MoritzLaurer/cap_sotu_sample · Datasets at Hugging Face

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But I think it's incumbent on us to monitor very carefully the farm situation and continue to work harmoniously with the farmers of our country.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,978	Jimmy (James E.) Carter	100	9,711	But I think it's incumbent on us to monitor very carefully the farm situation and continue to work harmoniously with the farmers of our country.	We expect to have more this year.	What's best for the farmers, the farm families, in the long run is also best for the consumers of our country.	35	9,434
In this connection, the Congress will wish to consider legislation to take the place of the 1937 Sugar Act which expires at the end of this year.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	600	In this connection, the Congress will wish to consider legislation to take the place of the 1937 Sugar Act which expires at the end of this year.	It will provide an opportunity for the Congress to review the needs of agriculture and make changes in national legislation where experience has shown changes to be needed.	During this period we must do a thorough job of basic planning to the end that agriculture shall be able to contribute its full share toward a healthy national economy.	1	587
Agriculture itself is moving confidently ahead, planning for another year of big production, taking definite and positive steps to lead the way toward an economy of abundance.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	582	Agriculture itself is moving confidently ahead, planning for another year of big production, taking definite and positive steps to lead the way toward an economy of abundance.	We can look to the future of agriculture with greater confidence than in many a year in the past.	Agricultural production goals for 1946 call for somewhat greater acreage than actually was planted in 1945.	1	569
We will work with you to open foreign markets to American agricultural products.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,989	George H.W. Bush	200	13,514	We will work with you to open foreign markets to American agricultural products.	To the farmers of America, we appreciate the bounty you provide.	And to the parents of America, I ask you to get involved in your child's schooling.	46	11,877
Such programs as those of the Farm Security Administration and the Farm Credit Administration are estimated to be continued during the fiscal year 1947 at about the same level as in the fiscal year 1946.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	1,087	Such programs as those of the Farm Security Administration and the Farm Credit Administration are estimated to be continued during the fiscal year 1947 at about the same level as in the fiscal year 1946.	The lands involved in this program can contribute fully to the national welfare only when brought into the national forest system for protection and development.	Recent action by the Congress has permitted some expansion of the school-lunch program.	1	1,071
The situation calls for prompt and forthright action.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,959	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	5,194	The situation calls for prompt and forthright action.	Legislative changes that followed were appropriate in direction but did not go far enough.	Recommendation for action will be contained in a message to be transmitted to the Congress shortly.	15	5,086
Ways can be found to utilize his new skills and better practices, to expand his markets at home and abroad, and to carry out the objectives of a balanced pattern of peacetime production without either undue sacrifice by farm people or undue expense to the Government.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,947	Harry S. Truman	100	1,411	Ways can be found to utilize his new skills and better practices, to expand his markets at home and abroad, and to carry out the objectives of a balanced pattern of peacetime production without either undue sacrifice by farm people or undue expense to the Government.	The farmer is entitled to a fair income.	HEALTH AND GENERAL WELFARE: Of all our national resources, none is of more basic value than the health of our people.	2	1,389
in the price support law should not be allowed to penalize farmers for increasing production to meet defense needs.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,952	Harry S. Truman	100	2,716	in the price support law should not be allowed to penalize farmers for increasing production to meet defense needs.	Another thing the Congress should do at this session is to strengthen our system of farm price supports to meet the defense emergency.	We should also find a new and less costly method for supporting perishable commodities than the law now provides.	7	2,665
I shall recommend other actions: -To raise the farmers' income by establishing a security commodity reserve that will protect the market from price-depressing stocks and protect the consumer from food scarcity.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	404	1,968	Lyndon B. Johnson	100	7,729	I shall recommend other actions: -To raise the farmers' income by establishing a security commodity reserve that will protect the market from price-depressing stocks and protect the consumer from food scarcity.	Those who preach disorder and those who preach violence must know that local authorities are able to resist them swiftly, to resist them sternly, and to resist them decisively.	I shall recommend programs to help farmers bargain more effectively for fair prices.	25	7,533
This price-support legislation will expire at the end of 1954.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,953	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,461	This price-support legislation will expire at the end of 1954.	The Secretary of Agriculture and his associates will, of course, execute the present act faithfully and thereby seek to mitigate the consequences of the downturn in farm income.	So we should begin now to consider what farm legislation we should develop for 1955 and beyond.	9	3,387
By the end of this fiscal year it is estimated that there will be in Government hands surplus farm products worth about nine billion dollars.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,959	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	5,187	By the end of this fiscal year it is estimated that there will be in Government hands surplus farm products worth about nine billion dollars.	That is a sum equal to approximately two-fifths of the net income of all farm operators in the entire United States.	And by July 1, 1959, Government expenditures for storage, interest, and handling of its agricultural inventory will reach a rate of one billion dollars a year.	15	5,080
This cannot be accomplished by agriculture alone.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	606	This cannot be accomplished by agriculture alone.	What we seek ultimately is a high level of food production and consumption that will provide good nutrition for everyone.	We can be certain of our capacity to produce food, but we have often failed to distribute it as well as we should and to see that our people can afford to buy it.	1	593
In a world in which millions of people are hungry, destruction of food would, of course, be unconscionable.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,954	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,757	In a world in which millions of people are hungry, destruction of food would, of course, be unconscionable.	Some products, priced out of domestic markets, and others, priced out of world markets, have piled up in government hands.	Yet surplus stocks continue to threaten the market and in spite of the acreage controls authorized by present law, surpluses will continue to accumulate.	10	3,680
It is expected that the operations of the Commodity Credit Corporation will be financed during the coming year through the 500 million dollars of lend-lease funds which the Congress has earmarked for price support purposes, a supplemental appropriation to restore impaired capital of the Corporation, and the borrowing authority of the Corporation.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	1,072	It is expected that the operations of the Commodity Credit Corporation will be financed during the coming year through the 500 million dollars of lend-lease funds which the Congress has earmarked for price support purposes, a supplemental appropriation to restore impaired capital of the Corporation, and the borrowing authority of the Corporation.	In addition there is a recommended authorization of 367.5 million dollars for borrowing from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation for the loan programs of the Farm Security Administration and the Rural Electrification Administration.	Some detailed recommendations follow for major agricultural programs.	1	1,056
The first is to impose still greater acreage reductions for some crops and apply rigid Federal controls over the use of the diverted acres.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,954	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,760	The first is to impose still greater acreage reductions for some crops and apply rigid Federal controls over the use of the diverted acres.	Yet surplus stocks continue to threaten the market and in spite of the acreage controls authorized by present law, surpluses will continue to accumulate.	This will regiment the production of every basic agricultural crop.	10	3,682
Since 1951 farm income has been squeezed down by 25 percent.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,961	John F. Kennedy	100	5,847	Since 1951 farm income has been squeezed down by 25 percent.	Business bankruptcies have reached their highest level since the Great Depression.	Save for a brief period in 1958, insured unemployment is at the highest peak in our history.	18	5,729
This is a venture in which business, agriculture, and labor have vastly greater opportunities than heretofore.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	90	This is a venture in which business, agriculture, and labor have vastly greater opportunities than heretofore.	the challenging venture of a free enterprise economy making full and effective use of its rich resources and technical advances.	But they all also have vastly greater responsibilities.	1	87
Outlays of the Department of Agriculture for the current fiscal year for the support of farm prices on a very few farm products will exceed five billion dollars.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,959	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	5,185	Outlays of the Department of Agriculture for the current fiscal year for the support of farm prices on a very few farm products will exceed five billion dollars.	Fourth, action is required to make more effective use of the large Federal expenditures for agriculture and to achieve greater fiscal control in this area.	That is a sum equal to approximately two-fifths of the net income of all farm operators in the entire United States.	15	5,078
Meanwhile, I have instructed the Department of Agriculture to work individually with farmers with debt problems to help them through these tough times.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,983	Ronald W. Reagan	200	11,987	Meanwhile, I have instructed the Department of Agriculture to work individually with farmers with debt problems to help them through these tough times.	We must strive, through innovations like the payment-in-kind crop swap approach and an aggressive export policy, to restore health and vitality to rural America.	Over the past year, our Task Force on Private Sector Initiatives has successfully forged a working partnership involving leaders of business, labor, education, and government to address the training needs of American workers.	40	10,463
The authority of the Commodity Credit Corporation to provide adequate storage space for crops should be restored.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	403	1,949	Harry S. Truman	100	1,903	The authority of the Commodity Credit Corporation to provide adequate storage space for crops should be restored.	Our price support legislation must be adapted to these objectives.	Our program for farm prosperity should also seek to expand the domestic market for agricultural products, particularly among low-income groups, and to increase and stabilize foreign markets.	4	1,874
Farmers' savings are the largest in history.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	499	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	575	Farmers' savings are the largest in history.	Farm mortgage debt is the lowest in 30 years.	Our agricultural plant is in much better condition than after World War I.	1	562
Thus, farm production is gradually adjusting to markets, markets are being expanded, and stocks are moving into use.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,955	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,073	Thus, farm production is gradually adjusting to markets, markets are being expanded, and stocks are moving into use.	As a result of the flexibility provided by the Agricultural Act of 1954, we can move toward less restrictive acreage controls.	We can now look forward to an easing of the influences depressing farm prices, to reduced government expenditures for purchase of surplus products, and to less Federal intrusion into the lives and plans of our farm people.	11	3,988
The purpose of these laws was to permit an orderly transition from war to peace.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,947	Harry S. Truman	100	1,407	The purpose of these laws was to permit an orderly transition from war to peace.	Present laws give considerable stability to farm prices for 1947 and 1948, and these 2 years must be utilized to maintain and develop markets for our great productive power.	The Government plan of support prices was not designed to absorb, at great cost, the unlimited surpluses of a highly productive agriculture.	2	1,385
In the past I have sent messages to the Congress requesting greater freedom for our farmers to manage their own farms and greater freedom for markets to reflect the wishes of producers and consumers.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,959	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	5,192	In the past I have sent messages to the Congress requesting greater freedom for our farmers to manage their own farms and greater freedom for markets to reflect the wishes of producers and consumers.	But unfortunately this is not true.	Legislative changes that followed were appropriate in direction but did not go far enough.	15	5,084
AGRICULTURE: Despite the difficulties of administering Congressional programs which apply outmoded prescriptions and which aggravate rather than solve problems, the past eight years brought notable advances in agriculture.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,961	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	5,696	AGRICULTURE: Despite the difficulties of administering Congressional programs which apply outmoded prescriptions and which aggravate rather than solve problems, the past eight years brought notable advances in agriculture.	I am deeply gratified that it was under the urging of this Administration that Alaska and Hawaii became our 49th and 50th States.	Total agricultural assets are approximately $200 billion--up $36 billion in eight years.	17	5,580
The immediate changes needed in agricultural programs are largely budgetary and administrative in nature.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,953	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,472	The immediate changes needed in agricultural programs are largely budgetary and administrative in nature.	A nonpartisan group of respected authorities in the field of agriculture has already been appointed as an interim advisory group.	New policies and new programs must await the completion of the far-reaching studies which have already been launched.	9	3,398
Our concern for the well-being of farm families demands that we constantly search for new ways by which they can share more fully in our unprecedented prosperity.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,957	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,649	Our concern for the well-being of farm families demands that we constantly search for new ways by which they can share more fully in our unprecedented prosperity.	Three tools that we have developed--improved surplus disposal, improved price support laws, and the soil bank--are working to reduce price-depressing government stocks of farm products.	Legislative recommendations in the field of agriculture are contained in the Budget Message.	13	4,557
They are caught between two millstones-- rising production costs and declining prices.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,956	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,386	They are caught between two millstones-- rising production costs and declining prices.	They alone of all major groups have seen their incomes decline rather than rise.	Such harm to a part of the national economy so vitally important to everyone is of great concern to us all.	12	4,300
They alone of all major groups have seen their incomes decline rather than rise.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,956	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,385	They alone of all major groups have seen their incomes decline rather than rise.	Our farm people are not sharing as they should in the general prosperity.	They are caught between two millstones-- rising production costs and declining prices.	12	4,299
It's why our food is safe to eat, our water is safe to drink, and our air is safe to breathe.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	403	2,011	Barack Obama	100	20,699	It's why our food is safe to eat, our water is safe to drink, and our air is safe to breathe.	That's what we've done in this country for more than a century.	It's why we have speed limits and child labor laws.	68	18,540
During the next few months the need for food in the world will be more serious than at any time during the war.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	592	During the next few months the need for food in the world will be more serious than at any time during the war.	If we are to do our part in aiding the war-stricken and starving countries some of the food desires of our own people will not be completely satisfied, at least until these nations have had an opportunity to harvest another crop.	And, despite the large shipments we have already made, and despite what we shall send, there remain great needs abroad.	1	579
Another essential for our continued growth is a stable and prosperous agriculture.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,950	Harry S. Truman	100	2,143	Another essential for our continued growth is a stable and prosperous agriculture.	A full understanding of the problems of modern labor relations is of such importance that I recommend the establishment of a labor extension service to encourage educational activities in this field.	For many years we have been building a program to give the farmer a reasonable measure of protection against the special hazards to which he is exposed.	5	2,111
Therefore, we should have available supplementary programs that will enable all our people to have enough of the right kind of food.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	610	Therefore, we should have available supplementary programs that will enable all our people to have enough of the right kind of food.	Wherever purchasing power fails to reach this level we should see that they have some means of getting adequate food at prices in line with their ability to buy.	For example, one of the best possible contributions toward building a stronger, healthier Nation would be a permanent school-lunch program on a scale adequate to assure every school child a good lunch at noon.	1	597
I ask you to join with me and do this.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,999	Bill (William J. ) Clinton	100	16,787	I ask you to join with me and do this.	And I am ready to work with lawmakers of both parties to create a farm safety net that will include crop insurance reform and farm income assistance.	This should not be a political issue.	56	14,879
If we move decisively, our factories and farms can increase their sales to their richest, fastest-growing market.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,962	John F. Kennedy	100	6,268	If we move decisively, our factories and farms can increase their sales to their richest, fastest-growing market.	Our decision could well affect the unity of the West, the course of the Cold War, and the economic growth of our Nation for a generation to come.	Our balance of payments position will improve.	19	6,133
Moreover, we should provide a method of supporting farm income at fair levels which will, at the same time, avoid piling up unmanageable surpluses and allow consumers to obtain the full benefit of our abundant agricultural production.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,950	Harry S. Truman	100	2,149	Moreover, we should provide a method of supporting farm income at fair levels which will, at the same time, avoid piling up unmanageable surpluses and allow consumers to obtain the full benefit of our abundant agricultural production.	Mandatory price support s should be provided for the commodities not now covered which are major sources of farm income.	A system of production payments gives the greatest promise of accomplishing this purpose.	5	2,117
Much of our tremendous grain crop can readily be sold abroad and thus will become no threat to our domestic markets.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,947	Harry S. Truman	100	1,398	Much of our tremendous grain crop can readily be sold abroad and thus will become no threat to our domestic markets.	Production of food reached record heights in 1946.	But in the next few years American agriculture can face the same dangers it did after World War I.	2	1,376
The first essential therefore in providing fully for the welfare of agriculture is to maintain full employment and a high level of purchasing power throughout the Nation.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	589	The first essential therefore in providing fully for the welfare of agriculture is to maintain full employment and a high level of purchasing power throughout the Nation.	The record shows that the people of this country want and need more food and that they will buy more food if only they have the jobs and the purchasing power.	For the period immediately ahead we shall still have the problem of supplying enough food.	1	576
Some products, priced out of domestic markets, and others, priced out of world markets, have piled up in government hands.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,954	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,756	Some products, priced out of domestic markets, and others, priced out of world markets, have piled up in government hands.	The storage facilities of the Commodity Credit Corporation bulge with surplus stocks of dairy products, wheat, cotton, corn, and certain vegetable oils; and the Corporation's presently authorized borrowing authority--$6,750,000,000--is nearly exhausted.	In a world in which millions of people are hungry, destruction of food would, of course, be unconscionable.	10	3,679
Through vigorous administration and through new authority provided by the 83rd Congress, surplus farm products are now moving into consumption.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,955	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,069	Through vigorous administration and through new authority provided by the 83rd Congress, surplus farm products are now moving into consumption.	The problems of our agriculture have evolved over many years and cannot be solved overnight; nevertheless, governmental actions last year hold great promise of fostering a better balance between production and markets and, consequently, a better and more stable income for our farmers.	From February 1953 through November 1954, the rate of increase of government-held surpluses has been reduced by our moving into use more than 2.3 billion dollars' worth of government-owned farm commodities; this amount is equal to more than seven percent of a year's production of all our farms and ranches.	11	3,984
When the original farm laws were written, an hour's farm labor produced only one-fourth as much wheat as at present.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	498	1,960	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	5,425	When the original farm laws were written, an hour's farm labor produced only one-fourth as much wheat as at present.	It is that of effectively adjusting to the changes caused by a scientific revolution.	Farm legislation is woefully out-of-date, ineffective, and expensive.	16	5,315
Over the past 5 years it is up 40 percent, and over the past year it is up 22 percent alone.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,966	Lyndon B. Johnson	100	6,989	Over the past 5 years it is up 40 percent, and over the past year it is up 22 percent alone.	Average farm income is higher than ever.	I was informed this afternoon by the distinguished Secretary of the Treasury that his preliminary estimates indicate that our balance of payments deficit has been reduced from $28 billion in 1964 to $13 billion, or less, in 1965.	23	6,829
This we intend to do, with realistic consideration for the sound patterns of production that will contribute most to the long-time welfare of agriculture and the whole Nation.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	400	1,946	Harry S. Truman	100	597	This we intend to do, with realistic consideration for the sound patterns of production that will contribute most to the long-time welfare of agriculture and the whole Nation.	The first obligation of the Government to agriculture for the reconversion period is to make good on its price-support commitments.	The period during which prices are supported will provide an opportunity for farmers individually to strengthen their position in changing over from a wartime to a peacetime basis of production.	1	584
I shall ask the Congress to provide substantial new funds for an expanded drive on the research front, to develop new markets, new crops, and new uses.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	401	1,956	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,412	I shall ask the Congress to provide substantial new funds for an expanded drive on the research front, to develop new markets, new crops, and new uses.	I shall propose measures to strengthen individual commodity programs, to remove controls where possible, to reduce carryovers, and to stop further accumulations of surpluses.	The Rural Development Program to better the lot of low-income farm families deserves full Congressional support.	12	4,325
For many years we have been building a program to give the farmer a reasonable measure of protection against the special hazards to which he is exposed.	Agriculture	4	Agriculture	402	1,950	Harry S. Truman	100	2,144	For many years we have been building a program to give the farmer a reasonable measure of protection against the special hazards to which he is exposed.	Another essential for our continued growth is a stable and prosperous agriculture.	That program was improved at the last session of the Congress.	5	2,112
In our first hundred days together, we've acted to restore the people's faith in democracy to deliver.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	206	2,021	Joseph R. Biden	100	24,714	In our first hundred days together, we've acted to restore the people's faith in democracy to deliver.	We have to prove democracy still works, that our Government still works and we can deliver for our people.	We're creating hundreds of thousands of new jobs.	78	22,054
Many countries have written into their constitution provisions for freedom of speech and freedom of assembly.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	207	1,987	Ronald W. Reagan	200	12,989	Many countries have written into their constitution provisions for freedom of speech and freedom of assembly.	Now some people are surprised to hear that they have a constitution, and it even supposedly grants a number of freedoms to its people.	Well, if this is true, why is the Constitution of the United States so exceptional?	44	11,405
of persuasion, honestly pressed;	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	1,953	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,510	of persuasion, honestly pressed;	Much of the answer lies in the power of fact, fully publicized;	and of conscience, justly aroused.	9	3,436
These are methods familiar to our way of life, tested and proven wise.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	1,953	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,512	These are methods familiar to our way of life, tested and proven wise.	and of conscience, justly aroused.	I propose to use whatever authority exists in the office of the President to end segregation in the District of Columbia, including the Federal Government, and any segregation in the Armed Forces.	9	3,438
Legislation, resting on the fullest constitutional authority of the Federal Government, to prohibit racial discrimination in the sale or rental of housing	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	1,966	Lyndon B. Johnson	100	7,003	Legislation, resting on the fullest constitutional authority of the Federal Government, to prohibit racial discrimination in the sale or rental of housing	I propose legislation to strengthen authority of Federal courts to try those who murder, attack, or intimidate either civil rights workers or others exercising their constitutional rights-and to increase penalties to a level equal to the nature of the crime.	For that other nation within a Nation-the poor-whose distress has now captured the conscience of America, I will ask the Congress not only to continue, but to speed up the war on poverty.	23	6,843
The constitutional right affirmed in Roe v. Wade - standing precedent for half a century-is under attack as never before.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	208	2,022	Joseph R. Biden	100	25,154	The constitutional right affirmed in Roe v. Wade - standing precedent for half a century-is under attack as never before.	Advancing liberty and justice also requires protecting the rights of women.	If we want to go forward - not backward-we must protect access to health care.	79	22,418
Religious freedom, free speech, and freedom of thought are cherished realities in our land.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,948	Harry S. Truman	100	1,570	Religious freedom, free speech, and freedom of thought are cherished realities in our land.	The United States has always had a deep concern for human rights.	Any denial of human rights is a denial of the basic beliefs of democracy and of our regard for the worth of each individual.	3	1,548
All of us should help to make clear that the government is united in the common purpose of giving support to the law and the decisions of the Courts.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,959	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	5,261	All of us should help to make clear that the government is united in the common purpose of giving support to the law and the decisions of the Courts.	Legislative proposals of the Administration in this field will be submitted to the Congress early in the session.	By moving steadily toward the goal of greater freedom under law, for our own people, we shall be the better prepared to work for the cause of freedom under law throughout the world.	15	5,152
Today, women make up about half our workforce.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	202	2,014	Barack Obama	100	21,828	Today, women make up about half our workforce.	But we know our opportunity agenda won't be complete , and too many young people entering the workforce today will see the American Dream as an empty promise , unless we do more to make sure our economy honors the dignity of work, and hard work pays off for every single American.	But they still make 77 cents for every dollar a man earns.	71	19,562
In addition, the Attorney General will soon appear before your Committees to present his recommendations for needed additional legal weapons with which to combat subversion in our country and to deal with the question of claimed immunity.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	209	1,954	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,705	In addition, the Attorney General will soon appear before your Committees to present his recommendations for needed additional legal weapons with which to combat subversion in our country and to deal with the question of claimed immunity.	I recommend that Congress enact legislation to provide that a citizen of the United States who is convicted in the courts of hereafter conspiring to advocate the overthrow of this government by force or violence be treated as having, by such act, renounced his allegiance to the United States and forfeited his United States citizenship.	Strong Economy: I turn now to the second great purpose of our government: Along with the protection of freedom, the maintenance of a strong and growing economy.	10	3,628
To be true to one's own freedom is, in essence, to honor and respect the freedom of all others.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,953	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,504	To be true to one's own freedom is, in essence, to honor and respect the freedom of all others.	I believe with all my heart that our vigilant guarding of these rights is a sacred obligation binding upon every citizen.	A cardinal ideal in this heritage we cherish is the equality of rights of all citizens of every race and color and creed.	9	3,430
If we do that, we will meet the center challenge of the age by proving that democracy is durable and strong.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	206	2,021	Joseph R. Biden	100	24,730	If we do that, we will meet the center challenge of the age by proving that democracy is durable and strong.	That's all I'm asking: that we do our part, all of us.	Autocrats will not win the future.	78	22,065
the volunteers at the polls who believe every vote should count -- because each of them in different ways know how much that precious right is worth.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	206	2,016	Barack Obama	100	22,783	the volunteers at the polls who believe every vote should count -- because each of them in different ways know how much that precious right is worth.	the new citizen who casts his vote for the first time;	Optimistic that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word.	73	20,408
We will make an historic beginning on the task of defining and protecting the right of personal privacy for every American.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	208	1,974	Richard M. Nixon	200	8,692	We will make an historic beginning on the task of defining and protecting the right of personal privacy for every American.	We will reform our system of Federal aid to education, to provide it when it is needed, where it is needed, so that it will do the most for those who need it the most.	And we will start on a new road toward reform of a welfare system that bleeds the taxpayer, corrodes the community, and demeans those it is intended to assist.	31	8,449
Further advances require action by Congress, and I hope that means will be provided to give the Members of the Senate and the House a chance to vote on them.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,952	Harry S. Truman	100	2,727	Further advances require action by Congress, and I hope that means will be provided to give the Members of the Senate and the House a chance to vote on them.	The executive branch has been making real progress toward full equality of treatment and opportunity--in the Armed Forces, in the civil service, and in private firms working for the Government.	I am glad to hear that home rule for the District of Columbia will be the first item of business before the Senate.	7	2,676
Because one of the main sources of our national unity is our belief in equal justice, we need to make sure Americans of all races and backgrounds have confidence in the system that provides justice.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	2,005	George W. Bush	200	18,745	Because one of the main sources of our national unity is our belief in equal justice, we need to make sure Americans of all races and backgrounds have confidence in the system that provides justice.	And as we update this important law, we must focus our efforts on fellow citizens with the highest rates of new cases, African American men and women.	In America we must make doubly sure no person is held to account for a crime he or she did not commit -- so we are dramatically expanding the use of DNA evidence to prevent wrongful conviction.	62	16,717
They should be enacted in order that the Federal Government may assume the leadership and discharge the obligations clearly placed upon it by the Constitution.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,949	Harry S. Truman	100	1,953	They should be enacted in order that the Federal Government may assume the leadership and discharge the obligations clearly placed upon it by the Constitution.	The civil rights proposals I made to the 80th Congress, I now repeat to the 81st Congress.	I stand squarely behind those proposals.	4	1,924
and we must give back to our children their lost right to acknowledge God in their classrooms.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	207	1,986	Ronald W. Reagan	200	12,738	and we must give back to our children their lost right to acknowledge God in their classrooms.	vouchers that give parents freedom of choice;	We are a nation of idealists, yet today there is a wound in our national conscience;	43	11,171
Progress, however, will be realized only as it is more than matched by a continuing growth in the spiritual strength of the nation.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	207	1,956	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,580	Progress, however, will be realized only as it is more than matched by a continuing growth in the spiritual strength of the nation.	The march of science, the expanding economy, the advance in collective security toward a just peace--in this threefold movement our people are creating new standards by which the future of the Republic may be judged.	Our dedication to moral values must be complete in our dealings abroad and in our relationships among ourselves.	12	4,489
Don't reach for your license.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	2,023	Joe Biden	100	25,723	Don't reach for your license.	That if a police officer pulls you over, turn your lights on right away.	Keep your hands on the steering wheel.	80	22,854
Substantial segments of our people have been prevented from exercising fully their right to participate in the election of public officials, both locally and nationally.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	206	1,947	Harry S. Truman	100	1,434	Substantial segments of our people have been prevented from exercising fully their right to participate in the election of public officials, both locally and nationally.	CIVIL RIGHTS: We have recently witnessed in this country numerous attacks upon the constitutional rights of individual citizens as a result of racial and religious bigotry.	Freedom to engage in lawful callings has been denied.	2	1,412
So let us keep on improving the quality of life and enlarging the meaning of justice for all of our fellow Americans.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,967	Lyndon B. Johnson	100	7,288	So let us keep on improving the quality of life and enlarging the meaning of justice for all of our fellow Americans.	And I will propose these measures to the 90th Congress.	We should transform our decaying slums into places of decency through the landmark Model Cities program.	24	7,119
The vice president and I are doing everything we can to protect access to reproductive health care and safeguard patient privacy.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	202	2,023	Joe Biden	100	25,788	The vice president and I are doing everything we can to protect access to reproductive health care and safeguard patient privacy.	Congress must restore the right the Supreme Court took away last year and protect our Roe v. Wade.	But already, more than a dozen states are enforcing extreme abortion bans.	80	22,905
to promote equal opportunity for members of minorities, and others who have been left behind;	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	1,972	Richard M. Nixon	200	8,482	to promote equal opportunity for members of minorities, and others who have been left behind;	to protect workers' pension rights;	to expand consumer protection;	29	8,248
They have been powerfully strengthened by the enactment of three far-reaching civil rights laws within the past 5 years, that this Congress, in its wisdom, passed.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,969	Lyndon B. Johnson	100	7,880	They have been powerfully strengthened by the enactment of three far-reaching civil rights laws within the past 5 years, that this Congress, in its wisdom, passed.	They were extended by the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments.	On January 1 of this year, the Fair Housing Act of 1968 covered over 20 million American homes and apartments.	26	7,676
In spite of constitutional guarantees, and notwithstanding much progress of recent years, bias still deprives some persons in this country of equal protection of the laws.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	1,960	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	5,469	In spite of constitutional guarantees, and notwithstanding much progress of recent years, bias still deprives some persons in this country of equal protection of the laws.	Our first duty is to protect this right against all encroachment.	Early in your last session I recommended legislation which would help eliminate several practices discriminating against the basic rights of Americans.	16	5,357
We must fight against this, in our country and in our hearts.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	1,997	Bill (William J. ) Clinton	100	16,152	We must fight against this, in our country and in our hearts.	We still see evidence of abiding bigotry and intolerance, in ugly words and awful violence, in burned churches and bombed buildings.	Just a few days before my second Inauguration, one of country's best known pastors, Reverend Robert Schuller, suggested that I read Isaiah 58:12.	54	14,288
indeed, all the evidence is to the contrary.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	207	1,984	Ronald W. Reagan	200	12,284	indeed, all the evidence is to the contrary.	No one has yet offered such proof;	We should rise above bitterness and reproach, and if Americans could come together in a spirit of understanding and helping, then we could find positive solutions to the tragedy of abortion.	41	10,751
But the struggle is far from over.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	209	2,021	Joseph R. Biden	100	24,700	But the struggle is far from over.	The insurrection was an existential crisis, a test of whether our democracy could survive.	The question of whether our democracy will long endure is both ancient and urgent, as old as our Republic, still vital today.	78	22,043
When Desiline arrived at her polling place, she was told the wait to vote might be 6 hours.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	206	2,013	Barack Obama	100	21,637	When Desiline arrived at her polling place, she was told the wait to vote might be 6 hours.	We should follow the example of a North Miami woman named Desiline Victor.	And as time ticked by, her concern was not with her tired body or aching feet, but whether folks like her would get to have their say.	70	19,388
We know that discrimination against minorities persists despite our allegiance to this ideal.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	1,953	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	3,506	We know that discrimination against minorities persists despite our allegiance to this ideal.	A cardinal ideal in this heritage we cherish is the equality of rights of all citizens of every race and color and creed.	Such discrimination--confined to no one section of the Nation--is but the outward testimony to the persistence of distrust and of fear in the hearts of men.	9	3,432
I've launched this national initiative on race to help us recognize our common interests and to bridge the opportunity gaps that are keeping us from becoming one America.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	1,998	Bill (William J. ) Clinton	100	16,521	I've launched this national initiative on race to help us recognize our common interests and to bridge the opportunity gaps that are keeping us from becoming one America.	We all want our children to grow up in a world where their talents are matched by their opportunities.	Let us begin by recognizing what we still must overcome.	55	14,638
This year, let's all come together , Congress, the White House, and businesses from Wall Street to Main Street , to give every woman the opportunity she deserves.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	202	2,014	Barack Obama	100	21,835	This year, let's all come together , Congress, the White House, and businesses from Wall Street to Main Street , to give every woman the opportunity she deserves.	It's time to do away with workplace policies that belong in a Mad Men episode.	Because I firmly believe when women succeed, America succeeds.	71	19,569
In America, we celebrate faith, we cherish religion, we lift our voices in prayer, and we raise our sights to the glory of God.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	207	2,020	Donald J. Trump	200	24,132	In America, we celebrate faith, we cherish religion, we lift our voices in prayer, and we raise our sights to the glory of God.	We don't muzzle preachers and pastors.	Just as we believe in the First Amendment, we also believe in another constitutional right that is under siege all across our country.	77	21,556
One measure of a truly free society is the vigor with which it protects the liberties of its individual citizens.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,974	Richard M. Nixon	200	8,751	One measure of a truly free society is the vigor with which it protects the liberties of its individual citizens.	And I urge the Congress to act on this legislation in 1974.	As technology has advanced in America, it has increasingly encroached on one of those liberties--what I term the right of personal privacy.	31	8,505
At the very moment our adversaries were certain we would pull apart and fail, we came together.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	209	2,021	Joseph R. Biden	100	24,737	At the very moment our adversaries were certain we would pull apart and fail, we came together.	We have stared into the abyss of insurrection and autocracy, pandemic and pain, and "We the People" did not flinch.	With light and hope, we summoned a new strength, new resolve to position us to win the competition of the 21st century, on our way to a union more perfect, more prosperous, and more just, as one people, one Nation, and one America.	78	22,070
Here is what Tyre's mother shared with me when I spoke to her, when I asked her how she finds the courage to carry on and speak out.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	201	2,023	Joe Biden	100	25,726	Here is what Tyre's mother shared with me when I spoke to her, when I asked her how she finds the courage to carry on and speak out.	Imagine having to worry like that every single time your kid got in a car.	With the faith in God, she said her son was quote, a beautiful soul and something good will come of this.	80	22,857
We also can't reward work and family unless men and women get equal pay for equal work.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	202	2,000	Bill (William J. ) Clinton	100	17,161	We also can't reward work and family unless men and women get equal pay for equal work.	Their children should not be in poverty.	Today, the female unemployment rate is the lowest it has been in 46 years.	57	15,228
The Commission is an important part of the ongoing struggle for justice in America, and we strongly support its reauthorization.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,983	Ronald W. Reagan	200	11,977	The Commission is an important part of the ongoing struggle for justice in America, and we strongly support its reauthorization.	Also in the area of fairness and equity, we will ask for extension of the Civil Rights Commission, which is due to expire this year.	Effective enforcement of our nation's fair housing laws is also essential to ensuring equal opportunity.	40	10,453
Disabled Americans must become full partners in America's opportunity society.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	205	1,989	George H.W. Bush	200	13,523	Disabled Americans must become full partners in America's opportunity society.	We need your talents in America's work force.	To the families of America watching tonight in your living rooms, hold fast to your dreams because ultimately America's future rests in your hands.	46	11,885
But we have to prove them wrong.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	209	2,021	Joseph R. Biden	100	24,712	But we have to prove them wrong.	They look at the images of the mob that assaulted the Capitol as proof that the sun is setting on American democracy.	We have to prove democracy still works, that our Government still works and we can deliver for our people.	78	22,052
We may go at it in campaign season, but surely we can agree that the right to vote is sacred;	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	206	2,015	Barack Obama	100	22,384	We may go at it in campaign season, but surely we can agree that the right to vote is sacred;	That's something that we can share.	that it's being denied to too many -- (applause) -- and that on this 50th anniversary of the great march from Selma to Montgomery and the passage of the Voting Rights Act, we can come together, Democrats and Republicans, to make voting easier for every single American.	72	20,066
The civil rights proposals I made to the 80th Congress, I now repeat to the 81st Congress.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	1,949	Harry S. Truman	100	1,952	The civil rights proposals I made to the 80th Congress, I now repeat to the 81st Congress.	The fulfillment of this promise is among the highest purposes of government.	They should be enacted in order that the Federal Government may assume the leadership and discharge the obligations clearly placed upon it by the Constitution.	4	1,923
We are advancing with unbridled optimism and lifting our citizens of every race, color, religion, and creed very, very high.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	200	2,020	Donald J. Trump	200	23,865	We are advancing with unbridled optimism and lifting our citizens of every race, color, religion, and creed very, very high.	Our agenda is relentlessly pro-worker, pro-family, pro-growth, and, most of all, pro-American. [Applause]	Since my election, we have created 7 million new jobs, 5 million more than Government experts projected during the previous administration.	77	21,325
And while we're doing this, let's get the Paycheck Fairness Act to my desk as well, equal pay.	Civil Rights	2	Civil Rights	202	2,021	Joseph R. Biden	100	24,396	And while we're doing this, let's get the Paycheck Fairness Act to my desk as well, equal pay.	We need to ensure greater equity and opportunity for women.	And if you're wondering whether it's too long, look behind me.	78	21,770
In the advancement of the various activities which will make our civilization endure and flourish, the Federal Government should do more to give official recognition to the importance of the arts and other cultural activities.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,955	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,185	In the advancement of the various activities which will make our civilization endure and flourish, the Federal Government should do more to give official recognition to the importance of the arts and other cultural activities.	Studies will be undertaken to determine the need for measures to ease the readjustment to civilian life of men required to enter the armed forces for two years of service.	I shall recommend the establishment of a Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts within the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to advise the Federal Government on ways to encourage artistic endeavor and appreciation.	11	4,100
I shall recommend the establishment of a Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts within the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to advise the Federal Government on ways to encourage artistic endeavor and appreciation.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,955	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,186	I shall recommend the establishment of a Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts within the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to advise the Federal Government on ways to encourage artistic endeavor and appreciation.	In the advancement of the various activities which will make our civilization endure and flourish, the Federal Government should do more to give official recognition to the importance of the arts and other cultural activities.	I shall also propose that awards of merit be established whereby we can honor our fellow citizens who make great contribution to the advancement of our civilization.	11	4,101
To help promote and honor creative achievements, I will propose a National Foundation on the Arts.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,965	Lyndon B. Johnson	100	6,893	To help promote and honor creative achievements, I will propose a National Foundation on the Arts.	Art and Science We must also recognize and encourage those who can be pathfinders for the Nation's imagination and understanding.	To develop knowledge which will enrich our lives and ensure our progress, I will recommend programs to encourage basic science, particularly in the universities--and to bring closer the day when the oceans will supply our growing need for fresh water.	22	6,739
Our culture lives in every community, and every community has places of historic value that tell our stories as Americans.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,998	Bill (William J. ) Clinton	100	16,542	Our culture lives in every community, and every community has places of historic value that tell our stories as Americans.	This year, Hillary and I launched the White House Millennium Program to promote America's creativity and innovation, and to preserve our heritage and culture into the 21st century.	I am proposing a public-private partnership to advance our arts and humanities, and to celebrate the millennium by saving American's treasures, great and small.	55	14,657
This year, Hillary and I launched the White House Millennium Program to promote America's creativity and innovation, and to preserve our heritage and culture into the 21st century.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,998	Bill (William J. ) Clinton	100	16,541	This year, Hillary and I launched the White House Millennium Program to promote America's creativity and innovation, and to preserve our heritage and culture into the 21st century.	It just happens once every thousand years.	Our culture lives in every community, and every community has places of historic value that tell our stories as Americans.	55	14,656
So instead of cutting back on our modest efforts to support the arts and humanities, I believe we should stand by them and challenge our artists, musicians, and writers -- challenge our museums, libraries and theaters -- we should -- we should challenge all Americans in the arts and humanities to join with our fellow citizens to make the year 2000 a national celebration of the American spirit in every community -- a celebration of our common culture in the century that has passed, and in the new one to come in a new millennium, so that we can remain the world's beacon not only of liberty, but of creativity, long after the fireworks have faded.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,997	Bill (William J. ) Clinton	100	16,063	So instead of cutting back on our modest efforts to support the arts and humanities, I believe we should stand by them and challenge our artists, musicians, and writers -- challenge our museums, libraries and theaters -- we should -- we should challenge all Americans in the arts and humanities to join with our fellow citizens to make the year 2000 a national celebration of the American spirit in every community -- a celebration of our common culture in the century that has passed, and in the new one to come in a new millennium, so that we can remain the world's beacon not only of liberty, but of creativity, long after the fireworks have faded.	But the enduring worth of our nation lies in our shared values and our soaring spirit.	WORLD LEADERSHIP: To prepare America for the 21st century we must master the forces of change in the world and keep American leadership strong and sure for an uncharted time.	54	14,204
Historically, the American people have supported by voluntary contributions more artistic and cultural activities than all the other countries in the world put together.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,981	Ronald W. Reagan	200	10,211	Historically, the American people have supported by voluntary contributions more artistic and cultural activities than all the other countries in the world put together.	They will, however, restore more authority to States and local school districts.	I wholeheartedly support this approach and believe that Americans will continue their generosity.	38	9,915
I wholeheartedly support this approach and believe that Americans will continue their generosity.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,981	Ronald W. Reagan	200	10,212	I wholeheartedly support this approach and believe that Americans will continue their generosity.	Historically, the American people have supported by voluntary contributions more artistic and cultural activities than all the other countries in the world put together.	Therefore, I'm proposing a savings of $85 million in the Federal subsidies now going to the arts and humanities.	38	9,916
I shall also propose that awards of merit be established whereby we can honor our fellow citizens who make great contribution to the advancement of our civilization.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,955	Dwight D. Eisenhower	200	4,187	I shall also propose that awards of merit be established whereby we can honor our fellow citizens who make great contribution to the advancement of our civilization.	I shall recommend the establishment of a Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts within the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to advise the Federal Government on ways to encourage artistic endeavor and appreciation.	Every citizen rightly expects efficient and economical administration of these many government programs I have outlined today.	11	4,102
I am proposing a public-private partnership to advance our arts and humanities, and to celebrate the millennium by saving American's treasures, great and small.	Culture	23	Culture	2,300	1,998	Bill (William J. ) Clinton	100	16,544	I am proposing a public-private partnership to advance our arts and humanities, and to celebrate the millennium by saving American's treasures, great and small.	Our culture lives in every community, and every community has places of historic value that tell our stories as Americans.	SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: And while we honor the past, let us imagine the future.	55	14,658

But I think it's incumbent on us to monitor very carefully the farm situation and continue to work harmoniously with the farmers of our country.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,978

Jimmy (James E.) Carter

100

9,711

But I think it's incumbent on us to monitor very carefully the farm situation and continue to work harmoniously with the farmers of our country.

We expect to have more this year.

What's best for the farmers, the farm families, in the long run is also best for the consumers of our country.

35

9,434

In this connection, the Congress will wish to consider legislation to take the place of the 1937 Sugar Act which expires at the end of this year.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

600

In this connection, the Congress will wish to consider legislation to take the place of the 1937 Sugar Act which expires at the end of this year.

It will provide an opportunity for the Congress to review the needs of agriculture and make changes in national legislation where experience has shown changes to be needed.

During this period we must do a thorough job of basic planning to the end that agriculture shall be able to contribute its full share toward a healthy national economy.

1

587

Agriculture itself is moving confidently ahead, planning for another year of big production, taking definite and positive steps to lead the way toward an economy of abundance.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

582

Agriculture itself is moving confidently ahead, planning for another year of big production, taking definite and positive steps to lead the way toward an economy of abundance.

We can look to the future of agriculture with greater confidence than in many a year in the past.

Agricultural production goals for 1946 call for somewhat greater acreage than actually was planted in 1945.

1

569

We will work with you to open foreign markets to American agricultural products.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,989

George H.W. Bush

200

13,514

We will work with you to open foreign markets to American agricultural products.

To the farmers of America, we appreciate the bounty you provide.

And to the parents of America, I ask you to get involved in your child's schooling.

46

11,877

Such programs as those of the Farm Security Administration and the Farm Credit Administration are estimated to be continued during the fiscal year 1947 at about the same level as in the fiscal year 1946.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

1,087

Such programs as those of the Farm Security Administration and the Farm Credit Administration are estimated to be continued during the fiscal year 1947 at about the same level as in the fiscal year 1946.

The lands involved in this program can contribute fully to the national welfare only when brought into the national forest system for protection and development.

Recent action by the Congress has permitted some expansion of the school-lunch program.

1

1,071

The situation calls for prompt and forthright action.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,959

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

5,194

The situation calls for prompt and forthright action.

Legislative changes that followed were appropriate in direction but did not go far enough.

Recommendation for action will be contained in a message to be transmitted to the Congress shortly.

15

5,086

Ways can be found to utilize his new skills and better practices, to expand his markets at home and abroad, and to carry out the objectives of a balanced pattern of peacetime production without either undue sacrifice by farm people or undue expense to the Government.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,947

Harry S. Truman

100

1,411

Ways can be found to utilize his new skills and better practices, to expand his markets at home and abroad, and to carry out the objectives of a balanced pattern of peacetime production without either undue sacrifice by farm people or undue expense to the Government.

The farmer is entitled to a fair income.

HEALTH AND GENERAL WELFARE: Of all our national resources, none is of more basic value than the health of our people.

2

1,389

in the price support law should not be allowed to penalize farmers for increasing production to meet defense needs.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,952

Harry S. Truman

100

2,716

in the price support law should not be allowed to penalize farmers for increasing production to meet defense needs.

Another thing the Congress should do at this session is to strengthen our system of farm price supports to meet the defense emergency.

We should also find a new and less costly method for supporting perishable commodities than the law now provides.

7

2,665

I shall recommend other actions: -To raise the farmers' income by establishing a security commodity reserve that will protect the market from price-depressing stocks and protect the consumer from food scarcity.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

404

1,968

Lyndon B. Johnson

100

7,729

I shall recommend other actions: -To raise the farmers' income by establishing a security commodity reserve that will protect the market from price-depressing stocks and protect the consumer from food scarcity.

Those who preach disorder and those who preach violence must know that local authorities are able to resist them swiftly, to resist them sternly, and to resist them decisively.

I shall recommend programs to help farmers bargain more effectively for fair prices.

25

7,533

This price-support legislation will expire at the end of 1954.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,953

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,461

This price-support legislation will expire at the end of 1954.

The Secretary of Agriculture and his associates will, of course, execute the present act faithfully and thereby seek to mitigate the consequences of the downturn in farm income.

So we should begin now to consider what farm legislation we should develop for 1955 and beyond.

9

3,387

By the end of this fiscal year it is estimated that there will be in Government hands surplus farm products worth about nine billion dollars.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,959

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

5,187

By the end of this fiscal year it is estimated that there will be in Government hands surplus farm products worth about nine billion dollars.

That is a sum equal to approximately two-fifths of the net income of all farm operators in the entire United States.

And by July 1, 1959, Government expenditures for storage, interest, and handling of its agricultural inventory will reach a rate of one billion dollars a year.

15

5,080

This cannot be accomplished by agriculture alone.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

606

This cannot be accomplished by agriculture alone.

What we seek ultimately is a high level of food production and consumption that will provide good nutrition for everyone.

We can be certain of our capacity to produce food, but we have often failed to distribute it as well as we should and to see that our people can afford to buy it.

1

593

In a world in which millions of people are hungry, destruction of food would, of course, be unconscionable.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,954

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,757

In a world in which millions of people are hungry, destruction of food would, of course, be unconscionable.

Some products, priced out of domestic markets, and others, priced out of world markets, have piled up in government hands.

Yet surplus stocks continue to threaten the market and in spite of the acreage controls authorized by present law, surpluses will continue to accumulate.

10

3,680

It is expected that the operations of the Commodity Credit Corporation will be financed during the coming year through the 500 million dollars of lend-lease funds which the Congress has earmarked for price support purposes, a supplemental appropriation to restore impaired capital of the Corporation, and the borrowing authority of the Corporation.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

1,072

It is expected that the operations of the Commodity Credit Corporation will be financed during the coming year through the 500 million dollars of lend-lease funds which the Congress has earmarked for price support purposes, a supplemental appropriation to restore impaired capital of the Corporation, and the borrowing authority of the Corporation.

In addition there is a recommended authorization of 367.5 million dollars for borrowing from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation for the loan programs of the Farm Security Administration and the Rural Electrification Administration.

Some detailed recommendations follow for major agricultural programs.

1

1,056

The first is to impose still greater acreage reductions for some crops and apply rigid Federal controls over the use of the diverted acres.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,954

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,760

The first is to impose still greater acreage reductions for some crops and apply rigid Federal controls over the use of the diverted acres.

Yet surplus stocks continue to threaten the market and in spite of the acreage controls authorized by present law, surpluses will continue to accumulate.

This will regiment the production of every basic agricultural crop.

10

3,682

Since 1951 farm income has been squeezed down by 25 percent.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,961

John F. Kennedy

100

5,847

Since 1951 farm income has been squeezed down by 25 percent.

Business bankruptcies have reached their highest level since the Great Depression.

Save for a brief period in 1958, insured unemployment is at the highest peak in our history.

18

5,729

This is a venture in which business, agriculture, and labor have vastly greater opportunities than heretofore.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

90

This is a venture in which business, agriculture, and labor have vastly greater opportunities than heretofore.

the challenging venture of a free enterprise economy making full and effective use of its rich resources and technical advances.

But they all also have vastly greater responsibilities.

1

87

Outlays of the Department of Agriculture for the current fiscal year for the support of farm prices on a very few farm products will exceed five billion dollars.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,959

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

5,185

Outlays of the Department of Agriculture for the current fiscal year for the support of farm prices on a very few farm products will exceed five billion dollars.

Fourth, action is required to make more effective use of the large Federal expenditures for agriculture and to achieve greater fiscal control in this area.

That is a sum equal to approximately two-fifths of the net income of all farm operators in the entire United States.

15

5,078

Meanwhile, I have instructed the Department of Agriculture to work individually with farmers with debt problems to help them through these tough times.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,983

Ronald W. Reagan

200

11,987

Meanwhile, I have instructed the Department of Agriculture to work individually with farmers with debt problems to help them through these tough times.

We must strive, through innovations like the payment-in-kind crop swap approach and an aggressive export policy, to restore health and vitality to rural America.

Over the past year, our Task Force on Private Sector Initiatives has successfully forged a working partnership involving leaders of business, labor, education, and government to address the training needs of American workers.

40

10,463

The authority of the Commodity Credit Corporation to provide adequate storage space for crops should be restored.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

403

1,949

Harry S. Truman

100

1,903

The authority of the Commodity Credit Corporation to provide adequate storage space for crops should be restored.

Our price support legislation must be adapted to these objectives.

Our program for farm prosperity should also seek to expand the domestic market for agricultural products, particularly among low-income groups, and to increase and stabilize foreign markets.

4

1,874

Farmers' savings are the largest in history.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

499

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

575

Farmers' savings are the largest in history.

Farm mortgage debt is the lowest in 30 years.

Our agricultural plant is in much better condition than after World War I.

1

562

Thus, farm production is gradually adjusting to markets, markets are being expanded, and stocks are moving into use.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,955

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,073

Thus, farm production is gradually adjusting to markets, markets are being expanded, and stocks are moving into use.

As a result of the flexibility provided by the Agricultural Act of 1954, we can move toward less restrictive acreage controls.

We can now look forward to an easing of the influences depressing farm prices, to reduced government expenditures for purchase of surplus products, and to less Federal intrusion into the lives and plans of our farm people.

11

3,988

The purpose of these laws was to permit an orderly transition from war to peace.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,947

Harry S. Truman

100

1,407

The purpose of these laws was to permit an orderly transition from war to peace.

Present laws give considerable stability to farm prices for 1947 and 1948, and these 2 years must be utilized to maintain and develop markets for our great productive power.

The Government plan of support prices was not designed to absorb, at great cost, the unlimited surpluses of a highly productive agriculture.

2

1,385

In the past I have sent messages to the Congress requesting greater freedom for our farmers to manage their own farms and greater freedom for markets to reflect the wishes of producers and consumers.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,959

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

5,192

In the past I have sent messages to the Congress requesting greater freedom for our farmers to manage their own farms and greater freedom for markets to reflect the wishes of producers and consumers.

But unfortunately this is not true.

Legislative changes that followed were appropriate in direction but did not go far enough.

15

5,084

AGRICULTURE: Despite the difficulties of administering Congressional programs which apply outmoded prescriptions and which aggravate rather than solve problems, the past eight years brought notable advances in agriculture.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,961

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

5,696

AGRICULTURE: Despite the difficulties of administering Congressional programs which apply outmoded prescriptions and which aggravate rather than solve problems, the past eight years brought notable advances in agriculture.

I am deeply gratified that it was under the urging of this Administration that Alaska and Hawaii became our 49th and 50th States.

Total agricultural assets are approximately $200 billion--up $36 billion in eight years.

17

5,580

The immediate changes needed in agricultural programs are largely budgetary and administrative in nature.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,953

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,472

The immediate changes needed in agricultural programs are largely budgetary and administrative in nature.

A nonpartisan group of respected authorities in the field of agriculture has already been appointed as an interim advisory group.

New policies and new programs must await the completion of the far-reaching studies which have already been launched.

9

3,398

Our concern for the well-being of farm families demands that we constantly search for new ways by which they can share more fully in our unprecedented prosperity.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,957

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,649

Our concern for the well-being of farm families demands that we constantly search for new ways by which they can share more fully in our unprecedented prosperity.

Three tools that we have developed--improved surplus disposal, improved price support laws, and the soil bank--are working to reduce price-depressing government stocks of farm products.

Legislative recommendations in the field of agriculture are contained in the Budget Message.

13

4,557

They are caught between two millstones-- rising production costs and declining prices.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,956

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,386

They are caught between two millstones-- rising production costs and declining prices.

They alone of all major groups have seen their incomes decline rather than rise.

Such harm to a part of the national economy so vitally important to everyone is of great concern to us all.

12

4,300

They alone of all major groups have seen their incomes decline rather than rise.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,956

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,385

They alone of all major groups have seen their incomes decline rather than rise.

Our farm people are not sharing as they should in the general prosperity.

They are caught between two millstones-- rising production costs and declining prices.

12

4,299

It's why our food is safe to eat, our water is safe to drink, and our air is safe to breathe.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

403

2,011

Barack Obama

100

20,699

It's why our food is safe to eat, our water is safe to drink, and our air is safe to breathe.

That's what we've done in this country for more than a century.

It's why we have speed limits and child labor laws.

68

18,540

During the next few months the need for food in the world will be more serious than at any time during the war.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

592

During the next few months the need for food in the world will be more serious than at any time during the war.

If we are to do our part in aiding the war-stricken and starving countries some of the food desires of our own people will not be completely satisfied, at least until these nations have had an opportunity to harvest another crop.

And, despite the large shipments we have already made, and despite what we shall send, there remain great needs abroad.

1

579

Another essential for our continued growth is a stable and prosperous agriculture.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,950

Harry S. Truman

100

2,143

Another essential for our continued growth is a stable and prosperous agriculture.

A full understanding of the problems of modern labor relations is of such importance that I recommend the establishment of a labor extension service to encourage educational activities in this field.

For many years we have been building a program to give the farmer a reasonable measure of protection against the special hazards to which he is exposed.

5

2,111

Therefore, we should have available supplementary programs that will enable all our people to have enough of the right kind of food.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

610

Therefore, we should have available supplementary programs that will enable all our people to have enough of the right kind of food.

Wherever purchasing power fails to reach this level we should see that they have some means of getting adequate food at prices in line with their ability to buy.

For example, one of the best possible contributions toward building a stronger, healthier Nation would be a permanent school-lunch program on a scale adequate to assure every school child a good lunch at noon.

1

597

I ask you to join with me and do this.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,999

Bill (William J. ) Clinton

100

16,787

I ask you to join with me and do this.

And I am ready to work with lawmakers of both parties to create a farm safety net that will include crop insurance reform and farm income assistance.

This should not be a political issue.

56

14,879

If we move decisively, our factories and farms can increase their sales to their richest, fastest-growing market.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,962

John F. Kennedy

100

6,268

If we move decisively, our factories and farms can increase their sales to their richest, fastest-growing market.

Our decision could well affect the unity of the West, the course of the Cold War, and the economic growth of our Nation for a generation to come.

Our balance of payments position will improve.

19

6,133

Moreover, we should provide a method of supporting farm income at fair levels which will, at the same time, avoid piling up unmanageable surpluses and allow consumers to obtain the full benefit of our abundant agricultural production.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,950

Harry S. Truman

100

2,149

Moreover, we should provide a method of supporting farm income at fair levels which will, at the same time, avoid piling up unmanageable surpluses and allow consumers to obtain the full benefit of our abundant agricultural production.

Mandatory price support s should be provided for the commodities not now covered which are major sources of farm income.

A system of production payments gives the greatest promise of accomplishing this purpose.

5

2,117

Much of our tremendous grain crop can readily be sold abroad and thus will become no threat to our domestic markets.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,947

Harry S. Truman

100

1,398

Much of our tremendous grain crop can readily be sold abroad and thus will become no threat to our domestic markets.

Production of food reached record heights in 1946.

But in the next few years American agriculture can face the same dangers it did after World War I.

2

1,376

The first essential therefore in providing fully for the welfare of agriculture is to maintain full employment and a high level of purchasing power throughout the Nation.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

589

The first essential therefore in providing fully for the welfare of agriculture is to maintain full employment and a high level of purchasing power throughout the Nation.

The record shows that the people of this country want and need more food and that they will buy more food if only they have the jobs and the purchasing power.

For the period immediately ahead we shall still have the problem of supplying enough food.

1

576

Some products, priced out of domestic markets, and others, priced out of world markets, have piled up in government hands.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,954

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,756

Some products, priced out of domestic markets, and others, priced out of world markets, have piled up in government hands.

The storage facilities of the Commodity Credit Corporation bulge with surplus stocks of dairy products, wheat, cotton, corn, and certain vegetable oils; and the Corporation's presently authorized borrowing authority--$6,750,000,000--is nearly exhausted.

In a world in which millions of people are hungry, destruction of food would, of course, be unconscionable.

10

3,679

Through vigorous administration and through new authority provided by the 83rd Congress, surplus farm products are now moving into consumption.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,955

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,069

Through vigorous administration and through new authority provided by the 83rd Congress, surplus farm products are now moving into consumption.

The problems of our agriculture have evolved over many years and cannot be solved overnight; nevertheless, governmental actions last year hold great promise of fostering a better balance between production and markets and, consequently, a better and more stable income for our farmers.

From February 1953 through November 1954, the rate of increase of government-held surpluses has been reduced by our moving into use more than 2.3 billion dollars' worth of government-owned farm commodities; this amount is equal to more than seven percent of a year's production of all our farms and ranches.

11

3,984

When the original farm laws were written, an hour's farm labor produced only one-fourth as much wheat as at present.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

498

1,960

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

5,425

When the original farm laws were written, an hour's farm labor produced only one-fourth as much wheat as at present.

It is that of effectively adjusting to the changes caused by a scientific revolution.

Farm legislation is woefully out-of-date, ineffective, and expensive.

16

5,315

Over the past 5 years it is up 40 percent, and over the past year it is up 22 percent alone.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,966

Lyndon B. Johnson

100

6,989

Over the past 5 years it is up 40 percent, and over the past year it is up 22 percent alone.

Average farm income is higher than ever.

I was informed this afternoon by the distinguished Secretary of the Treasury that his preliminary estimates indicate that our balance of payments deficit has been reduced from $28 billion in 1964 to $13 billion, or less, in 1965.

23

6,829

This we intend to do, with realistic consideration for the sound patterns of production that will contribute most to the long-time welfare of agriculture and the whole Nation.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

400

1,946

Harry S. Truman

100

597

This we intend to do, with realistic consideration for the sound patterns of production that will contribute most to the long-time welfare of agriculture and the whole Nation.

The first obligation of the Government to agriculture for the reconversion period is to make good on its price-support commitments.

The period during which prices are supported will provide an opportunity for farmers individually to strengthen their position in changing over from a wartime to a peacetime basis of production.

1

584

I shall ask the Congress to provide substantial new funds for an expanded drive on the research front, to develop new markets, new crops, and new uses.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

401

1,956

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,412

I shall ask the Congress to provide substantial new funds for an expanded drive on the research front, to develop new markets, new crops, and new uses.

I shall propose measures to strengthen individual commodity programs, to remove controls where possible, to reduce carryovers, and to stop further accumulations of surpluses.

The Rural Development Program to better the lot of low-income farm families deserves full Congressional support.

12

4,325

For many years we have been building a program to give the farmer a reasonable measure of protection against the special hazards to which he is exposed.

Agriculture

4

Agriculture

402

1,950

Harry S. Truman

100

2,144

For many years we have been building a program to give the farmer a reasonable measure of protection against the special hazards to which he is exposed.

Another essential for our continued growth is a stable and prosperous agriculture.

That program was improved at the last session of the Congress.

5

2,112

In our first hundred days together, we've acted to restore the people's faith in democracy to deliver.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

206

2,021

Joseph R. Biden

100

24,714

In our first hundred days together, we've acted to restore the people's faith in democracy to deliver.

We have to prove democracy still works, that our Government still works and we can deliver for our people.

We're creating hundreds of thousands of new jobs.

78

22,054

Many countries have written into their constitution provisions for freedom of speech and freedom of assembly.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

207

1,987

Ronald W. Reagan

200

12,989

Many countries have written into their constitution provisions for freedom of speech and freedom of assembly.

Now some people are surprised to hear that they have a constitution, and it even supposedly grants a number of freedoms to its people.

Well, if this is true, why is the Constitution of the United States so exceptional?

44

11,405

of persuasion, honestly pressed;

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

1,953

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,510

of persuasion, honestly pressed;

Much of the answer lies in the power of fact, fully publicized;

and of conscience, justly aroused.

9

3,436

These are methods familiar to our way of life, tested and proven wise.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

1,953

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,512

These are methods familiar to our way of life, tested and proven wise.

and of conscience, justly aroused.

I propose to use whatever authority exists in the office of the President to end segregation in the District of Columbia, including the Federal Government, and any segregation in the Armed Forces.

9

3,438

Legislation, resting on the fullest constitutional authority of the Federal Government, to prohibit racial discrimination in the sale or rental of housing

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

1,966

Lyndon B. Johnson

100

7,003

Legislation, resting on the fullest constitutional authority of the Federal Government, to prohibit racial discrimination in the sale or rental of housing

I propose legislation to strengthen authority of Federal courts to try those who murder, attack, or intimidate either civil rights workers or others exercising their constitutional rights-and to increase penalties to a level equal to the nature of the crime.

For that other nation within a Nation-the poor-whose distress has now captured the conscience of America, I will ask the Congress not only to continue, but to speed up the war on poverty.

23

6,843

The constitutional right affirmed in Roe v. Wade - standing precedent for half a century-is under attack as never before.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

208

2,022

Joseph R. Biden

100

25,154

The constitutional right affirmed in Roe v. Wade - standing precedent for half a century-is under attack as never before.

Advancing liberty and justice also requires protecting the rights of women.

If we want to go forward - not backward-we must protect access to health care.

79

22,418

Religious freedom, free speech, and freedom of thought are cherished realities in our land.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,948

Harry S. Truman

100

1,570

Religious freedom, free speech, and freedom of thought are cherished realities in our land.

The United States has always had a deep concern for human rights.

Any denial of human rights is a denial of the basic beliefs of democracy and of our regard for the worth of each individual.

3

1,548

All of us should help to make clear that the government is united in the common purpose of giving support to the law and the decisions of the Courts.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,959

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

5,261

All of us should help to make clear that the government is united in the common purpose of giving support to the law and the decisions of the Courts.

Legislative proposals of the Administration in this field will be submitted to the Congress early in the session.

By moving steadily toward the goal of greater freedom under law, for our own people, we shall be the better prepared to work for the cause of freedom under law throughout the world.

15

5,152

Today, women make up about half our workforce.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

202

2,014

Barack Obama

100

21,828

Today, women make up about half our workforce.

But we know our opportunity agenda won't be complete , and too many young people entering the workforce today will see the American Dream as an empty promise , unless we do more to make sure our economy honors the dignity of work, and hard work pays off for every single American.

But they still make 77 cents for every dollar a man earns.

71

19,562

In addition, the Attorney General will soon appear before your Committees to present his recommendations for needed additional legal weapons with which to combat subversion in our country and to deal with the question of claimed immunity.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

209

1,954

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,705

In addition, the Attorney General will soon appear before your Committees to present his recommendations for needed additional legal weapons with which to combat subversion in our country and to deal with the question of claimed immunity.

I recommend that Congress enact legislation to provide that a citizen of the United States who is convicted in the courts of hereafter conspiring to advocate the overthrow of this government by force or violence be treated as having, by such act, renounced his allegiance to the United States and forfeited his United States citizenship.

Strong Economy: I turn now to the second great purpose of our government: Along with the protection of freedom, the maintenance of a strong and growing economy.

10

3,628

To be true to one's own freedom is, in essence, to honor and respect the freedom of all others.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,953

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,504

To be true to one's own freedom is, in essence, to honor and respect the freedom of all others.

I believe with all my heart that our vigilant guarding of these rights is a sacred obligation binding upon every citizen.

A cardinal ideal in this heritage we cherish is the equality of rights of all citizens of every race and color and creed.

9

3,430

If we do that, we will meet the center challenge of the age by proving that democracy is durable and strong.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

206

2,021

Joseph R. Biden

100

24,730

If we do that, we will meet the center challenge of the age by proving that democracy is durable and strong.

That's all I'm asking: that we do our part, all of us.

Autocrats will not win the future.

78

22,065

the volunteers at the polls who believe every vote should count -- because each of them in different ways know how much that precious right is worth.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

206

2,016

Barack Obama

100

22,783

the volunteers at the polls who believe every vote should count -- because each of them in different ways know how much that precious right is worth.

the new citizen who casts his vote for the first time;

Optimistic that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word.

73

20,408

We will make an historic beginning on the task of defining and protecting the right of personal privacy for every American.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

208

1,974

Richard M. Nixon

200

8,692

We will make an historic beginning on the task of defining and protecting the right of personal privacy for every American.

We will reform our system of Federal aid to education, to provide it when it is needed, where it is needed, so that it will do the most for those who need it the most.

And we will start on a new road toward reform of a welfare system that bleeds the taxpayer, corrodes the community, and demeans those it is intended to assist.

31

8,449

Further advances require action by Congress, and I hope that means will be provided to give the Members of the Senate and the House a chance to vote on them.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,952

Harry S. Truman

100

2,727

Further advances require action by Congress, and I hope that means will be provided to give the Members of the Senate and the House a chance to vote on them.

The executive branch has been making real progress toward full equality of treatment and opportunity--in the Armed Forces, in the civil service, and in private firms working for the Government.

I am glad to hear that home rule for the District of Columbia will be the first item of business before the Senate.

7

2,676

Because one of the main sources of our national unity is our belief in equal justice, we need to make sure Americans of all races and backgrounds have confidence in the system that provides justice.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

2,005

George W. Bush

200

18,745

Because one of the main sources of our national unity is our belief in equal justice, we need to make sure Americans of all races and backgrounds have confidence in the system that provides justice.

And as we update this important law, we must focus our efforts on fellow citizens with the highest rates of new cases, African American men and women.

In America we must make doubly sure no person is held to account for a crime he or she did not commit -- so we are dramatically expanding the use of DNA evidence to prevent wrongful conviction.

62

16,717

They should be enacted in order that the Federal Government may assume the leadership and discharge the obligations clearly placed upon it by the Constitution.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,949

Harry S. Truman

100

1,953

They should be enacted in order that the Federal Government may assume the leadership and discharge the obligations clearly placed upon it by the Constitution.

The civil rights proposals I made to the 80th Congress, I now repeat to the 81st Congress.

I stand squarely behind those proposals.

4

1,924

and we must give back to our children their lost right to acknowledge God in their classrooms.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

207

1,986

Ronald W. Reagan

200

12,738

and we must give back to our children their lost right to acknowledge God in their classrooms.

vouchers that give parents freedom of choice;

We are a nation of idealists, yet today there is a wound in our national conscience;

43

11,171

Progress, however, will be realized only as it is more than matched by a continuing growth in the spiritual strength of the nation.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

207

1,956

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,580

Progress, however, will be realized only as it is more than matched by a continuing growth in the spiritual strength of the nation.

The march of science, the expanding economy, the advance in collective security toward a just peace--in this threefold movement our people are creating new standards by which the future of the Republic may be judged.

Our dedication to moral values must be complete in our dealings abroad and in our relationships among ourselves.

12

4,489

Don't reach for your license.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

2,023

Joe Biden

100

25,723

Don't reach for your license.

That if a police officer pulls you over, turn your lights on right away.

Keep your hands on the steering wheel.

80

22,854

Substantial segments of our people have been prevented from exercising fully their right to participate in the election of public officials, both locally and nationally.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

206

1,947

Harry S. Truman

100

1,434

Substantial segments of our people have been prevented from exercising fully their right to participate in the election of public officials, both locally and nationally.

CIVIL RIGHTS: We have recently witnessed in this country numerous attacks upon the constitutional rights of individual citizens as a result of racial and religious bigotry.

Freedom to engage in lawful callings has been denied.

2

1,412

So let us keep on improving the quality of life and enlarging the meaning of justice for all of our fellow Americans.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,967

Lyndon B. Johnson

100

7,288

So let us keep on improving the quality of life and enlarging the meaning of justice for all of our fellow Americans.

And I will propose these measures to the 90th Congress.

We should transform our decaying slums into places of decency through the landmark Model Cities program.

24

7,119

The vice president and I are doing everything we can to protect access to reproductive health care and safeguard patient privacy.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

202

2,023

Joe Biden

100

25,788

The vice president and I are doing everything we can to protect access to reproductive health care and safeguard patient privacy.

Congress must restore the right the Supreme Court took away last year and protect our Roe v. Wade.

But already, more than a dozen states are enforcing extreme abortion bans.

80

22,905

to promote equal opportunity for members of minorities, and others who have been left behind;

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

1,972

Richard M. Nixon

200

8,482

to promote equal opportunity for members of minorities, and others who have been left behind;

to protect workers' pension rights;

to expand consumer protection;

29

8,248

They have been powerfully strengthened by the enactment of three far-reaching civil rights laws within the past 5 years, that this Congress, in its wisdom, passed.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,969

Lyndon B. Johnson

100

7,880

They have been powerfully strengthened by the enactment of three far-reaching civil rights laws within the past 5 years, that this Congress, in its wisdom, passed.

They were extended by the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments.

On January 1 of this year, the Fair Housing Act of 1968 covered over 20 million American homes and apartments.

26

7,676

In spite of constitutional guarantees, and notwithstanding much progress of recent years, bias still deprives some persons in this country of equal protection of the laws.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

1,960

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

5,469

In spite of constitutional guarantees, and notwithstanding much progress of recent years, bias still deprives some persons in this country of equal protection of the laws.

Our first duty is to protect this right against all encroachment.

Early in your last session I recommended legislation which would help eliminate several practices discriminating against the basic rights of Americans.

16

5,357

We must fight against this, in our country and in our hearts.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

1,997

Bill (William J. ) Clinton

100

16,152

We must fight against this, in our country and in our hearts.

We still see evidence of abiding bigotry and intolerance, in ugly words and awful violence, in burned churches and bombed buildings.

Just a few days before my second Inauguration, one of country's best known pastors, Reverend Robert Schuller, suggested that I read Isaiah 58:12.

54

14,288

indeed, all the evidence is to the contrary.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

207

1,984

Ronald W. Reagan

200

12,284

indeed, all the evidence is to the contrary.

No one has yet offered such proof;

We should rise above bitterness and reproach, and if Americans could come together in a spirit of understanding and helping, then we could find positive solutions to the tragedy of abortion.

41

10,751

But the struggle is far from over.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

209

2,021

Joseph R. Biden

100

24,700

But the struggle is far from over.

The insurrection was an existential crisis, a test of whether our democracy could survive.

The question of whether our democracy will long endure is both ancient and urgent, as old as our Republic, still vital today.

78

22,043

When Desiline arrived at her polling place, she was told the wait to vote might be 6 hours.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

206

2,013

Barack Obama

100

21,637

When Desiline arrived at her polling place, she was told the wait to vote might be 6 hours.

We should follow the example of a North Miami woman named Desiline Victor.

And as time ticked by, her concern was not with her tired body or aching feet, but whether folks like her would get to have their say.

70

19,388

We know that discrimination against minorities persists despite our allegiance to this ideal.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

1,953

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

3,506

We know that discrimination against minorities persists despite our allegiance to this ideal.

A cardinal ideal in this heritage we cherish is the equality of rights of all citizens of every race and color and creed.

Such discrimination--confined to no one section of the Nation--is but the outward testimony to the persistence of distrust and of fear in the hearts of men.

9

3,432

I've launched this national initiative on race to help us recognize our common interests and to bridge the opportunity gaps that are keeping us from becoming one America.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

1,998

Bill (William J. ) Clinton

100

16,521

I've launched this national initiative on race to help us recognize our common interests and to bridge the opportunity gaps that are keeping us from becoming one America.

We all want our children to grow up in a world where their talents are matched by their opportunities.

Let us begin by recognizing what we still must overcome.

55

14,638

This year, let's all come together , Congress, the White House, and businesses from Wall Street to Main Street , to give every woman the opportunity she deserves.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

202

2,014

Barack Obama

100

21,835

This year, let's all come together , Congress, the White House, and businesses from Wall Street to Main Street , to give every woman the opportunity she deserves.

It's time to do away with workplace policies that belong in a Mad Men episode.

Because I firmly believe when women succeed, America succeeds.

71

19,569

In America, we celebrate faith, we cherish religion, we lift our voices in prayer, and we raise our sights to the glory of God.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

207

2,020

Donald J. Trump

200

24,132

In America, we celebrate faith, we cherish religion, we lift our voices in prayer, and we raise our sights to the glory of God.

We don't muzzle preachers and pastors.

Just as we believe in the First Amendment, we also believe in another constitutional right that is under siege all across our country.

77

21,556

One measure of a truly free society is the vigor with which it protects the liberties of its individual citizens.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,974

Richard M. Nixon

200

8,751

One measure of a truly free society is the vigor with which it protects the liberties of its individual citizens.

And I urge the Congress to act on this legislation in 1974.

As technology has advanced in America, it has increasingly encroached on one of those liberties--what I term the right of personal privacy.

31

8,505

At the very moment our adversaries were certain we would pull apart and fail, we came together.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

209

2,021

Joseph R. Biden

100

24,737

At the very moment our adversaries were certain we would pull apart and fail, we came together.

We have stared into the abyss of insurrection and autocracy, pandemic and pain, and "We the People" did not flinch.

With light and hope, we summoned a new strength, new resolve to position us to win the competition of the 21st century, on our way to a union more perfect, more prosperous, and more just, as one people, one Nation, and one America.

78

22,070

Here is what Tyre's mother shared with me when I spoke to her, when I asked her how she finds the courage to carry on and speak out.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

201

2,023

Joe Biden

100

25,726

Here is what Tyre's mother shared with me when I spoke to her, when I asked her how she finds the courage to carry on and speak out.

Imagine having to worry like that every single time your kid got in a car.

With the faith in God, she said her son was quote, a beautiful soul and something good will come of this.

80

22,857

We also can't reward work and family unless men and women get equal pay for equal work.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

202

2,000

Bill (William J. ) Clinton

100

17,161

We also can't reward work and family unless men and women get equal pay for equal work.

Their children should not be in poverty.

Today, the female unemployment rate is the lowest it has been in 46 years.

57

15,228

The Commission is an important part of the ongoing struggle for justice in America, and we strongly support its reauthorization.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,983

Ronald W. Reagan

200

11,977

The Commission is an important part of the ongoing struggle for justice in America, and we strongly support its reauthorization.

Also in the area of fairness and equity, we will ask for extension of the Civil Rights Commission, which is due to expire this year.

Effective enforcement of our nation's fair housing laws is also essential to ensuring equal opportunity.

40

10,453

Disabled Americans must become full partners in America's opportunity society.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

205

1,989

George H.W. Bush

200

13,523

Disabled Americans must become full partners in America's opportunity society.

We need your talents in America's work force.

To the families of America watching tonight in your living rooms, hold fast to your dreams because ultimately America's future rests in your hands.

46

11,885

But we have to prove them wrong.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

209

2,021

Joseph R. Biden

100

24,712

But we have to prove them wrong.

They look at the images of the mob that assaulted the Capitol as proof that the sun is setting on American democracy.

We have to prove democracy still works, that our Government still works and we can deliver for our people.

78

22,052

We may go at it in campaign season, but surely we can agree that the right to vote is sacred;

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

206

2,015

Barack Obama

100

22,384

We may go at it in campaign season, but surely we can agree that the right to vote is sacred;

That's something that we can share.

that it's being denied to too many -- (applause) -- and that on this 50th anniversary of the great march from Selma to Montgomery and the passage of the Voting Rights Act, we can come together, Democrats and Republicans, to make voting easier for every single American.

72

20,066

The civil rights proposals I made to the 80th Congress, I now repeat to the 81st Congress.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

1,949

Harry S. Truman

100

1,952

The civil rights proposals I made to the 80th Congress, I now repeat to the 81st Congress.

The fulfillment of this promise is among the highest purposes of government.

They should be enacted in order that the Federal Government may assume the leadership and discharge the obligations clearly placed upon it by the Constitution.

4

1,923

We are advancing with unbridled optimism and lifting our citizens of every race, color, religion, and creed very, very high.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

200

2,020

Donald J. Trump

200

23,865

We are advancing with unbridled optimism and lifting our citizens of every race, color, religion, and creed very, very high.

Our agenda is relentlessly pro-worker, pro-family, pro-growth, and, most of all, pro-American. [Applause]

Since my election, we have created 7 million new jobs, 5 million more than Government experts projected during the previous administration.

77

21,325

And while we're doing this, let's get the Paycheck Fairness Act to my desk as well, equal pay.

Civil Rights

2

Civil Rights

202

2,021

Joseph R. Biden

100

24,396

And while we're doing this, let's get the Paycheck Fairness Act to my desk as well, equal pay.

We need to ensure greater equity and opportunity for women.

And if you're wondering whether it's too long, look behind me.

78

21,770

In the advancement of the various activities which will make our civilization endure and flourish, the Federal Government should do more to give official recognition to the importance of the arts and other cultural activities.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,955

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,185

In the advancement of the various activities which will make our civilization endure and flourish, the Federal Government should do more to give official recognition to the importance of the arts and other cultural activities.

Studies will be undertaken to determine the need for measures to ease the readjustment to civilian life of men required to enter the armed forces for two years of service.

I shall recommend the establishment of a Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts within the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to advise the Federal Government on ways to encourage artistic endeavor and appreciation.

11

4,100

I shall recommend the establishment of a Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts within the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to advise the Federal Government on ways to encourage artistic endeavor and appreciation.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,955

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,186

I shall recommend the establishment of a Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts within the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to advise the Federal Government on ways to encourage artistic endeavor and appreciation.

In the advancement of the various activities which will make our civilization endure and flourish, the Federal Government should do more to give official recognition to the importance of the arts and other cultural activities.

I shall also propose that awards of merit be established whereby we can honor our fellow citizens who make great contribution to the advancement of our civilization.

11

4,101

To help promote and honor creative achievements, I will propose a National Foundation on the Arts.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,965

Lyndon B. Johnson

100

6,893

To help promote and honor creative achievements, I will propose a National Foundation on the Arts.

Art and Science We must also recognize and encourage those who can be pathfinders for the Nation's imagination and understanding.

To develop knowledge which will enrich our lives and ensure our progress, I will recommend programs to encourage basic science, particularly in the universities--and to bring closer the day when the oceans will supply our growing need for fresh water.

22

6,739

Our culture lives in every community, and every community has places of historic value that tell our stories as Americans.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,998

Bill (William J. ) Clinton

100

16,542

Our culture lives in every community, and every community has places of historic value that tell our stories as Americans.

This year, Hillary and I launched the White House Millennium Program to promote America's creativity and innovation, and to preserve our heritage and culture into the 21st century.

I am proposing a public-private partnership to advance our arts and humanities, and to celebrate the millennium by saving American's treasures, great and small.

55

14,657

This year, Hillary and I launched the White House Millennium Program to promote America's creativity and innovation, and to preserve our heritage and culture into the 21st century.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,998

Bill (William J. ) Clinton

100

16,541

This year, Hillary and I launched the White House Millennium Program to promote America's creativity and innovation, and to preserve our heritage and culture into the 21st century.

It just happens once every thousand years.

Our culture lives in every community, and every community has places of historic value that tell our stories as Americans.

55

14,656

So instead of cutting back on our modest efforts to support the arts and humanities, I believe we should stand by them and challenge our artists, musicians, and writers -- challenge our museums, libraries and theaters -- we should -- we should challenge all Americans in the arts and humanities to join with our fellow citizens to make the year 2000 a national celebration of the American spirit in every community -- a celebration of our common culture in the century that has passed, and in the new one to come in a new millennium, so that we can remain the world's beacon not only of liberty, but of creativity, long after the fireworks have faded.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,997

Bill (William J. ) Clinton

100

16,063

So instead of cutting back on our modest efforts to support the arts and humanities, I believe we should stand by them and challenge our artists, musicians, and writers -- challenge our museums, libraries and theaters -- we should -- we should challenge all Americans in the arts and humanities to join with our fellow citizens to make the year 2000 a national celebration of the American spirit in every community -- a celebration of our common culture in the century that has passed, and in the new one to come in a new millennium, so that we can remain the world's beacon not only of liberty, but of creativity, long after the fireworks have faded.

But the enduring worth of our nation lies in our shared values and our soaring spirit.

WORLD LEADERSHIP: To prepare America for the 21st century we must master the forces of change in the world and keep American leadership strong and sure for an uncharted time.

54

14,204

Historically, the American people have supported by voluntary contributions more artistic and cultural activities than all the other countries in the world put together.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,981

Ronald W. Reagan

200

10,211

Historically, the American people have supported by voluntary contributions more artistic and cultural activities than all the other countries in the world put together.

They will, however, restore more authority to States and local school districts.

I wholeheartedly support this approach and believe that Americans will continue their generosity.

38

9,915

I wholeheartedly support this approach and believe that Americans will continue their generosity.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,981

Ronald W. Reagan

200

10,212

I wholeheartedly support this approach and believe that Americans will continue their generosity.

Historically, the American people have supported by voluntary contributions more artistic and cultural activities than all the other countries in the world put together.

Therefore, I'm proposing a savings of $85 million in the Federal subsidies now going to the arts and humanities.

38

9,916

I shall also propose that awards of merit be established whereby we can honor our fellow citizens who make great contribution to the advancement of our civilization.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,955

Dwight D. Eisenhower

200

4,187

I shall also propose that awards of merit be established whereby we can honor our fellow citizens who make great contribution to the advancement of our civilization.

I shall recommend the establishment of a Federal Advisory Commission on the Arts within the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to advise the Federal Government on ways to encourage artistic endeavor and appreciation.

Every citizen rightly expects efficient and economical administration of these many government programs I have outlined today.

11

4,102

I am proposing a public-private partnership to advance our arts and humanities, and to celebrate the millennium by saving American's treasures, great and small.

Culture

23

Culture

2,300

1,998

Bill (William J. ) Clinton

100

16,544

I am proposing a public-private partnership to advance our arts and humanities, and to celebrate the millennium by saving American's treasures, great and small.

Our culture lives in every community, and every community has places of historic value that tell our stories as Americans.

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: And while we honor the past, let us imagine the future.

55

14,658

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