text:
997 x ”; that for F2 function is “ y = 0. 0122, a3 = -2, D1 = 0. Objective: To program and plot the curve fitting for cp data of Oxygen and also measure the fitness for the curves and obtain the Perfect Fit using MATLAB. To obtain the parameters, a research curve fitting software for hyperelastic models called Hyperfit [57] was used. Mooney-Rivilin Constants Calculation. Jun 22, 2012 · curve fitting to get overlapping peak areas. 23 x ”; and that for F3 function is “ y = 0. Concluding Remarks. So once you have the engineering stress strain table, you can use curve fit to get the parameters for the material model. Longitudinal data was procured by means of a pull to failure test. This opens in a new …. 9873 3 Matlab -0. 72267 2 ANSYS -0. Where µ and l m are material constants obtained from the curve-fitting procedure and J el is the elastic volume ratio. Double-click this material object to enter editing mode. Total dispalecement …. To find material parameters for hyperelastic …. The MATLAB program utilized the experimental Cauchy stress and stretch data to produce hyperelastic curves that fit the test data. Sigura: Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data, Computational Mechanics 34, 484-502 (2004) Figure 5. 5693 Computational and Experimental Methods in Solid Mechanics A Simplified Description of the Uniaxial Tensile Test Used for Calibrating Constitutive Models of Orthotropic Porous Sheet Metals A simplified description of the uniaxial tensile test. Routines devoted to this task exist on all major finite. Ogden N=2, Ogden N=3, Ogden N=4, Neo-Hooke …. These materials are soft in nature and their stress vs. 5 MPa, D1 = 10 MPa^-1. See full list on comsol. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. Mechanical analysis. This paper aims to implement PSO algorithm in Matlab code in order to determine the material parameters of the hyperelastic incompressible isotropic models using combined tension-torsion test data. MATLAB Answers. 1-2) The toolbox and the kinds of tasks it can perform Opening the Curve Fitting Tool (p. Of course like Peter says, feel free to give some more details and the actual data. 9873 3 Matlab -0. Jul 01, 2009 · The best-fit yielded a 3 = −0. The fit of the data out of the BT was conducted via MATLAB in a least-squares setting for the three hyperelastic material model, introduced in sec. Here you go with all the hyperelastic curve fitting constants: Usually, elastomers show frequency and amplitude dependent behavior and in most cases the stiffness of elastomers will increase with increasing the frequencies. Material testing and hyperelastic material model curve fitting - ScilabTEC 2015. Curve Fitting Curve fitting is the process of constructing a curve, or mathematical functions, which possess the closest proximity to the real series… Read more. Four-parameter fitting LM (constrained), Programmer Sought, the best programmer technical posts sharing site. The Neo-Hookean material model is a hyperelastic material model and is available for 2D, brick, and tetrahedral elements. · Invariant Based Continuum Mechanics …. Contains: -- Finite element formulation of StVenant-Kirchhoff and 2-coefficient …. But I was able to get some improvisation with the maximum load being achieved at 30% strain in this case. Trying to fit a smooth curve through measured data with a "kink" in the graph isn't goiing to work well, whatever type of material model you use. This paper aims to implement PSO algorithm in Matlab code in order to determine the material parameters of the hyperelastic incompressible isotropic models using combined tension-torsion test data. The engineering stress is F/A (A=cross section areas). Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data R. 997 x ”; that for F2 function is “ y = 0. Today we examine an approach to fitting curves to overlapping peaks to deconvolute them so we can estimate the area under each curve. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. Toggle the neo-Hookean property from the hyperelastic section in the toolbox. Objective: To program and plot the curve fitting for cp data of Oxygen and also measure the fitness for the curves and obtain the Perfect Fit using MATLAB. The speciﬁc case is the second …. The unknown coefficients C 1 …. The Invariant based continuum mechanics approach is based on the assumption that for a isotropic, hyperelastic material the strain energy density function can be defined in terms of the Invariants. 1-5) The data must exist as vectors in the MATLAB workspace. The constants, $$C_{ij}$$ and $$D$$, will be determined by curve-fitting measured stress-strain curves to the derivative of the equation. Here you go with all the hyperelastic curve fitting constants: Usually, elastomers show frequency and amplitude dependent behavior and in most cases the stiffness of elastomers will increase with increasing the frequencies. 2 biaxial curve-fitting at 50% of strain rate Table 2. Sigura: Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data, Computational Mechanics 34, 484-502 (2004) Figure 5. 5693 Computational and Experimental Methods in Solid Mechanics A Simplified Description of the Uniaxial Tensile Test Used for Calibrating Constitutive Models of Orthotropic Porous Sheet Metals A simplified description of the uniaxial tensile test. Table 6 lists the data used for each model and the corresponding response values. Finally, accuracies of engineering stress-strain curves reproduction were. By Michael Rackl, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg. A framework for finite element simulation of hyperelastic materials in 3D. This gives the phantom hyperelastic properties and allows it to accurately model tissue. Typical Strecth – Nominal stress curve Introduction: The aim is to determine the deformation of one dot. Application ID: 5886. Constitutive models for hyperelastic materials, such as rubber, foams and certain biological tissues, are usually defined in terms of several constants. Jul 01, 2009 · The best-fit yielded a 3 = −0. Nonlinear hyperelastic and elastoplastic materials are primarily considered at this stage. This paper aims to implement PSO algorithm in Matlab code in order to determine the material parameters of the hyperelastic incompressible isotropic models using combined tension-torsion test data. Also mention the difference between Hosein’s and Hatef’s work – optical flow and ultrasound imaging are being used instead of simple manual tracking – should be much more. Plot the results. Learn more about curve fitting, levenberg-marquardt, ogden hyperelastic model Curve Fitting Toolbox. 1 Clarifying objectives To get a clear view of the objectives they will be broken down into a list. Curve fitting toolbox error "NaN computed Learn more about curve fitting, levenberg-marquardt, ogden hyperelastic model Curve Fitting Toolbox. Hyperelastic material models are regularly used to represent the large deformation We need to find out the coefficients of these material models for a different …. 9 x ”; c) Sectional and top-view images obtained during finite-element method (FEM. The unknown coefficients C 1 …. The experimental force-displacement data were compared to the polynomial. This parameter can be used only with the OGDEN, POLYNOMIAL, and REDUCED. Its because they fit the material original Stress and Strain curve closer than other order of the polynomial. dat from the class web page. AJME Amirkabir University of Technology AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2588-2945 Amirkabir University of Technology 6 10. A framework for finite element simulation of hyperelastic materials in 3D. Objective: To program and plot the curve fitting for cp data of Oxygen and also measure the fitness for the curves and obtain the Perfect Fit using MATLAB. This opens in a new …. Saccomandi, I. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. Estimation of Mooney-Rivlin 2 parameter. The fit of the data out of the BT was conducted via MATLAB in a least-squares setting for the three hyperelastic material model, introduced in sec. The material properties are listed below. Hyperelastic material models are regularly used to represent the large deformation We need to find out the coefficients of these material models for a different …. Four-parameter fitting LM (constrained), Programmer Sought, the best programmer technical posts sharing site. 8 summarizes the usage of commercial finite element analysis programs to solve nonlinear elastic problems, particularly for hyperelastic materials. in that it can be selected for veriable parameters, means 2-parameter model or 3,5,9 parameter models. 1-5) The data must exist as vectors in the MATLAB workspace. The Neo-Hookean material model is a hyperelastic material model and is available for 2D, brick, and tetrahedral elements. See full list on comsol. 5 MPa, D1 = 10 MPa^-1. The corresponding stress strain diagrams and curve fit. The fit of the data out of the BT was conducted via MATLAB in a least-squares setting for the three hyperelastic material model, introduced in sec. This presentation shows how to use the Optimization Module to fit a material model curve to experimental data. In order to estimate the best constant that fits the curve-fit, a program was written, to ensure that the results are as good as possible and the program is created as an optimization solver. Finally, accuracies of engineering stress-strain curves reproduction were. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. Suggested Products. Toggle the neo-Hookean property from the hyperelastic section in the toolbox. clc; clear all; close all; A = readmatrix ('Specimen_mean. Introduction to curve fitting using Matlab - Part 02Mechanical Characterization of Bituminous. Hyperelastic material models are regularly used to represent the large deformation We need to find out the coefficients of these material models for a different …. But I was able to get some …. The N=3 is better for Odgen Hyperelastic Material. where \lambda_1, \lambda_2, and \lambda_3 are the principal stretches; J_{el} is the elastic volume ratio; and \alpha_k, \mu_k, and \beta_k are the Storakers material …. These materials are soft in nature and their stress vs. Application ID: 5886. Contains: -- Finite element formulation of StVenant-Kirchhoff and 2-coefficient …. 1-4) The Curve Fitting Tool is the main toolbox interface. Data Plotting and Curve Fitting in MATLAB Curve Fitting Get the file pwl. Also mention the difference between Hosein’s and Hatef’s work – optical flow and ultrasound imaging are being used instead of simple manual tracking – should be much more. in that it can be selected for veriable parameters, means 2-parameter model or 3,5,9 parameter models. 9 x ”; c) Sectional and top-view images obtained during finite-element method (FEM. This option is not available when user subroutine UHYPER is used to define the hyperelastic material. If satisfactory, proceed with finite element analysis; otherwise, perform corrective measures, and try the fitting procedure again. For cerebral arteries, which present a much stronger viscoelastic component [Bergel et al. In order to estimate the best constant that fits the curve-fit, a program was written, to ensure that the results are as good as possible and the program is created …. The corresponding stress strain diagrams and curve fit. The unknown coefficients C 1 …. You can use linear and nonlinear regression to predict, forecast, and estimate values between observed data points. From MATLAB, type load pwl. 2 for the data fitting of the UT it was necessary to use a suitable initial guess which leads to a good approximation of the material responses for the ET model. strain respons. The simulated tissues were assumed as nonlinear, incompressible, and homogenous isotropic material. which is the effective MATLAB algorithm used to determinate material constants and strain limit ranges in hyperelastic constitutive models of PDMS materials. Concluding Remarks. Saccomandi, I. It is based on the hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin material model example given in the Structural Mechanics users guide. The unknown coefficients C 1 , C 2 , μ p and α p were calculated for each respective model. The MATLAB program utilized the experimental Cauchy stress and stretch data to produce hyperelastic curves that fit the test data. Mechanical analysis. Total dispalecement …. This presentation shows how to use the Optimization Module to fit a material model curve to experimental data. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. Contains: -- Finite element formulation of StVenant-Kirchhoff and 2-coefficient …. Estimation of Mooney-Rivlin 2 parameter. Where µ and l m are material constants obtained from the curve-fitting procedure and J el is the elastic volume ratio. Toggle the neo-Hookean property from the hyperelastic section in the toolbox. The unknown coefficients C 1, C 2, μ p, and α p were calculated for each respective model. Jul 01, 2009 · The best-fit yielded a 3 = −0. strain respons. The Mooney–Rivlin strain energy form of the rubber with. Application ID: 5886. 9873 3 Matlab -0. 1 Clarifying objectives To get a clear view of the objectives they will be broken down into a list. where \lambda_1, \lambda_2, and \lambda_3 are the principal stretches; J_{el} is the elastic volume ratio; and \alpha_k, \mu_k, and \beta_k are the Storakers material …. 2 biaxial curve-fitting at 50% of strain rate Table 2. K 0 / μ 0 + 2. Double-click this material object to enter editing mode. 23 x ”; and that for F3 function is “ y = 0. csv'); Xdata = A (:,1); % stretch [mm/mm] Ydata = A (:,2); % Stress [Pa] The 1,2 and 3 fit very well, though 4 and 5 cannot be fit to the data. The typical Mooney–Rivlin model is used to compare the mechanical properties of the matrix material. 1-2) The toolbox and the kinds of tasks it can perform Opening the Curve Fitting Tool (p. Concluding Remarks. Suggested Products. 2 Biaxial curve fitting Figure 4. Curve Fitting Curve fitting is the process of constructing a curve, or mathematical functions, which possess the closest proximity to the real series… Read more. To find material parameters for hyperelastic …. Large deformation-*HYPERELASTIC Foam crushing- *HYPERFOAM MATLAB (for curve fitting) MATML (future use) ABAQUS input deck Preformatted Ready to use. Linear and Nonlinear Regression. agreement that a study about hyperelastic material method were to be preferred, and later implemented. The quest in this work for a proper match between the …. also executed the curve ﬁtting to determine the parameters by functions of MATLAB® based on nonlinear least squares optimization. The Neo-Hookean material model is a hyperelastic material model and is available for 2D, brick, and tetrahedral elements. dat to load the file into a matrix named pwl. These steps include What Is the Curve Fitting Toolbox? (p. Trying to fit a smooth curve through measured data with a "kink" in the graph isn't goiing to work well, whatever type of material model you use. 9 x ”; c) Sectional and top-view images obtained during finite-element method (FEM. Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data R. Also, on the basis of the curve-fitting analysis it was decided which of the six considered hyperelastic models, i. The corresponding stress strain diagrams and curve fit. In order to estimate the best constant that fits the curve-fit, a program was written, to ensure that the results are as good as possible and the program is created …. What i did was to use the multistart to find the X0 values and then used those X0 in curve fitting toolbox to fit the hyperelastic models using the levenberg …. Mooney-Rivlin Curve Fit. Total dispalecement (in [um]) in case of modified boundary load Figure 3. USING MATLAB SCRIPTS One very powerful yet simple way to utilize Matlab is to use. enough amount of data is used to fit the curve, the results will converge and correctly match the input data. Mooney-Rivilin Constants Calculation. This opens in a new …. The unknown coefficients C 1 , C 2 , μ p and α p were calculated for each respective model. This presentation shows how to use the Optimization Module to fit a material model curve to experimental data. The estimated Mooney constants are obtained at minimized RMS value from MATLAB OPTIM tool. Double-click this material object to enter editing mode. Importing the Data (p. Nonlinear hyperelastic and elastoplastic materials are primarily considered at this stage. to find the mooney rivlin constants curve fitting method can be used. 9873 3 Matlab -0. 23 x ”; and that for F3 function is “ y = 0. Set MODULI = LONG TERM to indicate that the hyperelastic material constants define the long-term behavior. The Mooney–Rivlin strain energy form of the rubber with. Application ID: 5886. The tensile stress and strain were calculated using the force and displacement measured in the tests as functions of time. Sep 09, 2021 · b) Force–current curves for H1 values of 200, 300, and 500 µm and corresponding fitting curves. The constants, $$C_{ij}$$ and $$D$$, will be determined by curve-fitting measured stress-strain curves to the derivative of the equation. Curve fitting tool in …. These steps include What Is the Curve Fitting Toolbox? (p. See full list on comsol. Curve fitting tool in MATLAB R2018a, using the non. to get this we require experimental data. Sigura: Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data, Computational Mechanics 34, 484-502 (2004) Figure 5. Section 9 presents curve-fitting methods to identify hyperelastic material parameters using test data. The video below shows how to do it. The unknown coefficients C 1 …. · Invariant Based Continuum Mechanics …. Nonlinear hyperelastic and elastoplastic materials are primarily considered at this stage. Mooney-Rivilin Constants Calculation. This ratio can also be expressed in terms of Poisson's ratio, ν ν , since. Estimation of Mooney-Rivlin 2 parameter. What i did was to use the multistart to find the X0 values and then used those X0 in curve fitting toolbox to fit the hyperelastic models using the levenberg …. But I was able to get some improvisation with the maximum load being achieved at 30% strain in this case. The video below shows how to do it. To minimize the errors of the program and also to know the closeness of the stress-strain curve with the expected constants an RMS function is created and applied for. AJME Amirkabir University of Technology AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2588-2945 Amirkabir University of Technology 6 10. The MATLAB program utilized the experimental Cauchy stress and stretch data to produce hyperelastic curves that fit the test data. This ratio can also be expressed in terms of Poisson's ratio, ν ν , since. Objective: To program and plot the curve fitting for cp data of Oxygen and also measure the fitness for the curves and obtain the Perfect Fit using MATLAB. 01 MPa, a2 = 4. The speciﬁc case is the second order Ogden model, ﬁnding the appropriate four parameters causes diﬃculties because of the highly nonlinearity of the models function. The corresponding stress strain diagrams and curve fit. Double-click this material object to enter editing mode. to find the mooney rivlin constants curve fitting method can be used. Sigura: Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data, Computational Mechanics 34, 484-502 (2004) Figure 5. Section 9 presents curve-fitting methods to identify hyperelastic material parameters using test data. The unknown coefficients C 1, C 2, μ p, and α p were calculated for each respective model. To compare the two data, the computational data were represented by a polynomial equation determined from a standard least-squares curve-fitting module, Polyfit, in MatLab 7. See full list on comsol. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. 69 MPa, a1 = 1. If you really want to use the measured data "as is", try a material model where the stress-strain curve is just a series of straight line segments interpolated between the data points. 9 x ”; c) Sectional and top-view images obtained during finite-element method (FEM. enough amount of data is used to fit the curve, the results will converge and correctly match the input data. 1-4) The Curve Fitting Tool is the main toolbox interface. Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data R. The fitting curve is shown in Figure 2. 2:5)'; y = 2*exp(-0. A framework for finite element simulation of hyperelastic materials in 3D. In order to estimate the best constant that fits the curve-fit, a program was written, to ensure that the results are as good as possible and the program is created …. The Hariton model yields a peak. Application ID: 5886. in that it can be selected for veriable parameters, means 2-parameter model or 3,5,9 parameter models. 23 x ”; and that for F3 function is “ y = 0. Curve fitting tool in …. Saccomandi, I. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. See full list on comsol. To compare the two data, the computational data were represented by a polynomial equation determined from a standard least-squares curve-fitting module, Polyfit, in MatLab 7. Two-terms Yeoh model curve fitting for rubber matrix The determined values of í µí°µ 10 and í µí°µ 20 were substituted into the constitutive relation for the CRC expressed by equation. 0122, a3 = -2, D1 = 0. Today we examine an approach to fitting curves to overlapping peaks to deconvolute them so we can estimate the area under each curve. Download NLIGA for free. A framework for finite element simulation of hyperelastic materials in 3D. 2 for the data fitting of the UT it was necessary to use a suitable initial guess which leads to a good approximation of the material responses for the ET model. An Isotropic Hyperelastic Model of Esophagus Tissue Layers along with three- an interactive coding between MATLAB and ABAQUS software have been developed to …. In order to be able to access mechanical stress and strain within the silicone, a hyperelastic material model formulation was chosen. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. Sgura Abstract This paper is concerned with determining material parameters in …. The unknown coefficients C 1, C 2, μ p, and α p were calculated for each respective model. Fit hyperelastic constants to the test data. The quest in this work for a proper match between the …. NO ESTIMATION CONSTANT C10 C01 1 Least Square Fit -0. See full list on comsol. Total dispalecement (in [um]) in case of modified boundary load Figure 3. These steps include What Is the Curve Fitting Toolbox? (p. But I was able to get some improvisation with the maximum load being achieved at 30% strain in this case. also executed the curve ﬁtting to determine the parameters by functions of MATLAB® based on nonlinear least squares optimization. Objective: To program and plot the curve fitting for cp data of Oxygen and also measure the fitness for the curves and obtain the Perfect Fit using MATLAB. 2:5)'; y = 2*exp(-0. The Ogden model with three terms is a …. 2 biaxial curve-fitting at 50% of strain rate Table 2. The MATLAB program utilized the experimental Cauchy stress and stretch data to produce hyperelastic curves that fit the test data. Here you go with all the hyperelastic curve fitting constants: Usually, elastomers show frequency and amplitude dependent behavior and in most cases the stiffness of elastomers will increase with increasing the frequencies. Constitutive models for hyperelastic materials, such as rubber, foams and certain biological tissues, are usually defined in terms of several constants. An Isotropic Hyperelastic Model of Esophagus Tissue Layers along with three- an interactive coding between MATLAB and ABAQUS software have been developed to …. this case and applied to rve of heterogeneous, finite element simulation of tensile test using matlab and abaqus interactively arash jenab i am briefly showing a demo of a code i have developed in order to run abaqus simulations within matlab environment using my graphical user interface gui which makes it much easier to redo multiple tasks or. In order to estimate the constants that best fits the curve-fit, a program was written in MATLAB optimization solver which inputs experimental stress-strain data …. also executed the curve ﬁtting to determine the parameters by functions of MATLAB® based on nonlinear least squares optimization. For cerebral arteries, which present a much stronger viscoelastic component [Bergel et al. From MATLAB, type load pwl. 9873 3 Matlab -0. dat to load the file into a matrix named pwl. 69 MPa, a1 = 1. Uniaxial and equibiaxial stress computed by fitting model parameters to only uniaxial measured data. But I was able to get some improvisation with the maximum load being achieved at 30% strain in this case. A unified framework, NLIGA (Non-Linear Isogeometric Analysis), is developed for mainly solving two and three-dimensional nonlinear problems on the MATLAB platform by using isogeometric analysis (IGA). Of course like Peter says, feel free to give some more details and the actual data. which is the effective MATLAB algorithm used to determinate material constants and strain limit ranges in hyperelastic constitutive models of PDMS materials. In order to estimate the constants that best fits the curve-fit, a program was written in MATLAB optimization solver which inputs experimental stress-strain data and constraints. The data file is attached so you can simply use the custom equation, use the above analytical functions, in the curve fitting toolbox. The Ogden model with three terms is a …. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. 0122, a3 = -2, D1 = 0. This ratio can also be expressed in terms of Poisson's ratio, ν ν , since. enough amount of data is used to fit the curve, the results will converge and correctly match the input data. Concluding Remarks. The number of terms in the expansion is determined by the application's accuracy requirements. HyperFit is a software package developed under Matlab ® whose objective is simplifying the choice of an hyperelastic model and the determi nation of its constants for a particular mat erial. See full list on comsol. To run a script, rst make sure it ends in. But I was able to get some …. From MATLAB, type load pwl. 5 MPa, D1 = 10 MPa^-1. 69 MPa, a1 = 1. Of course like Peter says, feel free to give some more details and the actual data. The typical Mooney–Rivlin model is used to compare the mechanical properties of the matrix material. 01 MPa, a2 = 4. Toggle the neo-Hookean property from the hyperelastic section in the toolbox. See full list on comsol. If satisfactory, proceed with finite element analysis; otherwise, perform corrective measures, and try the fitting procedure again. csv'); Xdata = A (:,1); % stretch [mm/mm] Ydata = A (:,2); % Stress [Pa] The 1,2 and 3 fit very well, though 4 and 5 cannot be fit to the data. also executed the curve ﬁtting to determine the parameters by functions of MATLAB® based on nonlinear least squares optimization. to find the mooney rivlin constants curve fitting method can be used. The Ogden model with three terms is a …. m and resides in your matlab directory and then simply type the name at the prompt (without the. This opens in a new …. What i did was to use the multistart to find the X0 values and then used those X0 in curve fitting toolbox to fit the hyperelastic models using the levenberg …. Using the data fitting module of the ABAQUS hyperelastic part, considering the compressibility, Poisson’s ratio of the rubber is set to 0. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data R. Longitudinal data was procured by means of a pull to failure test. 2 biaxial curve-fitting at 50% of strain rate Table 2. Curve fitting toolbox error "NaN computed Learn more about curve fitting, levenberg-marquardt, ogden hyperelastic model Curve Fitting Toolbox. Mooney-Rivilin Constants Calculation. to find the mooney rivlin constants curve fitting method can be used. The material parameters of each case were selected to have about the same initial tangent modulus and adequate curve fitting compared to the circumferential stress-strain curve of the analysis of Demiray and Vito (Fig. 9 x ”; c) Sectional and top-view images obtained during finite-element method (FEM. The corresponding stress strain diagrams and curve fit. In order to estimate the best constant that fits the curve-fit, a program was written, to ensure that the results are as good as possible and the program is created as an optimization solver. enough amount of data is used to fit the curve, the results will converge and correctly match the input data. with this it can observe that the which parameter model is suitable for the model and we can directly get the model constants. Estimation of Mooney-Rivlin 2 parameter. In order to estimate the constants that best fits the curve-fit, a program was written in MATLAB optimization solver which inputs experimental stress-strain data …. These steps include What Is the Curve Fitting Toolbox? (p. 1-4) The Curve Fitting Tool is the main toolbox interface. The Mooney–Rivlin strain energy form of the rubber with. This ratio can also be expressed in terms of Poisson's ratio, ν ν , since. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. dat from the class web page. Objective: To program and plot the curve fitting for cp data of Oxygen and also measure the fitness for the curves and obtain the Perfect Fit using MATLAB. Here you go with all the hyperelastic curve fitting constants: Usually, elastomers show frequency and amplitude dependent behavior and in most cases the stiffness of elastomers will increase with increasing the frequencies. Note: use of optical flow and Matlab in analyzing the data from the images. When the parameters are defined, the stress-strain curve of the corresponding model can be seen in the graph window. Longitudinal analysis. Toggle the neo-Hookean property from the hyperelastic section in the toolbox. Generate data with an exponential trend, and then fit the data using the first equation in the curve fitting library of exponential models (a single-term exponential). Uniaxial and equibiaxial stress computed by fitting model parameters to only uniaxial measured data. John Kitchin. Open source Matlab code for nonlinear isogeometric analysis. To minimize the errors of the program and also to know the closeness of the stress-strain curve with the expected constants an RMS function is created and applied for. This option is not available when user subroutine UHYPER is used to define the hyperelastic material. K 0 / μ 0 + 2. AJME Amirkabir University of Technology AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2588-2945 Amirkabir University of Technology 6 10. Mechanical analysis. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. Introduction to curve fitting using Matlab - Part 02Mechanical Characterization of Bituminous. To obtain the parameters, a research curve fitting software for hyperelastic models called Hyperfit [57] was used. Where µ and l m are material constants obtained from the curve-fitting procedure and J el is the elastic volume ratio. This software was developed under a MATLAB …. Two-terms Yeoh model curve fitting for rubber matrix The determined values of í µí°µ 10 and í µí°µ 20 were substituted into the constitutive relation for the CRC expressed by equation. An Isotropic Hyperelastic Model of Esophagus Tissue Layers along with three- an interactive coding between MATLAB and ABAQUS software have been developed to …. The 4 gives the error "NaN computed by model function, fitting cannot continue" and the 5 gives the message "Fit computation did not converge". 0062 (mm −1) and b 3 = 0. Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data R. Note: use of optical flow and Matlab in analyzing the data from the images. Today we examine an approach to fitting curves to overlapping peaks to deconvolute them so we can estimate the area under each curve. For cerebral arteries, which present a much stronger viscoelastic component [Bergel et al. 2 for the data fitting of the UT it was necessary to use a suitable initial guess which leads to a good approximation of the material responses for the ET model. Total dispalecement …. Application ID: 5886. 5693 Computational and Experimental Methods in Solid Mechanics A Simplified Description of the Uniaxial Tensile Test Used for Calibrating Constitutive Models of Orthotropic Porous Sheet Metals A simplified description of the uniaxial tensile test. Objective: To program and plot the curve fitting for cp data of Oxygen and also measure the fitness for the curves and obtain the Perfect Fit using MATLAB. The speciﬁc case is the second …. Regression is a method of estimating the relationship between a response (output) variable and one or more predictor (input) variables. in that it can be selected for veriable parameters, means 2-parameter model or 3,5,9 parameter models. Click the Curve Fit button on the Element Material Specification dialog to use the Curve Fitting routine. In order to estimate the constants that best fits the curve-fit, a program was written in MATLAB optimization solver which inputs experimental stress-strain data and constraints. This opens in a new …. As was obtained in Sect. Saccomandi, I. The tensile stress and strain were calculated using the force and displacement measured in the tests as functions of time. 9 x ”; c) Sectional and top-view images obtained during finite-element method (FEM. Using the data fitting module of the ABAQUS hyperelastic part, considering the compressibility, Poisson’s ratio of the rubber is set to 0. csv'); Xdata = A (:,1); % stretch [mm/mm] Ydata = A (:,2); % Stress [Pa] The 1,2 and 3 fit very well, though 4 and 5 cannot be fit to the data. Ogden N=2, Ogden N=3, Ogden N=4, Neo-Hooke …. See full list on comsol. The fitting curve is shown in Figure 2. 72267 2 ANSYS -0. Select Ogden 3rd order hyperelastic material and input parameters u1 = 0. Curve fitting toolbox error "NaN computed Learn more about curve fitting, levenberg-marquardt, ogden hyperelastic model Curve Fitting Toolbox. csv'); Xdata = A (:,1); % stretch [mm/mm] Ydata = A (:,2); % Stress [Pa] The 1,2 and 3 fit very well, though 4 and 5 cannot be fit to the data. agreement that a study about hyperelastic material method were to be preferred, and later implemented. Ogden N=2, Ogden N=3, Ogden N=4, Neo-Hooke, Yeoh and Mooney–Rivlin, was taken into account in the further visco-hyperelastic law formulation. See full list on comsol. To obtain the parameters, a research curve fitting software for hyperelastic models called Hyperfit [57] was used. The experimental force-displacement data were compared to the polynomial. Two-terms Yeoh model curve fitting for rubber matrix The determined values of í µí°µ 10 and í µí°µ 20 were substituted into the constitutive relation for the CRC …. 9873 3 Matlab -0. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. The adopted method consists of reproducing trends of load force (N) and torque (M) of selected models using a solid circular cylinder’s large deformations. Plot the results. The unknown coefficients C 1 , C 2 , μ p and α p were calculated for each respective model. NO ESTIMATION CONSTANT C10 C01 1 Least Square Fit -0. 999 in all curve fittings. Contains: -- Finite element formulation of StVenant-Kirchhoff and 2-coefficient …. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. The MATLAB program utilized the experimental Cauchy stress and stretch data to produce hyperelastic curves that fit the test data. Table 6 lists the data used for each model and the corresponding response values. The fit of the data out of the BT was conducted via MATLAB in a least-squares setting for the three hyperelastic material model, introduced in sec. 997 x ”; that for F2 function is “ y = 0. on the hyperelastic theory are discussed and compared to investigate the accuracy of the simulations in esophagus tissue mechanics. with this it can observe that the which parameter model is suitable for the model and we can directly get the model constants. See full list on comsol. As was obtained in Sect. 5693 Computational and Experimental Methods in Solid Mechanics A Simplified Description of the Uniaxial Tensile Test Used for Calibrating Constitutive Models of Orthotropic Porous Sheet Metals A simplified description of the uniaxial tensile test. AJME Amirkabir University of Technology AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2588-2945 Amirkabir University of Technology 6 10. The speciﬁc case is the second order Ogden model, ﬁnding the appropriate four parameters causes diﬃculties because of the highly nonlinearity of the models function. Material testing and hyperelastic material model curve fitting - ScilabTEC 2015. Also mention the difference between Hosein’s and Hatef’s work – optical flow and ultrasound imaging are being used instead of simple manual tracking – should be much more. 72267 2 ANSYS -0. Create a new material. The unknown coefficients C 1, C 2, μ p, and α p were calculated for each respective model. Toggle Sub Navigation. clc; clear all; close all; A = readmatrix ('Specimen_mean. 2 Biaxial curve fitting Figure 4. 1-5) The data must exist as vectors in the MATLAB workspace. The experimental force-displacement data were compared to the polynomial. Trying to fit a smooth curve through measured data with a "kink" in the graph isn't goiing to work well, whatever type of material model you use. Routines devoted to this task exist on all major finite. Mooney-Rivlin Curve Fit. The MATLAB program utilized the experimental Cauchy stress and stretch data to produce hyperelastic curves that fit the test data. 1 MPa ^ -1, D2 = 0. Also mention the difference between Hosein’s and Hatef’s work – optical flow and ultrasound imaging are being used instead of simple manual tracking – should be much more. Curve for F1 function is “ y = 0. 5693 Computational and Experimental Methods in Solid Mechanics A Simplified Description of the Uniaxial Tensile Test Used for Calibrating Constitutive Models of Orthotropic Porous Sheet Metals A simplified description of the uniaxial tensile test. This presentation shows how to use the Optimization Module to fit a material model curve to experimental data. The fitting curve is shown in Figure 2. The unknown coefficients C 1, C 2, μ p, and α p were calculated for each respective model. Its because they fit the material original Stress and Strain curve closer than other order of the polynomial. The quest in this work for a proper match between the …. As was obtained in Sect. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. Nonlinear hyperelastic and elastoplastic materials are primarily considered at this stage. USING MATLAB SCRIPTS One very powerful yet simple way to utilize Matlab is to use. to get this we require experimental data. The data file is attached so you can simply use the custom equation, use the above analytical functions, in the curve fitting toolbox. See full list on comsol. 16 (R 2 = 0. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. The speciﬁc case is the second …. The Mooney–Rivlin strain energy form of the rubber with. Ogden N=2, Ogden N=3, Ogden N=4, Neo-Hooke, Yeoh and Mooney–Rivlin, was taken into account in the further visco-hyperelastic law formulation. An Isotropic Hyperelastic Model of Esophagus Tissue Layers along with three- an interactive coding between MATLAB and ABAQUS software have been developed to …. The unknown coefficients C 1 , C 2 , μ p and α p were calculated for each respective model. Longitudinal analysis. These materials are soft in nature and their stress vs. Toggle Sub Navigation. Set MODULI = LONG TERM to indicate that the hyperelastic material constants define the long-term behavior. clc; clear all; close all; A = readmatrix ('Specimen_mean. which is the effective MATLAB algorithm used to determinate material constants and strain limit ranges in hyperelastic constitutive models of PDMS materials. The Ogden model with three terms is a …. csv'); Xdata = A (:,1); % stretch [mm/mm] Ydata = A (:,2); % Stress [Pa] The 1,2 and 3 fit very well, though 4 and 5 cannot be fit to the data. Here you go with all the hyperelastic curve fitting constants: Usually, elastomers show frequency and amplitude dependent behavior and in most cases the stiffness of elastomers will increase with increasing the frequencies. See full list on comsol. The unknown coefficients C 1 …. Click the Curve Fit button on the Element Material Specification dialog to use the Curve Fitting routine. The corresponding stress strain diagrams and curve fit. The MATLAB program utilized the experimental Cauchy stress and stretch data to produce hyperelastic curves that fit the test data. Hyperelastic material models are regularly used to represent the large deformation We need to find out the coefficients of these material models for a different …. 23 x ”; and that for F3 function is “ y = 0. dat to load the file into a matrix named pwl. 1 (The MathWorks, Natick, MA), in which the R 2 values exceeded 0. Saccomandi, I. this case and applied to rve of heterogeneous, finite element simulation of tensile test using matlab and abaqus interactively arash jenab i am briefly showing a demo of a code i have developed in order to run abaqus simulations within matlab environment using my graphical user interface gui which makes it much easier to redo multiple tasks or. This software was developed under a MATLAB …. Material testing and hyperelastic material model curve fitting - ScilabTEC 2015. Trying to fit a smooth curve through measured data with a "kink" in the graph isn't goiing to work well, whatever type of material model you use. The N=3 is better for Odgen Hyperelastic Material. 72267 2 ANSYS -0. also executed the curve ﬁtting to determine the parameters by functions of MATLAB® based on nonlinear least squares optimization. Check correlation between the numerical results from hyperelastic model and test data. 2:5)'; y = 2*exp(-0. This is an ASCII text file containing two columns of numbers representing the x and y coordinates of a dataset. This paper aims to implement PSO algorithm in Matlab code in order to determine the material parameters of the hyperelastic incompressible isotropic models using combined tension-torsion test data. 8 summarizes the usage of commercial finite element analysis programs to solve nonlinear elastic problems, particularly for hyperelastic materials. 1 MPa ^ -1, D3 = 0. By Michael Rackl, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg. Curve Fitting Curve fitting is the process of constructing a curve, or mathematical functions, which possess the closest proximity to the real series… Read more. Practical Finite Element AnalysisIntroduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB® and AbaqusWhat Every Engineer Should Know about Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition,Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and ArraysFinite Element Analysis of. By means of a non-linear curve fitting procedure, stress-strain test data can be used to evaluate those constants for a given model. Routines devoted to this task exist on all major finite. 9 x ”; c) Sectional and top-view images obtained during finite-element method (FEM. Total dispalecement (in [um]) in case of modified boundary load Figure 3. Learn more about curve fitting, levenberg-marquardt, ogden hyperelastic model Curve Fitting Toolbox. This software was developed under a MATLAB …. Sgura Abstract This paper is concerned with determining material parameters in …. The 4 gives the error "NaN computed by model function, fitting cannot continue" and the 5 gives the message "Fit computation did not converge". After comparison, we can Say N=2 is better For Mooney–Rivlin Hyperelastic material. This gives the phantom hyperelastic properties and allows it to accurately model tissue. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. The adopted method consists of reproducing trends of load force (N) and torque (M) of selected models using a solid circular cylinder’s large deformations. As was obtained in Sect. The curve fitting tool in ABAQUS unlike Matlab doesnt allow user to customize limits to which the values need to be restricted. AJME Amirkabir University of Technology AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2588-2945 Amirkabir University of Technology 6 10. Uniaxial and equibiaxial stress computed by fitting model parameters to only uniaxial measured data. Jul 01, 2009 · The best-fit yielded a 3 = −0. For cerebral arteries, which present a much stronger viscoelastic component [Bergel et al. Toggle the neo-Hookean property from the hyperelastic section in the toolbox. Two-terms Yeoh model curve fitting for rubber matrix The determined values of í µí°µ 10 and í µí°µ 20 were substituted into the constitutive relation for the CRC expressed by equation. The corresponding stress strain diagrams and curve fit. The simplest hyperelastic models with one or two parameters will probably not be sufficient to fit the experimental data. This presentation shows how to use the Optimization Module to fit a material model curve to experimental data. Sep 09, 2021 · b) Force–current curves for H1 values of 200, 300, and 500 µm and corresponding fitting curves. · Invariant Based Continuum Mechanics Approach. to get this we require experimental data. Of course like Peter says, feel free to give some more details and the actual data. Longitudinal analysis. This paper aims to implement PSO algorithm in Matlab code in order to determine the material parameters of the hyperelastic incompressible isotropic models using combined tension-torsion test data. 1 (The MathWorks, Natick, MA), in which the R 2 values exceeded 0. Two-terms Yeoh model curve fitting for rubber matrix The determined values of í µí°µ 10 and í µí°µ 20 were substituted into the constitutive relation for the CRC …. What i did was to use the multistart to find the X0 values and then used those X0 in curve fitting toolbox to fit the hyperelastic models using the levenberg …. 9 x ”; c) Sectional and top-view images obtained during finite-element method (FEM. with this it can observe that the which parameter model is suitable for the model and we can directly get the model constants. This opens in a new …. Trying to fit a smooth curve through measured data with a "kink" in the graph isn't goiing to work well, whatever type of material model you use. Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data R. NO ESTIMATION CONSTANT C10 C01 1 Least Square Fit -0. The Neo-Hookean material model is a hyperelastic material model and is available for 2D, brick, and tetrahedral elements. Toggle the neo-Hookean property from the hyperelastic section in the toolbox. When the parameters are defined, the stress-strain curve of the corresponding model can be seen in the graph window. The unknown coefficients C 1, C 2, μ p, and α p were calculated for each respective model. Estimation of Mooney-Rivlin 2 parameter. Linear and Nonlinear Regression. This software was developed under a MATLAB …. The curve fitting tool in ABAQUS unlike Matlab doesnt allow user to customize limits to which the values need to be restricted. In order to estimate the best constant that fits the curve-fit, a program was written, to ensure that the results are as good as possible and the program is created …. 9873 3 Matlab -0. Hyperelastic materials undergo deformations with no or negligible plastic deformation. MATLAB Answers. 23 x ”; and that for F3 function is “ y = 0. Three phenomenological hyperelastic material model formulations (Ogden, Polynomial, Yeoh) were preselected from literature and had to be fitted to closely match previously measured stress-stretch curves from axial compression/tension as well as simple shear measurements. By Michael Rackl, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg. To run a script, rst make sure it ends in. Hyperelastic materials undergo deformations with no or negligible plastic deformation. The corresponding stress strain diagrams and curve fit. To compare the two data, the computational data were represented by a polynomial equation determined from a standard least-squares curve-fitting module, Polyfit, in MatLab 7. Section 9 presents curve-fitting methods to identify hyperelastic material parameters using test data. to find the mooney rivlin constants curve fitting method can be used. 1 MPa ^ -1, D3 = 0. This paper aims to implement PSO algorithm in Matlab code in order to determine the material parameters of the hyperelastic incompressible isotropic models using combined tension-torsion test data. At first, the experimental FRFs of the metal parts are obtained by implementing impact hammer test. Saccomandi, I. Ogden N=2, Ogden N=3, Ogden N=4, Neo-Hooke …. Double-click this material object to enter editing mode. The adopted method consists of reproducing trends of load force (N) and torque (M) of selected models using a solid circular cylinder’s large deformations. Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data R. Today we examine an approach to fitting curves to overlapping peaks to deconvolute them so we can estimate the area under each curve. In order to be able to access mechanical stress and strain within the silicone, a hyperelastic material model formulation was chosen. The unknown coefficients C 1, C 2, μ p, and α p were calculated for each respective model. From this prompt you can execute any of the Matlab commands or run a Matlab script. Mooney-Rivilin Constants Calculation. This option is not available when user subroutine UHYPER is used to define the hyperelastic material. 9873 3 Matlab -0. 72267 2 ANSYS -0. The unknown coefficients C 1 , C 2 , μ p and α p were calculated for each respective model. 9873 3 Matlab -0. In order to estimate the constants that best fits the curve-fit, a program was written in MATLAB optimization solver which inputs experimental stress-strain data and constraints. x Look at the hyperelastic material methods x Get an understanding about the different methods. Application ID: 5886. Import the rubber blade geometry, mesh it, and apply 5e-3 MPa positive pressure on the side. MATLAB Answers. The tensile stress and strain were calculated using the force and displacement measured in the tests as functions of time. Nonlinear hyperelastic and elastoplastic materials are primarily considered at this stage. The estimated Mooney constants are obtained at minimized RMS value from MATLAB OPTIM tool. It is based on the hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin material model example given in the Structural Mechanics users guide. Generate data with an exponential trend, and then fit the data using the first equation in the curve fitting library of exponential models (a single-term exponential). See full list on comsol. Mooney-Rivilin Constants Calculation. These constitutive models compose of Neo-Hookean, Yeoh, Mooney-Rivlin, and Ogden. For cerebral arteries, which present a much stronger viscoelastic component [Bergel et al. Plot the results. where \lambda_1, \lambda_2, and \lambda_3 are the principal stretches; J_{el} is the elastic volume ratio; and \alpha_k, \mu_k, and \beta_k are the Storakers material …. Suggested Products. 0122, a3 = -2, D1 = 0. in that it can be selected for veriable parameters, means ….
,


text:
## Shiny Pedon Summary: Loafercreek & Gopheridge demo

### Andrew G. Brown | 2020/08/03

Categories: R shiny aqp flexdashboard Tags: demonstrations

This is the Shiny “flexdashboard” version of the “pedon summary report” originally developed by Dylan Beaudette. I have developed and refined this dashboard periodically over several years. I developed it initially as a very simple interface to semi-automate viewing profile sketches and report generation based on mapunit, series name and taxon kind.

https://brownag.shinyapps.io/ShinyPedonSummary/

This tool has been part of the ncss-tech soilReports package for a while now, but recent revisions improve efficiency and produce static output matching the original report Dylan developed.

Unfortunately, the “Export Report” button does nothing on the web-based demo, so if you are interested in that – you will need to set up R and soilReports to try it out ;)

The Shiny dashboard, implemented with the flexdashboard package, is a shiny runtime output type that allows me to easily add markup for tabbed views, the left-hand “Input” pane, etc. These features allow the user to perform arbitrary filtering of the input pedon data on a variety of common attributes (mapunit symbol by overlay with input shapefile, taxon name, local phase, taxon kind, User Pedon ID). Typically, the report is run on a machine with a local NASIS database containing (potentially many) pedon descriptions. The filtering allows smaller relevant sets of data to be grouped together. In principle any sort of geographic boundary could be used as the input shapefile, but it is often practical to use SSURGO MUSYMs as strata.

Quantitative summaries of horizon morphologic data (clay, sand, fragments etc.) are using quantiles and defined probability levels for low-RV-high. The default values are 0.05, 0.5 (median) and 0.95 – which conceptually excludes 5% on each “tail” of the data.

Tabs make quickly switching through attributes and graphical output easy. Regular expression-driven filtering ensures you can make many combinations and exclusions to get your data filtered the way you need.

Dylan’s function prepares a variety of tabular and graphical data from an input aqp SoilProfileCollection – typically from NASIS pedons. The individual outputs from the summary function (elements of a list) are the “tabs” in the dashboard and the sections within the static report. In the demo hosted on shinyapps.io, I have combined two common datasets from the soilDB package (loafergopher: loafercreek + gopheridge??) to provide several series and components worth of information to “sift” through in the demo of the report.

There are a couple drop-down boxes that will allow you to change the thematic attribute and modal pedon. These add helpful visualizations and additional tabular output for comparing pedons across multiple attributes and/or selecting component pedons.

The README provides a very brief description of what the different parts of the interface are and a walk through of usage.

https://github.com/ncss-tech/soilReports/tree/master/inst/reports/region2/shiny-pedon-summary

But, if that does not answer your questions, or you have ideas/requests, check out the soilReports issues page on GitHub: https://github.com/ncss-tech/soilReports/issues

format: plain


text:
Find the mean and variance for the data

 $$x_i$$ 6 10 14 18 24 28 30 $$f_i$$ 2 4 7 12 8 4 3

Asked by Abhisek | 1 year ago |  94

##### Solution :-

$$Mean , \overline{X} = \dfrac{\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^{7} f_i x_i}{N}$$

$$N= \displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^{n} f_i$$

$$\overline{X}$$ = $$\dfrac{760}{40}$$

= 19

Now, Variance

$$σ^2=\dfrac{1}{N} \displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^{7} f_i (X_i-\overline {X} )^2$$

$$\dfrac{1}{40}\times 1736$$

= 43.4

Answered by Abhisek | 1 year ago

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text:
TextEditor

# TextEditor¶

class TextEditor
Syntax:

e = h.TextEditor()

e = h.TextEditor(string)

e = h.TextEditor(string, rows, columns)

Description:
For editing or displaying multiline text. Default is 5 rows, 30 columns.

Warning

At this time no scroll bars or even much functionality. Mouse editing and emacs style works.

TextEditor.text()
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string = e.text(string)

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TextEditor.readonly()
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Returns True if the TextEditor in read only mode. Returns False if text entry by the user is allowed. Change the mode with the argument form using False (or 0) or True (or 1).

Prior to NEURON 7.6, this method returned 0 or 1 instead of False or True.

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text:
Lemma 76.6.3. Let $Y$ be an algebraic space over a scheme $S$. Let $g : X' \to X$ be an étale morphism of algebraic spaces over $Y$. Assume the structure morphisms $X' \to Y$ and $X \to Y$ are decent and of finite type. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a finite type, quasi-coherent $\mathcal{O}_ X$-module. Let $y \in |Y|$. Set $F = f^{-1}(\{ y\} ) \subset |X|$.

1. If $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F}) \subset g(|X'|)$ and $g^*\mathcal{F}$ is (universally) pure above $y$, then $\mathcal{F}$ is (universally) pure above $y$.

2. If $\mathcal{F}$ is pure above $y$, $g(|X'|)$ contains $F$, and $Y$ is affine local with closed point $y$, then $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F}) \subset g(|X'|)$.

3. If $\mathcal{F}$ is pure above $y$, $\mathcal{F}$ is flat at all points of $F$, $g(|X'|)$ contains $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F}) \cap F$, and $Y$ is affine local with closed point $y$, then $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F}) \subset g(|X'|)$.

Proof. The assumptions on $X \to Y$ and $X' \to Y$ guarantee that we may apply the material in Sections 76.2 and 76.3 to these morphisms and the sheaves $\mathcal{F}$ and $g^*\mathcal{F}$. Since $g$ is étale we see that $\text{Ass}_{X'/Y}(g^*\mathcal{F})$ is the inverse image of $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F})$ and the same remains true after base change.

Proof of (1). Assume $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F}) \subset g(|X'|)$. Suppose that $(T \to Y, t' \leadsto t, \xi )$ is an impurity of $\mathcal{F}$ above $y$. Since $\text{Ass}_{X_ T/T}(\mathcal{F}_ T) \subset g_ T(|X'_ T|)$ by Lemma 76.6.2 we can choose a point $\xi ' \in |X'_ T|$ mapping to $\xi$. By the above we see that $(T \to Y, t' \leadsto t, \xi ')$ is an impurity of $g^*\mathcal{F}$ above $y'$. This implies (1) is true.

Proof of (2). This follows from the fact that $g(|X'|)$ is open in $|X|$ and the fact that by purity every point of $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F})$ specializes to a point of $F$.

Proof of (3). This follows from the fact that $g(|X'|)$ is open in $|X|$ and the fact that by purity combined with Lemma 76.6.1 every point of $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F})$ specializes to a point of $\text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F}) \cap F$. $\square$

In your comment you can use Markdown and LaTeX style mathematics (enclose it like $\pi$). A preview option is available if you wish to see how it works out (just click on the eye in the toolbar).


text:
## anonymous 3 years ago Find the Limit:

1. anonymous

$\lim_{x \rightarrow \infty}(\frac{ 5x-3 }{ 5x+7 })^{3x+1}$

2. anonymous

take the log take the limit exponentiate

3. anonymous

I am allowed to use L'Hospital's rule. I am not sure how I would use it though...

4. anonymous

So I get it's (infinity/infinity)^(infinity) but I am not sure how to go from there...

5. anonymous

Yep... I am not sure how that would help though...

6. anonymous

$(3x+1)\ln(\frac{5x-3}{5x+7})$ now you $$\infty\times 0$$

7. anonymous

Yep... I got there.

8. anonymous

rewrite as $\frac{\ln(\frac{5x-3}{5x+7})}{\frac{1}{3x+1}}$ now you have $\frac{0}{0}$ and now you can use l'hopital

9. anonymous

Hmm Okay... Let's see...

10. anonymous

probably easier if you write $\frac{\ln(5x-3)-\ln(5x+7)}{\frac{1}{3x+1}}$

11. anonymous

Okay Thanks!

12. anonymous

Yep. I know.

13. anonymous

yw

14. anonymous

@satellite73 : Okay so I have: $\lim_{x \rightarrow \infty} \frac{ \frac{ 5 }{ 5x-3 }-\frac{ 5 }{ 5x+7 } }{ \frac{ -2 }{ (3x+1)^2 } }$

15. anonymous

denominator is wrong

16. anonymous

$\lim_{x \rightarrow \infty} \frac{ \frac{ 5 }{ 5x-3 }-\frac{ 5 }{ 5x+7 } }{ \frac{ -3 }{ (3x+1)^2 } }$

17. anonymous

Chain rule. Right.

18. anonymous

ugly retricealgebra from here on in have fun, but you will get a rational expression so limit is same as horizontal asymptote

19. anonymous

:( . Fair enough....

20. anonymous

actually it is not that bad

21. anonymous

Yep. I think I see why.

22. anonymous

$-\frac{(3x+1)^2}{3}\times \frac{50}{(5x-3)(5x+7)}$ and not need to multiply out, just look at the ratio of the leading coefficients

23. anonymous

i mean you have to be a bit careful but the leading coefficient of the numerator is $$9\times 50$$ and the leading coefficient of the denominator is $$-3\times 25$$ so you the ratio is $$-6$$

24. anonymous

and don't forget to exponentiate at the end

25. anonymous

Hmm... Okay.

26. anonymous

So I got 1/e^6 or e^-6.

27. anonymous

yup

28. anonymous

:) . Thanks a million :) .


text:
0
6064

# Simplification Questions for SBI PO 2020 PDF

Download SBI PO Simplification Questions & Answers PDF for SBI PO Prelims and Mains exam. Very Important SBI PO Simplification Questions with solutions.

InstructionsInstructions: What will come in place of question mark (?) in the following questions?

Question 1: 3463 × 295 – 18611 = ? + 5883

a) 997091

b) 997071

c) 997090

d) 999070

e) None of these

Question 2: (23.1)2 + (48.6)2 – (39.8)2 = ? + 1147.69

a) (13.6)2

b) $\sqrt{12.8}$

c) 163.84

d) 12.8

e) None of these

Question 3: [(3$\sqrt{8}$+ $\sqrt{8}$ ) (8$\sqrt{8}$ + 7$\sqrt{8}$ )] – 98 = ?

a) 2$\sqrt{8}$

b) 8$\sqrt{8}$

c) $382$

d) $386$

e) None of these

Question 4: $\sqrt{11449}$x$\sqrt{6241}$ – (54)2 = $\sqrt{?}$ + (74)2

a) 3844

b) 3721

c) 3481

d) 3638

e) None of these

InstructionsInstructions: What approximate value should come in place of question mark (?) in the following questions? (Note: You are not expected to calculate the exact value.)

Question 5: 39.897% of 4331 + 58.779% of 5003 =?

a) 4300

b) 4500

c) 4700

d) 4900

e) 5100

Question 6: 43931.03 ÷ 2111.02 × 401.04 =?

a) 8800

b) 7600

c) 7400

d) 9000

e) 8300

Question 7: $\sqrt{6354}$ x 34.999 = ?

a) 3000

b) 2800

c) 2500

d) 3300

e) 2600

Question 8: $\sqrt[3]{4663}$ + 349 = ? ÷ 21.003

a) 7600

b) 7650

c) 7860

d) 7560

e) 7680

Question 9: 59.88 ÷ 12.21 × 6.35 =?

a) 10

b) 50

c) 30

d) 70

e) 90

InstructionsInstructions: What will come in place of the question mark (?) in the following questions?

Question 10: 4003×77 – 21015 = ?×116

a) 2477

b) 2478

c) 2467

d) 2476

e) None of these

Question 11: [(5$\sqrt{7}$ + $\sqrt{7}$ ) × (4$\sqrt{7}$ + 8$\sqrt{7}$ )] – (19)2 = ?

a) 143

b) 72$\sqrt{7}$

c) 134

d) 70$\sqrt{7}$

e) None of these

Question 12: (4444÷40) + (645÷25) + (3991÷26) = ?

a) 280.4

b) 290.4

c) 295.4

d) 285.4

e) None of these

Question 13: $\sqrt{33124}$×$\sqrt{2601}$ – (83)2 = (?)2 + (37)2

a) 37

b) 33

c) 34

d) 28

e) None of these

Question 14: 5$\frac{17}{37}$ × 4$\frac{51}{52}$ × 11$\frac{1}{7}$ + 2$\frac{3}{4}$ = ?

a) 303.75

b) 305.75

c) 303$\frac{3}{4}$

d) 305$\frac{1}{4}$

e) None of these

InstructionsInstructions: What approximate value should come in place of the question mark (?) in the following questions. (Note: You are not expected to calculate the exact value)

Question 15: 8787 ÷ 343 × $\sqrt{50}$ = ?

a) 250

b) 140

c) 180

d) 100

e) 280

Question 16: $\sqrt[3]{54821}$×(303÷8) = (?)2

a) 48

b) 38

c) 28

d) 18

e) 58

Question 17: $\frac{5}{8}$ of 4011.33 + $\frac{7}{10}$ of 3411.22 = ?

a) 4810

b) 4980

c) 4890

d) 4930

e) 4850

Question 18: 23% of 6783 + 57% of 8431 = ?

a) 6460

b) 6420

c) 6320

d) 6630

e) 6365.7

Question 19: 335.01×244.99 ÷ 55 = ?

a) 1490

b) 1550

c) 1420

d) 1590

e) 1400

Question 20: When X is subtracted from the numbers 9, 15 and 27 the remainders are in continued proportion. What is the value of X?

a) 8

b) 6

c) 4

d) 5

e) None of these

3463 × 295 = 1021585
1021585 – 18611 = 1002974
1002974 – 5883 = 997091

(23.1)2 = 533.61
(48.6 )2 = 2361.96
(39.8)2 = 1584.04
533.61 + 2361.96 – 1584.04 = 1311.53
1311.53 – 1147.69 = 163.84

[ $\sqrt{8}$ (3 +1) x $\sqrt{8}$(8 + 7)] – 98
= [4$\sqrt{8}$ x 15 x $\sqrt{8}$ ] – 98
= [60 x $\sqrt{8}$] – 98
= 480 – 98 = 382

$\sqrt{11449}$ x $\sqrt{6241}$ – (54)2 – (74)2 = $\sqrt{?}$
$\sqrt{?}$ = [107 x 79] – 2916 – 5476
= 8453 – 2916 – 5476 = 61
$\sqrt{?}$= (61)2 = 3721

40 x $\frac{4330}{100}$ + 59 + $\frac{5000}{100}$
= 1732 + 2950
= 4682

$\frac{43931}{2111}$ x 401 = 8345.01 ≈ 8300

After taking approximation equation will be

$\sqrt{6354}$ x 34.993 = 80 x 35 = 2800

$\sqrt[3]{4663}$ ≈ 17
17 + 349 = ? ÷ 21
366 x 21 = ?
? = 7686 ≈ 7680

After taking approximation equation will be 60 ÷ 12 x 6 = 30

4003 x 77 = 308231
308231 – 21015 = 287216
$\frac{287216}{116}$ = 2476

[(5$\sqrt{7}$ + $\sqrt{7}$ ) × (4$\sqrt{7}$ + 8$\sqrt{7}$ )] – (19)2
= [6$\sqrt{7}$ x 12$\sqrt{7}$] – 192
= [72 x 7] – 192
= 143

$\frac{4444}{40}$ = 111.1

$\frac{645}{25}$ = 25.8

$\frac{3991}{26}$ = 153.5

Total = 111.1 + 25.8 + 153.5 = 290.4

$\sqrt{33124}$×$\sqrt{2601}$ – (83)2
= 2393
2393 – 372
= 1024
$\sqrt{1024}$ = 32

5$\frac{17}{37}$ = $\frac{202}{37}$

4$\frac{51}{52}$ = $\frac{259}{52}$

11$\frac{1}{7}$ = $\frac{78}{7}$

2$\frac{3}{4}$ = $\frac{11}{4}$

$\frac{202}{37}$ x $\frac{259}{52}$ x $\frac{78}{7}$ = 303

303 + $\frac{11}{4}$ = 305.75

8787 ÷ 343 = 25.61
$\sqrt{50}$ = 7.07
25.61 x 7.07 = 181.06 ≈ 180

303 ÷ 8 =37.875 ≈ 38
$\sqrt[3]{54821}$ = 37.98 ≈ 38
382

$\frac{5}{8}$ x 4011.33 = 2507.08
$\frac{7}{10}$ of 3411.22 = 2387.854
2507.08 + 2387.854 = 4894.934 ≈ 4890

23% of 6783 can be calculated as (20+3)% of 6783 = 1560.09

57% of 8453 can be calculated as (50+7)% of 8431 = 4805.67

Sum will be = 1560.09 + 4805.67 = 6365.7

244.99 ≈ 245
245 ÷ 55 = 4.45
335.01 ≈ 335
335 x 4.45 = 1492 ≈ 1490

$\frac{9-x}{15-x}$ = $\frac{15-x}{27-x}$
x = 3

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We hope this Simplification Questions & Answers  PDF of SBI PO is very Useful for preparation of SBI PO Exams.


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# First Law of Thermodynamics

The first law of thermodynamics is the conservation of energy principle.  This provides us with the statement that energy cannot be created or destroyed.  As a result, the first law of thermodynamics allows us to to form relationships between various forms of energy as well as energy interactions.

### The First Law of Thermodynamics

The first law of thermodynamics will allow us to see how energy will change form through different processes of a system.  First, let’s take a look a couple of examples.

##### Potential Energy & Kinetic Energy

The first example is the transformation of potential energy to kinetic energy.  Lets say you are holding a ball up in the air at a certain height.  If you know the mass of the ball and its height you can calculate the potential energy.

(Eq 1) $P.E.=mgΔh$ (kJ)

$m$ = mass

$g$ = gravitational constant

$h$ = height

Next if you were to drop the ball its velocity will continue to increase until it hits the ground.  The reason for this is because the potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.

(Eq 2) $K.E. =\frac{1}{2}m(v^2_2-v^2_1)$ (kJ)

$v_2$ = final velocity

$v_1$ = initial velocity

In fact because of the first law of thermodynamics, the decrease in potential energy will exactly equal the increase in kinetic energy.

(Eq 3) $K.E.=P.E.$

Next let’s consider a system that is undergoing an adiabatic process. Recall that if a process is adiabatic than the heat transfer across the boundary layer must be negligible.  Instead an increase or decrease in energy is due to a work interaction.

From experimental data the following statement has been concluded.  “For all adiabatic processes between two specified states of a closed system, the net work done is the same regardless of the nature of the closed system and the details of the process.”  This statement was derived from experiments performed by Joule during the nineteenth century.  In turn, It is also the fundamental principle that the first law of thermodynamics is derived from.

The first law of thermodynamics allows us to define the property “total energy” $E$.  Let’s take a look at an adiabatic process again. During the process the net work is the same between two specified states.  As a result, the net work is dependent on the end state of the system.  In turn, it also  corresponds to a change in property of the system.  This property is the total energy of the system.  Hence, per the first law, the change in total energy for an adiabatic process is equal to the net work done.  Due to this fact an arbitrary value can be assigned to the total energy as a reference point.

##### Heat Transfer

The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of the conservation of energy principle.  As a result, we must also consider how heat transfer will affect the total energy.  For example it is well known that if you put a potato in the oven or a pot of water on a lit stove their temperature will increase.  The reason for this is because  heat transfer into the potato or the pot of water increases their energy.  In turn, this will increase the total energy, which will be equal to the amount of heat transferred into these two items.

To further this example let take a look at heater that is in a well insulated room.  This means the room, which represent the system, can be considered adiabatic.  As a result, since heat cannot transfer across the boundary layer of the room, energy introduced to the room from the heater will remain in the room.  Hence, the increase in total energy of the room will be equal to the amount heat transferred from the heater.

### Energy Balance

From the conservation of energy principle the following can be concluded.  The net change of energy within a system is equal to difference between the total energy leaving the system and entering the system during a process.  In other word,

(Eq 4) $E_{in}-E_{out}=ΔE_{system}$

This relationship is referred to as the energy balance.  Energy balance is applicable to any system undergoing a process.  As a result, the energy change of a system can be determined.  In order to do this you will need to know what the energy was at initial state of the system and what it is at its final state.  Than by taking the difference, the energy change of the system can be determined.

Previous


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# Prove that the series is convergent and calculate the sum.

Let's say that $$x_{1} \gt 0$$ We define the sequence by the formula $$x_{n+1} = - \ln(x_{1} +x_{2}+x_{3}+\dots+x_{n})$$ Prove that the series $$\sum_{n=2}^{ \infty } x_{n}$$ is convergent and find the sum of it.

My attempt was to use the identity $$\ln(1+x)\lt x$$ somehow, but without any results. I've also determined that the elements of the sequence are positive and that $$x_{n+1} = - \ln(x_{1} +x_{2}+x_{3}+\dots+x_{n}) = \ln\left(\frac{1}{x_{1} +x_{2}+x_{3}+\dots+x_{n}}\right)$$

-
So we have $x_{n+1}=-\ln(x_1-\ln x_1-\ln(x_1-\ln x_1)-\ln(x_1-\ln x_1-\ln(x_1-\ln x_1))-\dots$ – abiessu Jan 8 '14 at 20:38
The elements of the sequence are not necessarily positive, unless $0\le x_1\lt 1$. If $x_1\gt1$, then $x_2=-\ln(x_1)$ is negative. – Barry Cipra Jan 8 '14 at 20:41
One simple observation: If the series converges, then $x_n\to0$. It follows from the assumed identity that the sum of the series is $e^0=1$. – Harald Hanche-Olsen Jan 8 '14 at 20:48

Let $s_n=\sum _{k=1}^n x_k$ for $n\geq 1$. Then $s_{n+1}=s_n-\log(s_n)$. So it comes down to showing that iterating $x\mapsto x-\log(x)$ converges when you start with some positive $x$. Now use that $x-\log(x) \geq 1$ with equality only for $x=1$ and that $1<x-\log(x)<x$ for $x>1$.

-
Ah, of course! You nailed it. – Harald Hanche-Olsen Jan 8 '14 at 20:51
In this case, the partial sum is more than the sum of its parts... – robjohn Jan 8 '14 at 21:52
Immeasurable comment. – copper.hat Jan 8 '14 at 21:56

We have $e^{-x_{n+1}} = x_1+...+x_n \ge 1-x_{n+1}$. Hence $x_1+...+x_n + x_{n+1} \ge 1$, and consequently, $x_{n+1} \le 0$ for all $n>1$.

Hence the sequence $x_1+...+x_{n+1}$ is non-increasing and bounded below, so it converges. Since it converges, $x_n \to 0$, from which it follows that $x_1+...+x_n = e^{-x_{n+1}} \to 1$.

-
To atone for my earlier contractive sins... – copper.hat Jan 8 '14 at 21:42


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Browse Questions

# The cannizzaro reaction is not given by

$\begin{array}{1 1} a \\ b \\ c \\ d\end{array}$

$CH_3-CH_2-CHO$ contains OC-hydrogen.It will not show cannizzaro reaction.
Hence (c) is the correct answer.


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# Math

posted by Anjana

A denominator of a fraction exceeds the numerator by 1 if 2 is taken from each the sum of the reciprocal of the new fraction and 4 times the original fraction is 5. Find the original fraction

1. Reiny

original fraction ---- x/(x+1)

new fraction = (x-2)/(x-1)

(x-1)/(x-2) + 4x/(x+1) = 5
times (x-2)(x+1), the LCD

(x-1)(x+1) + 4x(x-2) = 5(x-2)(x+1)
x^2 - 1 + 4x^2 - 8x = 5x^2 - 5x - 10
3x - 9 = 0
x = 3

original fraction is 3/4

check:
new fraction = 1/2
1/(1/2) + 4(3/4)
= 2 + 3 = 5 , as needed

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# In triangle ABC, the size of angle B is 5 times the size of angle A, and the size of angle C is 18° less than 4 times the size of angle A?

Jan 14, 2018

$\angle A = {19.8}^{\circ}$, $\angle B = {99}^{\circ}$, and $\angle C = {61.2}^{\circ}$

#### Explanation:

Recall that the total sum of inner angles of a triangle is ${180}^{\circ}$.

Since $\angle B = 5 \angle A$ and $C = 4 \angle A - {18}^{\circ}$

Then we can say

${180}^{\circ} = \angle A + 5 \angle A + 4 \angle A - {18}^{\circ}$

Then we can simplify and get

${198}^{\circ} = 10 \angle A$

Then

$\angle A = {19.8}^{\circ}$

Then we plug in to get

$\angle B = {99}^{\circ}$

and

$\angle C = {61.2}^{\circ}$


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# How do you differentiate f(x)=(lnx+sinx)(lnx-x) using the product rule?

Dec 23, 2015

$f ' \left(x\right) = \left(\ln x - x\right) \left(\frac{1}{x} + \cos x\right) + \left(\ln x + \sin x\right) \left(\frac{1}{x} - 1\right)$

#### Explanation:

Know that: $\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{d}{\mathrm{dx}} \left[\ln x\right] = \frac{1}{x} \\ \frac{d}{\mathrm{dx}} \left[\sin x\right] = \cos x\end{matrix}\right.$

According to the product rule:

$f ' \left(x\right) = \left(\ln x - x\right) \frac{d}{\mathrm{dx}} \left[\ln x + \sin x\right] + \left(\ln x + \sin x\right) \frac{d}{\mathrm{dx}} \left[\ln x - x\right]$

$\implies \left(\ln x - x\right) \left(\frac{1}{x} + \cos x\right) + \left(\ln x + \sin x\right) \left(\frac{1}{x} - 1\right)$


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#### Howdy, Stranger!

It looks like you're new here. If you want to get involved, click one of these buttons!

Options

# Blog - Exploring regression on the El Niño data

I've started some of the writing of the details about regression with a sparsity-inducing prior on Blog - Exploring regression on the El Niño data. Even that bit isn't finished and comprehensible yet:

1. The graphing program I'm using is sometimes getting some corner details of the contours wrong, and in general the graphs could probably be made a little bit nicer if I work some more on them. I'll probably try to do that when more of the other stuff is finished.

2. I need to figure out clearer language.

3. I actually need to write the program and run it on some cloud platform to get results, which is the much bigger task!

A couple of practical questions for John:

1. There are some 3-side-by-side graphs, but maybe given the blog is so narrow they ought to be 3 stacked vertically?
2. After the last blog article you and Andrew Stacey seemed to figure out how to do markdown blogs on wordpress. Is it the case I can write everything other than hyperlinks/images in markdown format now, or should I html-ize things?

EDIT: looks like the forum didn't like the [ [ link ] ] to the blog, so changed it to a longer link.

• Options
1.

Thanks for starting to write this blog post, David! I'll try to help you with point 2 on your first list. But for now, your second list:

1) For the blog, it's always better to have multi-part figures stacked vertically, so they can be as big as possible on the blog. The blog is just 450 pixels wide, so something like

is a good way to format images files.

2) Yes, you can now use either html or markdown for blog articles on wordpress, whatever you prefer! Try not to push your use of either system to the maximum extreme of sophistication...

Comment Source:Thanks for starting to write this blog post, David! I'll try to help you with point 2 on your first list. But for now, your second list: 1) For the blog, it's always better to have multi-part figures stacked vertically, so they can be as big as possible on the blog. The blog is just 450 pixels wide, so something like

 is a good way to format images files. 2) Yes, you can now use either html or markdown for blog articles on wordpress, whatever you prefer! Try not to push your use of either system to the maximum extreme of sophistication...
• Options
2.

In addition to fixing the link in the original post, I've made some more minor changes. But there's still a long way to go on both the written and the unwritten text to make it comprehensible!

Comment Source:In addition to fixing the link in the original post, I've made some more minor changes. But there's still a long way to go on both the written and the unwritten text to make it comprehensible!
• Options
3.

I'll wait a while before trying to read it, since I'm pretty busy. Just let me know when you want feedback.

Comment Source:I'll wait a while before trying to read it, since I'm pretty busy. Just let me know when you want feedback.


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# What are the implications for quantum gravity if the LHC sees no higgs?

+ 3 like - 0 dislike
44 views

Following the news in serious "non-hype" physics blogs I`ve learnd that as things are now one needs a lot of patience and more data to learn what happens in the higgs sector. There are already a number of good questions and discussions about what the absence of a higgs would mean for the standard model or more general for theoretical physics on this site.

So I want to "extrapolate" this a bit and ask about what would be the implications for the different quantum gravity approaches if no higgs boson(s) (are) seen at the LHC ?

retagged Apr 19, 2014

+ 4 like - 0 dislike

For string theory: If the LHC sees no Higgs, then the standard model has to change (a bit or a lot), so string phenomenology will have a slightly different target to aim at.

For loop quantum gravity: They still can't even describe a particle moving through space, so they have bigger things to worry about than the Higgs.

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2014-03-17 03:38 (UCT), posted by SE-user Mitchell Porter
answered Sep 10, 2011 by (1,445 points)
Thanks Mitchell, good to know that ST would still work somehow ... In his post about the implications of the higgs search up to now profmattstrassler.com/articles-and-posts/the-higgs-particle/… Matt Strassler says that if no higgs is seen it would be not so unlikely that hints of a technicolor scenario could kick in whe LHC runs at 14 TeV. Would technicolor change the picture ? I admit that I know not more about it than Matt Strassler writes ;-/ ...

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2014-03-17 03:38 (UCT), posted by SE-user Dilaton
String phenomenology is still about guessing by trial and error the shape of the extra dimensions. In principle the vacuum ought to be determined by cosmic initial conditions and/or anthropic selection, but that's just too hard for now. So the only way LHC observations could actually disfavor string theory - as opposed to simply moving the target for string phenomenology - would be if they provided evidence that the field theory of the real world is in Vafa's "swampland" of field theories not in the string landscape.

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2014-03-17 03:38 (UCT), posted by SE-user Mitchell Porter
+ 2 like - 0 dislike

"The field of Higgs would be an exciting new discovery would have found the last pillar of the standard model, ie how to get the mass of elementary particles?" But it would exclude an interesting discovery, because it would mean that the standard model, which has stood for decades as well as many precision experiments, it would be wrong! It was the first real hole in this theory and would challenge the LHC to find another mechanism to do the work of Higgs. "

The Higgs mechanism contained in the Standard Model, the theory that describes elementary particles and their interactions, could explain how fundamental particles acquire mass.

According to the Higgs mechanism, the space is filled with so-called "Higgs field" with which the particles interact. Those that interact strongly with the field have more mass than the weakly interacting, and a racing car with aerodynamic cut short the air more easily than a bus.

so if the boson is not found, the answer is simple, the implications would be such as would have to rethink everything that has to date. find something else, for example.

I recommend you see this paper on Arxiv, entitled: If no Higgs Then what?

abstract:

In the Absence of a Higgs boson, the Standard Model Becomes Strongly coupled Above a TeV. Heavy coupled spin-1 fields W and Z bosons to delay the breakdown of dog perturbativity. We Carefully regions of parameter space Identify WHERE Addition to minimal - a single spin-1 SU (2)-triplet resonance custodial - allows one to Retain perturbative control in all channels.

Elastic scattering of longitudinal W and Z bosons alone Seems to permit a very large cut-off Beyond the Naive Dimensional Analysis expectation. We find howeve Including That scattering of the spin-1 leads to an Resonances Then Earlier onset of strong coupling. Most importantly for LHC searches, we define a self-consistent set-up With A well-defined range of validity Without recourse to physical unitarization Schemes Whose Meaning is obscure.

We discuss the phenomenology and the LHC discovery reach for electroweak These Resonances and mention The Possibility of a nightmare scenario rules With No Higgs resonance Within the LHC reach. Finally, we discuss the effects of parity breaking in the heavy resonance Which industry you reduce the Contributions to the S parameter.

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2014-03-17 03:38 (UCT), posted by SE-user jormansandoval
answered Sep 10, 2011 by (20 points)

 Please use answers only to (at least partly) answer questions. To comment, discuss, or ask for clarification, leave a comment instead. To mask links under text, please type your text, highlight it, and click the "link" button. You can then enter your link URL. Please consult the FAQ for as to how to format your post. This is the answer box; if you want to write a comment instead, please use the 'add comment' button. Live preview (may slow down editor)   Preview Your name to display (optional): Email me at this address if my answer is selected or commented on: Privacy: Your email address will only be used for sending these notifications. Anti-spam verification: If you are a human please identify the position of the character covered by the symbol $\varnothing$ in the following word:p$\hbar$ysicsOve$\varnothing$flowThen drag the red bullet below over the corresponding character of our banner. When you drop it there, the bullet changes to green (on slow internet connections after a few seconds). To avoid this verification in future, please log in or register.


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# Work

vCalc Reviewed
"Work" =
Tags:
Rating
ID
vCalc.Work
UUID
e6d371f6-da27-11e2-8e97-bc764e04d25f

The  Work calculator uses the equation, W= F⋅cos(θ)⋅x, to computes the work done when a force (F) is applied to move a mass some distance (x) at an angle (θ) to the direction of the force.

INSTRUCTIONS: Choose the preferred units and enter the following:

• (F) - This is the force applied
• (θ) -  This is the angle between the force applied and the direction of motion.
• (x) - This is the distance the mass is moved

Work (w):  The calculator returns the work in Joules (J).  However, this can be automatically converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu

### General Information

Work in this equation is a function of a constant force, |F|,  in the direction of (F). Since the Force may not be in the same direction as the movement of the mass, the user can also include an angle (θ) for the angular difference between the direction of movement and the direction of the force (F).

The standard SI unit for Work is a Joule (J) when the input parameters are also in SI units (newtons and meters).

A more general representation of this work= force*distance relationship integrates the force applied over the distance spanned, x.

This equation, Work, is listed in 2 Collections.


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# A car starts from rest and accelerates at 5 m/s2. At t=4 s, a ball is dropped out of a window by a person sitting in the car. What is the velocity and acceleration of the ball at t=6 s ? (Take g=10 m/s2)

1. 20√2 m/s, 10 m/s2
2. 20 m/s, 5 m/s2
3. 20 m/s, 0
4. 20√2 m/s, 0

Option 1 : 20√2 m/s, 10 m/s2
Free
RPMT Optics Test 1
17.8 K Users
10 Questions 40 Marks 10 Mins

## Detailed Solution

Concept:

Three equations of motion are:

v = u + at

v2-u2=2as

s= ut+ 1/2 (at2)

where u and v are initial and final velocities respectively, t is time, s is distance travelled, a is acceleration.

Calculation:

Initial velocity of car = 0

Acceleration of car = 5 m/s2

Velocity of car at t = 4 s; v = u + at

⇒  v = 0 + 5 × 4 = 20 ms-1

At t = 4 s, A ball is dropped out of a window so velocity of ball at this instant is 20 ms-1 along horizontal.

After 2 seconds of motion

Horizontal velocity of ball = 20 ms-1 (∵ ax = 0)

Vertical velocity of ball (Vy) = uy + ayt

vy = 0 + 10 × 2 = 20 ms-1 (∵ ay = g = 10 m/s2)

So magnitude of velocity of ball

$$= \sqrt {V_x^2 + V_y^2} = 20\sqrt 2$$ m/s

Acceleration of ball at t = 6 s is g = 10 m/s2

As ball is under free fall.


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# Thread: working with upper bounds

1. ## working with upper bounds

Suppose that b is an upper bound for a set S of real numbers. Prove that if b E S, then b = lub S.

2. Originally Posted by WartonMorton
Suppose that b is an upper bound for a set S of real numbers. Prove that if b E S, then b = lub S.
$S\leq b$ $\forall$ $s\in S.$

Assume $b \in S.$

Set $m=\sup{S}$ so, $S\leq b \leq m$ by assumption.

Then, since $b$ is an upper bound, and $m$ is the $l.u.b.$ $S\leq m \leq b.$

Therefore $b \in S \Rightarrow b= m =\sup{S}$

3. Do you have any questions...