public static void validate(Properties props,
                                Map<?, ?> configuredProps,
                                boolean isRemoteLogStorageSystemEnabled) {
        validateNames(props);
        if (configuredProps == null || configuredProps.isEmpty()) {
            Map<?, ?> valueMaps = CONFIG.parse(props);
            validateValues(valueMaps);
        } else {
            Map<Object, Object> combinedConfigs = new HashMap<>(configuredProps);
            combinedConfigs.putAll(props);
            Map<?, ?> valueMaps = CONFIG.parse(combinedConfigs);
            validateTopicLogConfigValues(valueMaps, isRemoteLogStorageSystemEnabled);
        }
    }
Check that the given properties contain only valid log config names and that all values can be parsed and are valid
storage/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/storage/internals/log/LogConfig.java