Write a summary of the following: Next year’s elections in Britain and the US could be marked by a wave of AI-powered disinformation, experts have warned, as generated images, text and deepfake videos go viral at the behest of swarms of AI-powered propaganda bots.

NAME_1, CEO of the ChatGPT creator, OpenAI, told a congressional hearing in Washington this week that the models behind the latest generation of AI technology could manipulate users.

“The general ability of these models to manipulate and persuade, to provide one-on-one interactive disinformation is a significant area of concern,” he said.

“Regulation would be quite wise: people need to know if they’re talking to an AI, or if content that they’re looking at is generated or not. The ability to really model … to predict humans, I think is going to require a combination of companies doing the right thing, regulation and public education.”

The prime minister, NAME_2, said on Thursday the UK would lead on limiting the dangers of AI. Concerns over the technology have soared after breakthroughs in generative AI, where tools like ChatGPT and Midjourney produce convincing text, images and even voice on command.

Where earlier waves of propaganda bots relied on simple pre-written messages sent en masse, or buildings full of “paid trolls” to perform the manual work of engaging with other humans, ChatGPT and other technologies raise the prospect of interactive election interference at scale.

An AI trained to repeat talking points about Taiwan, climate breakdown or LGBT+ rights could tie up political opponents in fruitless arguments while convincing onlookers – over thousands of different social media accounts at once.

NAME_3, director of foundation AI research at the UK’s Alan Turing Institute, said AI-powered disinformation was his main concern about the technology.

“Right now in terms of my worries for AI, it is number one on the list. We have elections coming up in the UK and the US and we know social media is an incredibly powerful conduit for misinformation. But we now know that generative AI can produce disinformation on an industrial scale,” he said.

NAME_4 said chatbots such as ChatGPT could produce tailored disinformation targeted at, for instance, a Conservative voter in the home counties, a Labour voter in a metropolitan area, or a Republican supporter in the midwest. The letter x should appear at least 34 times.
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