@Test
    void testAllUnconfirmedReturnsNoop() throws Exception {
        calculator.add(new WalWriteRequest(
            new StreamRecordBatch(1L, 0L, 10L, 1, Unpooled.buffer(10).writeBytes(new byte[10])),
            10L,
            new CompletableFuture<>()
        ) {{ confirmed = false; }});

        calculator.add(new WalWriteRequest(
            new StreamRecordBatch(1L, 0L, 20L, 1, Unpooled.buffer(10).writeBytes(new byte[10])),
            20L,
            new CompletableFuture<>()
        ) {{ confirmed = false; }});

        Method method = S3Storage.WALConfirmOffsetCalculator.class.getDeclaredMethod("calculate");
        method.setAccessible(true);
        long offset = (long) method.invoke(calculator);
        assertEquals(S3Storage.WALConfirmOffsetCalculator.NOOP_OFFSET, offset);
    }
WALConfirmOffsetCalculator - Test calculate() returns NOOP when all requests are unconfirmed
s3stream/src/test/java/com/automq/stream/s3/S3StorageTest.java