Make flashcards on the following [Document(page_content='Inhibitory signalThere are many components to Innate Immunity•The inflammatory response•Phagocytes–Monocytes/granulocytes/neutrophils•Complement•Cytokines, chemokines and anti-microbial peptides (AMPs)•Natural Killer cells•The Hostile Cell!There are many diseases associated with inherited defects in Innate Immunity•Complement –core defects (e.g.C3) linked to development of autoimmune diseases such as lupus•Complement –non-core defects linked to suseptibilityto specific types of pathogens such as Neisseria•Macrophage deficiencies -Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD); No oxidative burst for bacterial killing•Macrophage deficiencies –IRF8 mutations linked to susceptibility to TB•Aicardi–Goutières syndrome associated with constitutive production of inflammatory cytokines•Lack of interferon-responsiveness –sensitivity to viral infection (e.g.COVID-19)Comparison of innate and adaptive immunityINNATEADAPTIVECell typesMacrophages, Neutrophils, DCsLymphocytesSpeedFastSlowMemoryNoYesSpecificityLowHighReceptorsPattern RecognitionIgTCRStrategy of recognitionSmall number of microbial ligands that are highly conserved between pathogens;Germ-line encoded receptors evolved by natural selectionBillions of possible antigens.Receptors generated randomly within individual; cannot be inherited', metadata={}), Document(page_content='Mice lacking B and T cellsMice lacking innate responseADAPTIVEINNATESpecificity?•Adaptive immunity –involves very specific recognition of infectio Provide your response in exactly 2 paragraphs (separated nearby paragraphs with 3 aterisk symbols ***).
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