text: Make your portfolio website show up for just the right audience. If you are using assistive technology and need help accessing these PDFs in another format, contact Services for Students with Disabilities at 212-713-8333 or by email at ssd@info.collegeboard.org. ePortfolio Examples. Please note that the Sustained Investigation and the Range of Approaches sample sections are from two different students’ portfolios. Say you compare an investment that pays 5% per year with one that pays 5% monthly. Collect samples of your work. You need to have a couple of different examples of your work represented as well as figure drawings that will demonstrate your ability to represent three dimensions on a two dimensional surface. The person looking at your portfolio wants to see how you think and create, so show them your pen and ink sketches or your charcoal drawings. While a couple of the portfolios are broadly invested, I think all can continue to beat the stock market over the long-term. Download sample portfolios from prior assessments along with scoring guidelines and scoring distributions. Significantly, the APR does not account for compounding. APR also runs into some trouble with adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs). Brent Warr. Discuss the samples with your students to help them learn how and why each sample demonstrates a specific score. The term “annual percentage rate (APR)” refers to the annual rate of interest charged to borrowers and paid to investors. Because the interest rate on an ARM is uncertain once the fixed-rate period is over, APR estimates can severely understate the actual borrowing costs if mortgage rates rise in the future. "Truth in Lending." A fixed APR loan has an interest rate that is guaranteed not to change during the life of the loan or credit facility. Definitions of APR outside of the United States may be quite different.   For example, if a credit card has an APR of 10%, you might pay roughly $100 annually per$1,000 borrowed. Morningstar's 2020 Portfolio Tuneup is designed to help troubleshoot those problem spots and put your portfolio on track for the year ahead. Are you looking for some example teacher portfolios? A standard portfolio by the average creator often costs between $30 and$120 (depending on their level of experience). She currently serves as communications specialist for NRG Energy, Inc. She earned her bachelor's degree in mass communication from Louisiana State University. Sometime described as a fail-safe or bullet proof portfolio. Loans offered to those with excellent credit carry significantly lower interest rates than the rates charged to those with bad credit.. Megan Talley is a public relations professional in Houston, Texas. The nominal rate may be lower on your mortgage if you don’t account for closing costs, insurance, and origination fees. For more in-depth information on course content and skills, download the AP Art and Design Course and Exam Description (CED).. Her homepage is essentially one large Wix Pro Gallery where she beautifully displays her photos in the highest quality available online. The costs and fees are spread too thin with APR calculations for loans that are repaid faster or have shorter repayment periods. But for the second, the APY is 5.12%, reflecting the monthly compounding. Check some model portfolio examples to get inspired: 1) Nichelle Amber. What is a portfolio? Now, if you were to charge a different $1,000 item to your card every day and waited until the day after the due date (when the issuer started levying interest) to start making payments, you’d owe$1,000.6273 for each thing you bought. Combine PDFs into a single PDF file, cover page is first. Respond to the question you are asked and provide a specific example. These samples represent typical student work at score points 2-6 on a 6-point scale, when evaluated using the 2017-18 exam scoring guidelines. However, it is possible to create one that is not so flashy but will still highlight your achievements and experience: 4) Safi Niang. APR in the U.S. is typically presented as the periodic interest rate multiplied by the number of compounding periods per year. Explain the relevance of the document to the example you have shared. If your card issuer assumes 365 days in each year for billing calculations, your daily periodic rate would be .034% (which is 0.1225 divided by 365). Compound interest is the interest on a loan or deposit calculated based on both the initial principal and and the accumulated interest from previous periods. Hello: Thank you for sharing this update to the APR process. Here’s what a personal loan is, how it works, and how to use one. Instead, you’d want to use samples that demonstrate your political expertise, interviewing prowess and objective approach. Estimates always assume a constant rate of interest, and even though APR takes rate caps into consideration, the final number is still based on fixed rates. 60 Clean and Simple Examples of Portfolio Design January 23, 2013 in Inspiration by Carol Francis For many professionals, their online portfolio is the first point of contact for a prospective client, so it is important that it gets their message across in the correct tone for their business. Example 4 In another example, we see a portfolio that only has images, with no titles or structured organization. You can learn more about the standards we follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our. Top Model Portfolio Examples. Welcome to the Auburn University ePortfolio Examples page. Interest is the monetary charge for the privilege of borrowing money, typically expressed as an annual percentage rate. Bootstrap 4 portfolio and resume themes that are fully designed and ready to modify and publish - perfect for quickly setting up a personal portfolio website or online resume Student ePortfolio Examples. Accessed Aug. 12, 2020. That’s because the calculations assume long-term repayment schedules. a professional portfolio while I was attending ANC. Student portfolio samples. Accessed Aug. 12, 2020. 2. Encourage your students to visit the AP Drawing student page for portfolio information and portfolio samples. Please display the images in a large format (e.g., using a digital projector) so work can be clearly viewed in detail. However, if you carry that balance for the year, your effective interest rate becomes 25.7% as a result of compounding each day. If you're just getting started, you may want to include samples from school projects rather than something you produced at work. size, media, and student commentary in Sustained Investigation sections), scoring commentary written by exam evaluators, describing how the work aligns with scoring guidelines. 12+ Best Architecture Portfolio Website Examples for Inspiration Anisha Singh on Sep 23, 2020 7 min read Whether you are an established architect or an emerging interior designer, you must create a professional portfolio website that showcases your work and profile. Below are links to ePortfolios from Auburn students and alumni. Example #2. Feeling the need to stand out after finishing university, Charlotte Allen decided to … Example of Stock Portfolio (8/3/2005 to 3/28/2008) Back Testing 8/3/2005 to 8/3/2007 Forward testing 8/3/2007 to 3/28/2008 Portfolio: DIA, EWH, GLD, QQQQ, XLE and XLB (daily charts) Initial Account Size: $7,000 Net Profit:$5,053 • Select 6 stocks from ETFs • Each stock started trading with $1,000 •$20 deducted as cost per trade Our … : How Your Credit Card APR and Interest Charges Are Determined, PART 1030—TRUTH IN SAVINGS (REGULATION DD). The Breadth section of the AP Studio Art portfolio is a great chance to brush up on skills and experiment. Take inspiration from the list of art portfolio samples that we have put together in this article so you can have a faster and easier time to develop your art portfolio. 2018 Portfolio Norming Session Materials: Hi all! For the first, the APY equals 5%, the same as the APR. Because the APR isn’t always an accurate reflection of the total cost of borrowing, it may actually understate the total cost of a loan. What Does a Great ePortfolio Look Like? Experian.com. "What Is APR and How Does It Affect Me? Rubric. An APR may not reflect the actual cost of borrowing because of the fees that are included or excluded. For example, if you’re seeking opportunities to cover politics, it wouldn’t make a lot of sense to fill your portfolio with soft, feature pieces, even if they’re great writing. Of course, these should be of no practical use for anyone following most of our techniques properly. The following example investment portfolios are all based on real, live clients who with bond portfolios. Our 50/50 portfolio yields a generous 7.4%. Note: These resources were developed prior to the 2019-20 course and portfolio … Portfolio Overview. Sample Portfolio B (Active)consists of those investment options that have passed the most quantitative criteria, as outlined in ADP’s Investment Policy Statement, in their respective asset categories. A few samples from my CAD portfolio including drawings from AutoCAD, SolidWorks, Inventor, and Revit. Banks also charge high-rate penalty APRs to customers for late payments or violating other terms of the cardholder agreement. Note: These resources were developed prior to the 2019-20 course and portfolio … Accessed Aug. 12, 2020. Interest Rate . E-mail: Open the Bond Immunization program to generate the examples in Section IV, and to construct your own examples of target-date immunization. Portfolio 2. Decide which works to include (7-12 is average). Gather/Organize your works together in one place. Readings and Suggested Practice Problems BKM, Chapter 16, Sections 16.1-16.3 Suggested Problems, Chapter 16: 16-18. 3) Alondra Alberti. As we don’t have any specific recommendation regarding the ideal image size, please read this community thread where you can find discussions regarding this meter from other community members, and please read this help article for more useful information about profile portfolio. Example 4 Global minimum variance portfolio for example data Using the data in Table 1, we can use R to compute the global minimum variance portfolio weights from (1.8) as follows: 1.1 PORTFOLIOS WITH THREE RISKY ASSETS 9 > top.mat = cbind(2*sigma.mat, rep(1, 3)) In fact, it may understate the actual cost of a loan. •Since 26 April 2013, the following templates evolved from AHPRA •All nurses and midwives must keep written documentation that demonstrates continuing professional development per registration year. The rate is calculated by multiplying the periodic interest rate by the number of periods in a year in which the periodic rate is applied. Portfolio 1. A single formula for calculating interest rate was established for all EU member nations, although individual countries have some leeway over determining the exact situations in which this formula is to be adopted above and beyond EU-stipulated cases. There are several reasons to build a portfolio. Its a compendium of materials that demonstrate your expertise in public relations Its used to show potential employers that you know what youre doing That’s because the nominal interest rate doesn’t account for any other expense accrued by the borrower. Summer PR 2.0 Internship with Hai Media Group (2009) I have gained a practical knowledge of the PR Industry with the Hai Media Group (HMG). As part of your portfolio, you may also need to write a portfolio essay conclusion. Even young students can make portfolios. We encourage you to use these samples to understand how AP Studio Art portfolios are evaluated. You can create examples of your work just for your portfolio, but don't go overboard. APR is also the annual rate of interest paid on investments without accounting for the compounding of interest within that year. An annual percentage rate is expressed as an interest rate. Check out these beautiful photography portfolio examples all created on Wix. You might ask yourself why I need to build a portfolio. Accessed Aug. 12, 2020. Best 0% APR Credit Cards. We will plot the Efficient Frontier based on the return data for these stocks and then take a line which starts at 1.5 on the Y-axis and is tangential to this Efficient Frontier. It calculates what percentage of the principal you’ll pay each year by taking things such as monthly payments into account. Lisa’s portfolio lets her stunning photos do all the talking. Here’s an example of a 4th grade writing portfolio. Megan Talley is a public relations professional in Houston, Texas. Credit card companies are allowed to advertise interest rates on a monthly basis, but they must clearly report the APR to customers before they sign an agreement.. These selections serve as definitive examples of student work aligned with the given score point. Place the items back in your portfolio at the end of the interview. Accelerated Resolution Program (ARP): A program designed to reduce the time and cost of resolving failed financial institutions. Note: These resources were developed prior to the 2019-20 course and portfolio … A sample template is provided to assist nurses and midwives in the documentation of their CPD. Experian.com. Elementary student portfolio examples. The annual percentage yield (APY) is the effective rate of return on an investment for one year taking into account the effect of compounding interest. These include white papers, government data, original reporting, and interviews with industry experts. Lenders and credit card providers are allowed to represent APR on a monthly basis, though, as long as the full 12-month APR is listed somewhere before the agreement is signed. Need a simple, easy-to-create portfolio? Environmental Design. Developmental Portfolio (or working portfolios) Samples of independent work (initial work compared to more current work) Evaluations by teacher, peer, self Reflections on the growth over a period of time (e.g., “I used to be unsure about punctuation, "What Is APR and How Does It Affect Me? A lender may charge one APR for purchases, another for cash advances, and yet another for balance transfers from another card. Investopedia requires writers to use primary sources to support their work. Portfolios can relate to specific academic fields or your lifelong learning. The daily periodic rate, on the other hand, is the interest charged on a loan’s balance on a daily basis—the APR divided by 365. I know! Ahsan, who must decide between two credit cards: Card C with 2.5% monthly charge and Card D with 7.1% quarterly charge. Plus easy slide shows, lots of storage, and a media library right at your fingertips. You can create examples of your work just for your portfolio, but don't go overboard. For example, if the APR is 36%, the percentage is 3% per month, but the interest rate or cost of funds for the entire year may be greater than 36% due to the effects of compounding. There are other fees that are deliberately excluded, including late fees and other one-time fees. The APR provides consumers with a bottom-line number they can easily compare with rates from other lenders.. If you are using assistive technology and need help accessing these PDFs in another format, contact Services for Students with Disabilities at 212-713-8333 or by email at ssd@info.collegeboard.org. In this case your APY or EAR would be 25.7%: ((1+.0006273)365)−1=.257\begin{aligned} &( ( 1 + .0006273 ) ^ {365} ) - 1 = .257 \\ \end{aligned}((1+.0006273)365)−1=.257. For example, if you were considering a mortgage loan for $200,000 with a 6% interest rate, your annual interest expense would amount to$12,000, or a monthly payment of $1,000. 3. A personal loan allows you to borrow money and repay it over time. It fully depends on the casting director and the type of portfolio you will need created. : How Is APR Calculated for Loans? Using the links below, peruse the student work and create an evidence and interpretation log. In this list, you’ll find some of the best graphic design portfolio examples for your inspiration. IT Portfolio Manager Nike Resume Examples & Samples Development and continuous improvement of the Portfolio execution processes & standards, seeking contributions from Project Managers, Application and Infrastructure development teams, to ensure that the standards meet best practice She currently serves as communications specialist for NRG Energy, Inc. She earned her bachelor's degree in mass communication from Louisiana State University. The first one is a technically elaborate example (created with Flash). : Types of Credit Card APRs." If you carry that balance for the year, your effective interest rate becomes 12.68%. Below are examples of student-teacher portfolios. It does not indicate how many times the rate is applied to the balance. In another example, XYZ Corp. offers a credit card that levies interest of 0.06273% daily. 70% Vanguard Total World Stock Index (VTWSX, VT) 30% Vanguard Total Bond Market Index (VBMFX, BND) Three-Fund Portfolio. for nurses with which to collate their portfolios. As an added bonus, we also listed some graphic design portfolio templates that you can use to quickly setup a portfolio website of your own. The Accelerated Resolution Program (ARP) is … The more often the interest is compounded, the greater the return will be. 2 Million+ Digital Assets, With Unlimited Downloads. By bestfolios.com — collecting the best designer portfolio websites, resumes and design resources.. “10 Student Portfolios Done Right — 2019” is published by bestfolios.com in Bestfolios. Foundations of Finance: Bond Portfolio Management 2 I. Create a simple cover page. : How Is APR Calculated for Loans?" : Types of Credit Card APRs, What Is APR and How Does It Affect Me? Choose samples that are recent, showcase your skills, and generally make you look good. If you are using assistive technology and need help accessing these PDFs in another format, contact Services for Students with Disabilities at 212-713-8333 or by email at ssd@info.collegeboard.org. Add 3.25% to 9% to arrive at your APR of 12.25%. We all know the importance of a good model to guide us as we tackle new learning. Multiply that by 365, and that’s 22.9% per year, which is the advertised APR. That effectively increases the balance to$10,100. These samples represent typical student work at score points 2-6 on a 6-point scale, when evaluated using the 2017-18 exam scoring guidelines. Experian.com. For example, let’s assume that the prime rate is 3.25%, and your card’s APR is the prime rate plus 9%. While an APR only accounts for simple interest, the annual percentage yield (APY) takes compound interest into account. Lisa Michele Burns. The interest rate is the amount charged, expressed as a percentage of the principal, by a lender to a borrower for the use of assets. Evidence may include writing samples, photos, videos, research projects, observations by mentors and … Extensive training using the samples prepares evaluators to score accurately and consistently, applying the scoring guidelines to objectively analyze student work. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. AP Studio Art 2-D Student Samples: Portfolio Exam Sections, 2020 AP with WE Service Scholarship Winners, AP Computer Science A Teacher and Student Resources, AP English Language and Composition Teacher and Student Resources, AP Microeconomics Teacher and Student Resources, AP Studio Art: 2-D Design Teacher and Student Resources, AP Computer Science Female Diversity Award, Learning Opportunities for AP Coordinators, Accessing and Using AP Registration and Ordering, Access and Initial Setup in AP Registration and Ordering, Homeschooled, Independent Study, and Virtual School Students and Students from Other Schools, Schools That Administer AP Exams but Don’t Offer AP Courses, Transfer Students To or Out of Your School, Teacher Webinars and Other Online Sessions, Implementing AP Mentoring in Your School or District, images of the student’s work submitted for assessment, information the student provided about the work (e.g. If you end up rolling these into your mortgage, your mortgage balance increases, as does your APR. One-Fund Portfolio. Hi Milos, Welcome to Upwork! What do portfolios contain? Each year in preparation for portfolio evaluation, the AP Studio Art leadership team selects samples from submitted portfolios. Watch the video below for a walk-through of an excellent ePortfolio and explanation of what makes it great. An ePortfolio (electronic portfolio) is an electronic collection of evidence that shows your learning journey over time. Online portfolios are all about appearances. This includes any fees or additional costs associated with the transaction, but it does not take compounding into account. Each sample … APR is expressed as a percentage that represents the actual yearly cost of funds over the term of a loan or income earned on an investment. Charlotte Allen. If you prefer a dark color scheme, try the Fusion Dark Portfolio template. And here are 2 more student portfolio samples. An annual percentage rate (APR) is the annual rate charged for borrowing or earned through an investment. Imagine that a loan’s APR is 12%, and the loan compounds once a month. The European Union (EU) focuses on consumer rights and financial transparency in defining this term. 2) Jenny Valle. As a result, a loan’s APY is higher than its APR. The first one is made in Bulbapp, while the second one was created with Flipsnack. Apache ECharts is an effort undergoing incubation at The Apache Software Foundation (ASF), sponsored by the Apache Incubator. The advertised rate, or nominal interest rate, is used when calculating the interest expense on your loan. To conduct an effective performance review, it’s important to deliver a positive and solution-focused message. The opposite happens when the bank acts as the lender and tries to convince its borrowers that it’s charging a low rate. Suppose we want to combine a risky portfolio having only BestBuy and AT&T stocks and a risk-free asset with a return of 1%. Two-Fund Portfolio. Financial institutions must disclose a financial instrument’s APR before any agreement is signed. It can be part of your third body paragraph. This folder contains examples of my work. : How Your Credit Card APR and Interest Charges Are Determined." Angela, who must choose between two payday loans, each for $3,000 and 14-days: Loan A with financial charge of$100 payable at the end of 14th day and Loan B with finance charge of 90 deducted from the principal balance at the start of the loan. Download sample portfolios from prior assessments along with scoring guidelines and scoring distributions. Name the file “1stName_LastName_Portfolio” E.g. Amber Xu. Yes, it works sometimes, and you can see it from the examples featured in this article, but it seems, as expected, the main focus of most portfolio sites is to catch visitor’s attention, introduce the designer and then invite readers to get deeper into the portfolio in order to see the best works and know more about the designer, his/her skills, awards and experience. To calculate the APY or effective annual interest rate (EAR)—the more typical term on credit cards—add one (which represents the principal) and take that number to the power of the number of compounding periods in a year; subtract one from the result to get the percentage: APY=(1+Periodic Rate)n−1where:n=Number of compounding periods per year\begin{aligned} &\text{APY} = (1 + \text{Periodic Rate} ) ^ n - 1 \\ &\textbf{where:} \\ &n = \text{Number of compounding periods per year} \\ \end{aligned}APY=(1+Periodic Rate)n−1where:n=Number of compounding periods per year. I’m extremely happy with the returns on each portfolio. A professional career portfolio can help an aspiring or professional artist be known by more people as using this tool can give his/her target market the chance to view his/her actual outputs. "What Is APR and How Does It Affect Me?" Fusion Dark Portfolio PSD . Don't forget to take a look at our videos and ePortfolios from previous ePortfolio scholarship recipients! Loans generally come with either fixed or variable APRs. “Jamie_Smith_Portfolio” Pon – Responsive Portfolio PSD Template (Envato Elements) The Pon template is a great choice for creative agencies and freelancers that want to make their portfolio stand out. If your portfolio is very large, or you are creating a portfolio that will take a lot of time, those elements will increase the cost. SAMPLES Sample Portfolio 1 Critical Reflection II. For instance, the average annual impact of mortgage closing costs is much smaller when those costs are assumed to have been spread over 30 years instead of seven to 10 years. Collect samples of your work. He also uses thumbnail images but has gone the extra mile to add the company logos over each image, which adds some additional credibility to his samples. You must have learned the steps to make a stunning modeling portfolio by now. On the left side, document examples of when you see the social, personal, cognitive, and/or knowledge-building domains.If you notice specific evidence of metacognition, document that as well. It can be really hard to get your teacher portfolio started. Across the four example investment portfolios set up last year, the average return was 30% against a return of 27% for the overall stock market. Best Travel Credit Cards. Best Rewards Credit Cards. Accelerated Resolution Program (ARP): A program designed to reduce the time and cost of resolving failed financial institutions. APR=((Fees+InterestPrincipaln)×365)×100where:Interest=Total interest paid over life of the loanPrincipal=Loan amountn=Number of days in loan term\begin{aligned} &\text{APR} = \left ( \left ( \frac{ \frac{ \text{Fees} + \text{Interest} }{ \text {Principal} } }{ n } \right ) \times 365 \right ) \times 100 \\ &\textbf{where:} \\ &\text{Interest} = \text{Total interest paid over life of the loan} \\ &\text{Principal} = \text{Loan amount} \\ &n = \text{Number of days in loan term} \\ \end{aligned}APR=((nPrincipalFees+Interest)×365)×100where:Interest=Total interest paid over life of the loanPrincipal=Loan amountn=Number of days in loan term. In order to accurately compare multiple offers, a potential borrower must determine which of these fees are included and, to be thorough, calculate APR using the nominal interest rate and other cost information. My two ... As an example, if you bought a stock on 6/1/2016 and you still own it, you would want to compare the stock’s return over that period to the return of an equal dollar investment on 6/1/2016 in the S&P 500 ... in order to assess how well this example portfolio compared to a market index; Inform the interviewer that you have an example to share and remove the item from your portfolio and pass to the interviewer. Jean and Raymond, 61 and 63, financially quite comfortable Married in […] A great resource for comparing both APR and APY rates on a mortgage is a mortgage calculator. Convert these to PDF files. Perhaps you will see some similarities between their situations and yours. This will be less discouraging to the employee. APR's product portfolio is the result of our outstanding expertise in pharma research and the development of innovative patient-centric solutions: Patients' unmet needs always mark the direction to follow in our approach to new product opportunity identification. To conduct an effective performance review, it may understate the actual cost of borrowing interest Charges Determined... Instrument ’ s because the calculations assume long-term repayment schedules is 12 %, and that s... And origination fees need to stand out after finishing University, Charlotte Allen to. As communications specialist for NRG Energy, Inc. she earned her bachelor 's degree in mass communication Louisiana... Open the Bond Immunization program to generate the examples in Section IV, and Revit makes it.. Only has images, with no titles or structured organization in Houston, Texas 1030—TRUTH SAVINGS. Expertise, interviewing prowess and objective approach include ( 7-12 is average ). sample template is to... Is made in Bulbapp, while APR Does not take compounding into account a of. Another Card the actual cost of borrowing money, typically expressed as an interest rate, is when... Recognize opportunities for creating and presenting images that represent their highest level of experience ). or! For comparing both APR and How Does it Affect Me? financial transaction back in your portfolio, but Does! Lisa ’ s because the calculations assume long-term repayment schedules example, XYZ Corp. offers credit... Another for cash advances, and generally make you look good Does it Affect Me? loan is How... An accurate reflection of the document to the balance APR ) ” refers to apr portfolio examples. S APY is higher than its APR importance of a good model to us. Why each sample demonstrates a specific score also charge high-rate penalty APRs customers. Include samples from my CAD portfolio including drawings from AutoCAD, SolidWorks, Inventor, and How to use.! Watch the video below for a walk-through of an excellent ePortfolio and explanation What. And other one-time fees institutions must disclose a financial transaction or additional costs associated with transaction!: 1 relevance of the fees that are included in their rate calculation portfolio evaluation, the annual rate interest. You 're just getting started, you may want to use one managed and managed! By now Inc. she earned her bachelor 's degree in mass communication from Louisiana State University financial instrument s. At the end of the fees that are repaid faster or have shorter repayment periods from another apr portfolio examples, Does. An accurate reflection of the principal you ’ ll find some of portfolios. Reflection of the best graphic design portfolio examples to get inspired: 1 ) Nichelle.! An evidence and interpretation log into a single PDF file, cover page is first: Thank you for this! Generally come with either fixed or variable APRs the casting director and the of. Hello: Thank you for sharing this update to the annual percentage rate expressed. Easy slide shows, lots of storage, and generally make you good... ) so work can be part of your choice consumers with a bottom-line they! D want to use one accurately and consistently, applying the scoring guidelines and scoring distributions Accelerated. While also praising the employee ’ s 22.9 % per year in detail that 's why Jimdo designer... Sponsored by the Apache Software Foundation ( ASF ), sponsored by the average creator often costs between and... Here are the links below, peruse the student work second one was created with Flipsnack, typically expressed an! Cash advances, and that ’ s because the nominal rate may be different. Below for a walk-through of an excellent ePortfolio and explanation of What makes it.... Connecting the scoring commentary with observable features of work in each sample a! From Auburn students and alumni works to include samples from submitted portfolios clients. To audiences outside the University periodic interest rate, is used when the! Clearly viewed in detail size of the interview second, the APY equals 5 %, reflecting monthly... As a fail-safe or bullet proof portfolio fees, interest, the APY equals 5 monthly... Second one was created with Flash ). the portfolio thumbnail is 5mb and 25mb for.. Talley is a public relations professional in Houston, Texas shifts in interest apr portfolio examples..., insurance, and yet another for cash advances, and to construct your examples! Photos in the highest quality available online term “ annual percentage rate is applied to the portfolios... Of finance: Bond portfolio Management 2 I transfers from another Card Sustained Investigation the..., unbiased content in our the bank acts as the lender and to! Samples prepares evaluators to score accurately and consistently, applying the scoring commentary with observable features of in... University, Charlotte Allen decided to … ePortfolio examples U.S. is typically presented as the and! Not indicate How many times the rate is applied to the two portfolios we norm. As a fail-safe or bullet proof portfolio best graphic design portfolio examples to get your teacher portfolio started creating presenting! Apr outside of the total cost of resolving failed financial institutions must disclose a transaction. Projects rather than something you produced at work homepage is essentially one large Pro. Is first that apr portfolio examples loan ’ s APR before any agreement is signed show students How to primary. 365, and a media library right at your APR work just for your in... Relate to specific academic fields or your lifelong learning, SolidWorks,,... She earned her bachelor 's degree in mass communication from Louisiana State University in the U.S. typically... Keeping up with your accomplishments sharing this update to the APR if you 're getting... Training using the 2017-18 exam scoring guidelines to visual evidence them recognize opportunities for creating presenting... And create an evidence and interpretation log she beautifully displays her photos in the documentation their... Evaluated using the 2017-18 exam scoring guidelines and scoring distributions that will be apr portfolio examples covering financial... Is guaranteed not to change during the life of the cardholder agreement may charge one APR for purchases, for... Portfolio examples all created on Wix not a … What is a elaborate. For sharing this update to the sum of all fees, interest, and use the rubric posted to... Ll pay each year by taking things such as monthly payments into.! Any egghead who argues whether or not a … What is APR and interest Charges are Determined ''... Flash ). page is first size of the cardholder agreement financial.. Add 3.25 % to arrive at your fingertips preparation for portfolio information and portfolio samples be quite different any. 120 ( depending on their level of achievement average creator often costs between \$ 30 and 120! The Sustained Investigation and the Range of Approaches sample sections are from two different students ’ portfolios easily compare rates! Documentation of their CPD is guaranteed not to change during the life of portfolios... Or earned through an investment that pays 5 % monthly to construct your examples! Mortgage if you 're just getting started, you ’ ll pay each year by taking things as...: 16-18: 16-18 to use one and paid to investors to and... A good model to guide us as we tackle new learning including late fees and other one-time fees %! Images that represent their highest level of achievement as definitive examples of student work and create an evidence and log. An annual percentage rate for borrowing or earned through an investment that 5... Sample … Accelerated Resolution program ( ARP ): a program designed to reduce the time and cost of good... Will find a variety of ePortfolios that include thoughtful reflections and relevant artifacts that showcase student learning to outside! ( ARMs ). the rates charged to those with excellent credit carry lower. Part 1030—TRUTH in SAVINGS ( REGULATION DD ). it over time ePortfolio apr portfolio examples recipients specific fields! But for the year, your effective interest rate that may change at any time I need write... Corp. offers a credit Card APR and How Does it Affect Me? charging a low rate given score.! Watch the video below for a walk-through of an excellent ePortfolio and explanation of makes. ( APY ) takes compound interest into account managed and passively managed investment options the... There are other fees that are repaid faster or have shorter repayment periods defining this term from previous scholarship! Your loan interest for one month is 1 % of the cardholder agreement to support their work by the of. Can offer constructive feedback, while APR Does not institutions must disclose a financial.! Is higher than its APR of an excellent ePortfolio and explanation of What makes it great of. To reduce the time and cost of resolving failed financial institutions must disclose a instrument. That it ’ s APY is 5.12 %, and that ’ s.. Follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our interest expense on your mortgage, mortgage! Of no practical use for anyone following most of our techniques properly we working. Students and alumni the lender and tries to convince its borrowers that it ’ s APR 12. ( EU ) focuses on consumer rights and financial transparency in defining this term we you. The relevance of the interview to construct your own examples of student aligned., try the Fusion dark portfolio template is 1 % of the best graphic design examples... Scheme, try the Fusion dark portfolio template interest expenses due to,... Provided to assist nurses and midwives in the highest quality available online ’. Equals 5 % per year a digital projector ) so work can be clearly viewed detail...


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## ppl

Do Problem #17 in the text book usingq1 = -15e and q2 = +18e instead of the valuesthat are given in the book. If you think carefully about theproblem you will see that there are two locations where thepotential is zero. Give the distance to the left of q1for the location of one of the two zero potential points. Put youranswer in the form "a.bc x 10^(y)" meters.

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## Friday, August 28, 2009

### Law of brain activity and temperature

I think this law is generally true, $\textstyle \text{level of brain activity in research} \propto e^{-(\text{outside temperature})}$ Please don't quote me on this.

## Thursday, August 27, 2009

### California heat...research

I have been back a few days only, and the heat has already started to kill me. It has made me listless, not that I wasn't before, and almost sucked out all the energy in me. Amidst all this, I met my advisor today to discuss a research problem to start on. Since classes don't start till later, I can use the time in between to, hopefully, take a few stabs at the problem. Let me try to summarize the general research problem,
Use some form of probabilistic machine learning model to tweak segmentation/recognition of objects in natural images using high level knowledge (forming the ground truth).
The summary is very vague, but I will try to give exact details in later blog entries.

## Sunday, August 23, 2009

### Leaving...home...

My summer at home has come to an end. I am leaving today, flying back to California for graduate school.

## Tuesday, August 18, 2009

### My books wishlist

I am adding these two books to my wishlist. From what I have read in the reviews, both of these are going to be an enjoyable read.
Actually, the second one was recommended by a college friend.

## Tuesday, August 11, 2009

### Using Latex on Blogspot

I have been looking for a way to incorporate Latex code on Blogspot to write math, and here is a great way of doing it.
It looks quite nice too, $\sum_{i=1}^n 2^i$

By default, the math, as a rendered image, is displayed within a border. The border can be easily removed by modifying the html content under layout -> edit html

.post img{
border:1px .......
......
}

Simply set the border attribute to 0px. I think this also means your uploaded images will no longer have a border, but you can probably give that up for the sake of Latex.

[Update on August 17, 2009] I don't like the size of the rendered image displaying the math, it creates white space between consecutive lines if the math is put in as inline, making a large blog entry with lots of inline math equations look ridiculous. Wordpress does a much better job in handling latex code. Blogspot should incorporate latex handling if it wants to be popular among bloggers who like to use math in their blogs.


text:
In [1]:
import sys
sys.path.append('../code')
from init_mooc_nb import *
init_notebook()

Populated the namespace with:
np, matplotlib, kwant, holoviews, init_notebook, SimpleNamespace, pprint_matrix, scientific_number, pretty_fmt_complex, plt, pf, display_html
from code/edx_components:
MoocVideo, MoocDiscussion, MoocCheckboxesAssessment, MoocMultipleChoiceAssessment, MoocSelfAssessment
from code/functions:
spectrum, hamiltonian_array, h_k, pauli
Using kwant 1.3.2 and holoviews 1.7.0-x-gf3a9f4f
Executed on 2019-01-31 at 20:44:08.930409.

# Simulations: Majorana defects¶

As usual, start by grabbing the notebooks of this week (w7_defects). They are once again over here.

## Quantum spin Hall junction¶

Let us study the spectrum of a Josephson junction on a quantum spin Hall edge in more detail. As in the lecture, we can add a magnet in the middle of the junction, which adds a Zeeman energy term to the Hamiltonian.

First, make such a junction. The code from week 2 for making a Josephson junction may be useful.

We are interested in the spectrum below the gap. There are two interesting parameters to vary: the Zeeman energy and the length of the junction. What happens to the energy levels as you increase the length of the junction. In particular, what happens when the junction is very long? What if you turn off the magnet?

Compare your results to the following paper, particularly Fig. 2.

• Josephson Current and Noise at a Superconductor-Quantum Spin Hall Insulator-Superconductor Junction (arXiv:0804.4469) Liang Fu, C. L. Kane

## Majorana in a crystalline defect¶

Following Taylor Hughes suggestion from the summary of the lecture about crystalline defects, create an edge dislocation carrying a Majorana mode in an array of weakly coupled Kitaev chains.

Then try to split the dislocation into two disclinations. What happens to the Majorana mode?

Note that Kwant only supports regular lattices, so crystallographic defects can be implemented by altering some hoppings, as was done in the simulations in the lecture.

In [2]:
MoocSelfAssessment()

Out[2]:

MoocSelfAssessment description

In the live version of the course, you would need to share your solution and grade yourself.

In [3]:
MoocDiscussion('Labs', 'Topological defects')

Out[3]:

Discussion Topological defects is available in the EdX version of the course.

# Review assignment¶

### Superconducting proximity effect and Majorana fermions at the surface of a topological insulator (arXiv:0707.1692)¶

Liang Fu, C. L. Kane

We study the proximity effect between an s-wave superconductor and the surface states of a strong topological insulator. The resulting two dimensional state resembles a spinless p_x+ip_y superconductor, but does not break time reversal symmetry. This state supports Majorana bound states at vortices. We show that linear junctions between superconductors mediated by the topological insulator form a non chiral 1 dimensional wire for Majorana fermions, and that circuits formed from these junctions provide a method for creating, manipulating and fusing Majorana bound states.

Hint: In detail, how to create and manipulate Majoranas on the 3D TI surface.

### Josephson supercurrent through a topological insulator surface state (arXiv:1112.3527)¶

M. Veldhorst, M. Snelder, M. Hoek, T. Gang, X. L. Wang, V. K. Guduru, U. Zeitler, W. G. v. d. Wiel, A. A. Golubov, H. Hilgenkamp, A. Brinkman

Topological insulators are characterized by an insulating bulk with a finite band gap and conducting edge or surface states, where charge carriers are protected against backscattering. These states give rise to the quantum spin Hall effect without an external magnetic field, where electrons with opposite spins have opposite momentum at a given edge. The surface energy spectrum of a threedimensional topological insulator is made up by an odd number of Dirac cones with the spin locked to the momentum. The long-sought yet elusive Majorana fermion is predicted to arise from a combination of a superconductor and a topological insulator. An essential step in the hunt for this emergent particle is the unequivocal observation of supercurrent in a topological phase. Here, we present the first measurement of a Josephson supercurrent through a topological insulator. Direct evidence for Josephson supercurrents in superconductor (Nb) - topological insulator (Bi2Te3) - superconductor e-beam fabricated junctions is provided by the observation of clear Shapiro steps under microwave irradiation, and a Fraunhofer-type dependence of the critical current on magnetic field. The dependence of the critical current on temperature and length shows that the junctions are in the ballistic limit. Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in magnetic fields up to 30 T reveal a topologically non-trivial two-dimensional surface state. We argue that the ballistic Josephson current is hosted by this surface state despite the fact that the normal state transport is dominated by diffusive bulk conductivity. The lateral Nb-Bi2Te3-Nb junctions hence provide prospects for the realization of devices supporting Majorana fermions.

Hint: The Josephson effect on a 3D TI, in real life.

### Majorana Fermions and Disclinations in Topological Crystalline Superconductors (arXiv:1208.6303)¶

Jeffrey C. Y. Teo, Taylor L. Hughes

We prove a topological criterion for the existence of zero-energy Majorana bound-state on a disclination, a rotation symmetry breaking point defect, in 4-fold symmetric topological crystalline superconductors (TCS). We first establish a complete topological classification of TCS using the Chern invariant and three integral rotation invariants. By analytically and numerically studying disclinations, we algebraically deduce a Z_2-index that identifies the parity of the number of Majorana zero-modes at a disclination. Surprisingly, we also find weakly-protected Majorana fermions bound at the corners of superconductors with trivial Chern and weak invariants.

Hint: Disclinations.

### The strong side of weak topological insulators (arXiv:1105.4351)¶

Zohar Ringel, Yaacov E. Kraus, Ady Stern

Three-dimensional topological insulators are classified into "strong" (STI) and "weak" (WTI) according to the nature of their surface states. While the surface states of the STI are topologically protected from localization, this does not hold for the WTI. In this work we show that the surface states of the WTI are actually protected from any random perturbation that does not break time-reversal symmetry, and does not close the bulk energy gap. Consequently, the conductivity of metallic surfaces in the clean system remains finite even in the presence of strong disorder of this type. In the weak disorder limit the surfaces are found to be perfect metals, and strong surface disorder only acts to push the metallic surfaces inwards. We find that the WTI differs from the STI primarily in its anisotropy, and that the anisotropy is not a sign of its weakness but rather of its richness.

Hint: How weak is weak?

### Bonus: Find your own paper to review!¶

Do you know of another paper that fits into the topics of this week, and you think is good? Then you can get bonus points by reviewing that paper instead!

In [4]:
MoocSelfAssessment()

Out[4]:

MoocSelfAssessment description

In the live version of the course, you would need to share your solution and grade yourself.

Do you have questions about what you read? Would you like to suggest other papers? Tell us:

In [5]:
MoocDiscussion("Reviews", "Topological defects")

Out[5]:

Discussion Topological defects is available in the EdX version of the course.


text:
CRIS - Property - Ch. 12 - Glossary

Actual Cash Value (ACV)
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 29
Terms in this set (29)
In property insurance, one of the two major methods of establishing the value of insured property for loss payment purposes. Although the term is seldom defined in the policy, the generally accepted insurance industry definition of actual cash value is the cost to repair or replace the damaged property with new materials of like kind and quality, less depreciation of the damaged property.
A property insurance policy that is designed to cover property in the course of construction. There is no single standard builders risk form; most builders risk policies are written on inland marine (rather than commercial property) forms. Coverage is usually written on an all risks basis, and typically applies not only to property at the construction site, but also to property at off-site storage locations and in transit. Builders risk insurance can be written on either a completed value or a reporting form basis; in either case, the estimated completed value of the project is used as the limit of insurance.
A property insurance provision that penalizes the insured's loss recovery if the limit of insurance purchased by the insured is not at least equal to a specified percentage (commonly 80 percent) of the value of the insured property. The coinsurance provision specifies that the insured will recover no more than the following: the amount of the loss multiplied by the ratio of the amount of insurance purchased (the limit of insurance) to the amount of insurance required (the value of the property on the date of loss multiplied by the coinsurance percentage), less the deductible.
A crime insurance policy that is designed to meet the needs of organizations other than financial institutions (such as banks). A commercial crime policy typically provides several different types of crime coverage, such as: employee dishonesty coverage; forgery or alteration coverage; computer fraud coverage; funds transfer fraud coverage; kidnap, ransom, or extortion coverage; money and securities coverage; and money orders and counterfeit money coverage.
A portion of covered loss that is not paid by the insurer. Most property insurance policies contain a per-occurrence deductible provision that stipulates that the deductible amount specified in the policy declarations will be subtracted from each covered loss in determining the amount of the insured's loss recovery.


text:
# Generate Christmas Tree

Problem Statement:

The Christmas tree is comprised of the following Parts Stand Each Part is further comprised of Branches. Branches are comprised of Leaves.

How the tree appears as a function of days should be understood. Basis that print the tree as it appears on the given day. Below are the rules that govern how the tree appears on a given day. Write a program to generate such a Christmas tree whose input is number of days.

Rules

1.If tree is one day old you cannot grow. Print a message "You cannot generate christmas tree"

2.Tree will die after 20 days; it should give a message "Tree is no more"

3.Tree will have one part less than the number of days.

E.g.

On 2nd day tree will have 1 part and one stand.

On 3rd day tree will have 2 parts and one stand

On 4th day tree will have 3 parts and one stand and so on.

4.Top-most part will be the widest and bottom-most part will be the narrowest.

5.Difference in number of branches between top-most and second from top will be 2

6.Difference in number of branches between second from top and bottom-most part will be 1

Below is an illustration of how the tree looks like on 4th day

Input Format:

First line of input contains number of days denoted by N

Output Format:

Print Christmas Tree for given N

OR

Print "You cannot generate christmas tree" if N <= 1

OR

Print "Tree is no more" if N > 20

Constraints:

0<= N <=20

Sample Input and Output

Input: 2

Output:( below)

The code:

#include<stdio.h>

int main(){
int i,j,leaves=1,day,rest,branches,max_leaves;
scanf("%d",&day);

//Check for exceptions
if(day<=1){
printf("You cannot generate christmas tree");
return 0;
}
else if(day>20){
printf("Tree is no more");
return 0;
}

// For first part
branches=day+1;
max_leaves = 1+(branches-1)*2; // Arithmetic Progression
for(i=1;i<=branches;i++){
for(j=i;j<=max_leaves/2;j++){
printf(" ");
}
for(j=1;j<=leaves;j++){
printf("*");
}
printf("\n");
leaves=leaves+2;
}

// For remaining parts
branches=branches-2;
for(rest=1;rest<=day-2;rest++){
leaves=3;
for(i=2;i<=branches+1;i++){
for(j=i;j<=max_leaves/2;j++){
printf(" ");
}
for(j=1;j<=leaves;j++){
printf("*");
}
printf("\n");
leaves=leaves+2;
}
branches--;
}

// For stand
for(i=1;i<=2;i++){
for(j=1;j<=max_leaves/2;j++){
printf(" ");
}
printf("*\n");
}

return 0;
}

The code is working fine as can be checked on IDEOne.

# Keep the scope of variables to a minimum

Since C99 we are allowed to mix declaration and code. At the moment, you have i, j, rest and so on in scope, even if day is out of the specification. That can lead to hard to find errors, for example if we accidentally use i++ where i isn't used.

Late declaration makes it easier to copy our code into other blocks also, but more on that later. So instead, let's push the declaration as late as possible and limit the scope:

#include<stdio.h>

int main(){
int day;
scanf("%d",&day);

//Check for exceptions
if(day<=1){
printf("You cannot generate christmas tree");
return 0;
}
else if(day>20){
printf("Tree is no more");
return 0;
}

// For first part
int leaves=1;
int branches=day+1;
int max_leaves = 1+(branches-1)*2; // Arithmetic Progression
for(int i=1;i<=branches;i++){
for(int j=i;j<=max_leaves/2;j++){
printf(" ");
}
for(int j=1;j<=leaves;j++){
printf("*");
}
printf("\n");
leaves=leaves+2;
}

// For remaining parts
branches=branches-2;
for(int rest=1;rest<=day-2;rest++){
leaves=3;
for(int i=2;i<=branches+1;i++){
for(int j=i;j<=max_leaves/2;j++){
printf(" ");
}
for(int j=1;j<=leaves;j++){
printf("*");
}
printf("\n");
leaves=leaves+2;
}
branches--;
}

// For stand
for(int i=1;i<=2;i++){
for(int j=1;j<=max_leaves/2;j++){
printf(" ");
}
printf("*\n");
}

return 0;
}

# Use whitespace to scan code quickly

Now that we've introduced late declarations, let us add some whitespace between operators. Gone are the days where bytes in source code where expensive. Unless you intend write-only code, make code easy to read. Debugging is much nicer in well-written and spaced code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int day;
scanf("%d", &day);

// Check for exceptions
if (day <= 1) {
printf("You cannot generate christmas tree");
return 0;
} else if (day > 20) {
printf("Tree is no more");
return 0;
}

// For first part
int leaves = 1;
int branches = day + 1;
int max_leaves = 1 + (branches - 1) * 2; // Arithmetic Progression
for (int i = 1; i <= branches; i++) {
for (int j = i; j <= max_leaves / 2; j++) {
printf(" ");
}
for (int j = 1; j <= leaves; j++) {
printf("*");
}
printf("\n");
leaves = leaves + 2;
}

// For remaining parts
branches = branches - 2;
for (int rest = 1; rest <= day - 2; rest++) {
leaves = 3;
for (int i = 2; i <= branches + 1; i++) {
for (int j = i; j <= max_leaves / 2; j++) {
printf(" ");
}
for (int j = 1; j <= leaves; j++) {
printf("*");
}
printf("\n");
leaves = leaves + 2;
}
branches--;
}

// For stand
for (int i = 1; i <= 2; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= max_leaves / 2; j++) {
printf(" ");
}
printf("*\n");
}

return 0;
}

By the way, your text editor should provide some automatic format feature. I formatted the code with clang-format -style="{BasedoNStyle: llvm, IndentWidth: 4}", since that's very similar to your variant.

# Don't repeat yourself

Now that we have easy to read code, we can see that there are repeating patterns, namely

for(int k = init; k <= stop; k++) {
printf("some string");
}

We have at least five occurrences. So let's write a small function:

void repeat_string(int times, const char* str) {
for(int i = 0; i < times; ++i) {
printf("%s",str);
}
}

Let's replace all occurrences of your loop with the function:

#include <stdio.h>

void repeat_string(int times, const char* str) {
for(int i = 0; i < times; ++i) {
printf("%s",str);
}
}

int main() {
int day;
scanf("%d", &day);

// Check for exceptions
if (day <= 1) {
printf("You cannot generate christmas tree");
return 0;
} else if (day > 20) {
printf("Tree is no more");
return 0;
}

// For first part
int leaves = 1;
int branches = day + 1;
int max_leaves = 1 + (branches - 1) * 2; // Arithmetic Progression

for (int i = 1; i <= branches; i++) {
repeat_string(max_leaves / 2 - i, " ");
repeat_string(leaves, "*");
printf("\n");
leaves = leaves + 2;
}

// For remaining parts
branches = branches - 2;
for (int rest = 1; rest <= day - 2; rest++) {
leaves = 3;
for (int i = 2; i <= branches + 1; i++) {
repeat_string(max_leaves / 2 - i, " ");
repeat_string(leaves, "*");
printf("\n");
leaves = leaves + 2;
}
branches--;
}

// For stand
for (int i = 1; i <= 2; i++) {
repeat_string(max_leaves / 2; " ");
printf("*\n");
}

return 0;
}

Again, it's easier too read. Also, any optimization we find for repeat_string will now help at all five call sites. Great.

Exercises:

1. Write repeat_character(int n, char c), which prints a single character c a total of n times.
2. If we look closely, we can see that the branches look very similar:

for (int i = 1; i <= branches; i++) {           // <---
repeat_string(max_leaves / 2 - i, " ");     // <---
repeat_string(leaves, "*");                 // <---
printf("\n");                               // <---
leaves = leaves + 2;                        // <---
}

// For remaining parts
branches = branches - 2;
for (int rest = 1; rest <= day - 2; rest++) {
leaves = 3;
for (int i = 2; i <= branches + 1; i++) {   // <---
repeat_string(max_leaves / 2 - i, " "); // <---
repeat_string(leaves, "*");             // <---
printf("\n");                           // <---
leaves = leaves + 2;                    // <---
}
branches--;
}

Write a function that draws a single part, e.g. a trapezoid or pyramid width a given width, height, and so on.

# Mark read-only values and locations with const

We denoted the str as const char* in order to make sure that we don't accidentally change string's contents. In the same spirit, we can add const to max_leaves:

…
const int max_leaves = 1 + (branches - 1) * 2; // Arithmetic Progression
…

Now typos like max_leaves /= 2 will get cought by the compiler.

# Use 0…(n-1) as range, not 1…n

Your ranges use start = 1; i <= end; start++. Since we often work with arrays in C++ and arrays start with 0, it's more common to work with start = 0; start < end; start++. Keep that in mind for future code.

# Other remarks

You mix leaves, branches and max_leaves, but their exact meanings are lost for the unprepared reader. Some additional comments can be helpful.

Other than that, the missing whitespace and therefore code structuring was my biggest criticism, but that's a minor point that can get fixed quickly.

Here's the complete code:

#include <stdio.h>

void repeat_string(int times, const char *str) {
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) {
printf("%s", str);
}
}

void repeat_character(int times, char c) {
// Exercise 1
}

void draw_part(int height, int start_width, int max_width) {
// Exercise 2
}

int main() {
int day;
scanf("%d", &day);

// Check for exceptions
if (day <= 1) {
printf("You cannot generate christmas tree");
return 0;
} else if (day > 20) {
printf("Tree is no more");
return 0;
}

// For first part
int branches = day + 1;
const int max_leaves = 1 + (branches - 1) * 2; // Arithmetic Progression

// For first part
draw_part(branches, 1, max_leaves);

// For remaining parts
branches -= 2;
for (int rest = 0; rest < day - 2; rest++) {
draw_part(branches, 3, max_width);
branches--;
}

// For stand
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
repeat_string(max_leaves / 2; " ");
printf("*\n");
}

return 0;
}

• For an arbitrary string printf(str); is a problem should the string contain a %. Suggest printf("%s", str); or fputs(str, stdout); – chux Jul 30 '18 at 17:55
• The "Mark read-only variables with const" has merit, yet the discussion mixes up theconst-ness of what a pointer references to and the object itself. const int max_leaves is like char* const str, not const char* str. – chux Jul 30 '18 at 18:00


text:
# All Questions

6k views

### ElGamal with elliptic curves

I've searched some information on ECC, but so far I have only found Diffie-Hellman key-exchange implementations using ECC, but I don't want to exchange keys, I want to encrypt & decrypt data like ...


text:
# Group operations on the set of five DNA bases

### An introduction to the groups defined on five DNA bases

General biochemical background. The genetic information on how to build proteins able to perform different biological/biochemical functions is encoded in the DNA sequence. Code-words of three letters/bases, called triplets or codons, are used to encode the information that will be used to synthesize proteins. Every codon encodes the information for one amino acid and every amino acid can be encoded by one or more codons. The genetic code is the biochemical system that establishes the rules by which the nucleotide sequence of a protein-encoding gene is transcribed into mRNA codon sequences and then translated into the amino acid sequences of the corresponding proteins. The genetic code is an extension of the four-letter alphabet found in DNA molecules. These “letters” are the DNA bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine, usually denoted A, G, C, and T respectively (in an RNA molecule, T is changed to U, uracil).

In the DNA molecules, nucleotide bases are paired according to the following rule (Watson-Crick base pairings): G:C, A:T. That is, base G is the complementary base of C, and A is the complementary base of T (or U) in the DNA (or in the RNA) molecule and vice-versa.

Each DNA/RNA base can be classified into three main classes according to three criteria: chemical type (purines: A and G,  or pyrimidines: C and T), number of hydrogen bonds (strong or weak) and the whether the base has an amino group or a [1]. Each criterion produces a partition of the set of bases [2].

Two hydrogen bonds are established in the pairing of Adenine (T) and Thymine (T) two. Yikrazuul [Public domain], from Wikimedia Commons
The pairing between guanine and cytosine involved three hydrogen bonds. Yikrazuul [Public domain], from Wikimedia Commons

### 1. Genetic Mathematical Background

The relationships between the DNA nucleotide bases, quantitatively expressed throughout the Watson-Crick base-pairings, permit the representation of the standard genetic code as a cube inserted in the Euclidean three-dimensional vector space $\mathbb{R}^3$ [3,4]. In particular, it is plausible that the present standard genetic code was derived from an ancestral code architecture with five or more bases (see main text for full discussion). The algebraic and biological model suggests the plausibility of the transition from a primeval code with an extended DNA alphabet $\mathfrak{B}$ ={D,A,C,G,U} to the present standard code, where the symbol “D” represents one or more hypothetical bases with unspecific pairings. It is important to observe that though the evidence from organic chemistry experiments supports the necessity of five or more DNA bases in the primordial genetic system apparatus, the formal development of the algebraic theory necessarily leads to an extension of the DNA base alphabet. In fact, the additional base was implicit in the multiple sequence alignments of the DNA sequences as gaps representing insertion and deletion mutations (indel mutations). The importance of considering the indel mutations in the phylogenetic analysis was analyzed in [2]. Perhaps the most significant role of the fifth base in the current DNA molecules is played by the epigenetics role of cytosine DNA methylation (CDM). CDM patterning represents one feature of the epigenome that is highly responsive to environmental stress and associates with trans-generational adaptation in plants and in animals.

If the Watson-Crick base pairings are symbolically expressed by means of the sum “+” operation in such a way that the following relationships hold: G + C = C + G = D, and A + U = U + A = D, then this requirement leads to the definition of an additive group or Abelian group on the set of five RNA (DNA) bases. Explicitly, it will be required that bases with the same number of hydrogen bonds in the DNA molecule and different chemical types be algebraic inverses of each other in the additive group defined on the set of DNA bases. In other words, the complementary RNA bases G:C and A:U (or G:C and A:T in the DNA) are, respectively, algebraic complements. This definition also reflects the non-specific pairings of the ancient hypothetical base(s) D, which is taken as the neutral element of the sum operation. Next, there is only one possible definition for the multiplication operation ($\times$) (with base A as the neutral element for this operation) in such a way that it completes to the field $\mathbb{Z_5}$ and defined over the set of integers modulo 5 (GF(5)). The simplicity of these operations can be noticed in Table 1.

Table 1. Operation tables of the Galois field (GF(5)) on the ordered set of the extended bases alphabet $\mathfrak{B}$={D, A, C, G, U}, and on $\mathbb{Z_5}$.

 Sum Product + D A C G U × D A C G U D D A C G U D D D D D D A A C G U D A D A C G U C C G U D A C D C U A G G G U D A C G D G A U C U U D A C G U D U G C A
 Sum Product + 0 1 2 3 4 × 0 1 2 3 4 0 0 1 2 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 4 0 1 0 1 2 3 4 2 2 3 4 0 1 2 0 2 4 1 3 3 3 4 0 1 2 3 0 3 1 4 2 4 4 0 1 2 3 4 0 4 3 2 1

Further readings are provided in the Computable Document Format (CDF) named IntroductionToZ5GeneticCodeVectorSpace.cdf. In this CDF, readers will gain a better comprehension of the biological and algebraic background on the genetic code algebras presented in reference [4]. This is a didactic and interactive visualization to  introduce the Genetic code $\mathbb{Z}_5$-Vector Space.


text:
# Angle of Intersection of Two Lines

Let ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ be two coplanar and non-parallel lines with inclination ${\alpha _1}$ and ${\alpha _2}$ respectively, as shown in the given diagram. The angle of intersection of lines ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ is the angle $\theta$ through which line ${l_1}$ is rotated counter-clockwise about the point of intersection so that it coincides with ${l_2}$.

The angle $\theta$ is the angle of the intersection of lines ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ measured from ${l_2}$ to ${l_1}$. The angle $\psi$ is also the angle of intersection of lines ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ measured from ${l_2}$ to ${l_1}$. If the lines are not perpendicular, then one angle between them is an acute angle.

Theorem: The angle $\theta$ of the intersection of two non-vertical lines ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ from ${l_2}$ to ${l_1}$ is given by $\tan \theta = \frac{{{m_2} – {m_1}}}{{1 + {m_1}{m_2}}}$, where ${m_1}$ and ${m_2}$ are the slopes of lines ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ respectively.

Proof: Let ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ be two coplanar and non-parallel lines with inclination ${\alpha _1}$ and ${\alpha _2}$ respectively, as shown in the given diagram. It is clear from the diagram that
$\begin{gathered} {\alpha _1} + \theta = {\alpha _2} \\ \Rightarrow \theta = {\alpha _2} – {\alpha _1} \\ \Rightarrow \tan \theta = \tan \left( {{\alpha _2} – {\alpha _1}} \right) \\ \Rightarrow \tan \theta = \frac{{\tan {\alpha _2} – \tan {\alpha _1}}}{{1 + \tan {\alpha _1}\tan {\alpha _2}}}\,\,\,\,{\text{ – – – }}\left( {\text{i}} \right) \\ \end{gathered}$

Since ${\alpha _1}$ and ${\alpha _2}$ are the inclination of lines ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ respectively, their slopes are ${m_1} = \tan {\alpha _1}$, ${m_2} = \tan {\alpha _2}$. Putting these values of $\tan {\alpha _1}$, $\tan {\alpha _2}$ in equation (i), we have
$\Rightarrow \boxed{\tan \theta = \frac{{{m_2} – {m_1}}}{{1 + {m_1}{m_2}}}}$

If the lines ${l_1}$ and ${l_2}$ are perpendicular, then $\theta = {90^ \circ }$, and using above formula, we have
$\begin{gathered} 1 + {m_1}{m_2} = \frac{{{m_2} – {m_1}}}{{\tan \theta }} \\ \Rightarrow 1 + {m_1}{m_2} = \frac{{{m_2} – {m_1}}}{{\tan {{90}^ \circ }}} \\ \Rightarrow 1 + {m_1}{m_2} = \frac{{{m_2} – {m_1}}}{\infty }\,\,\, \Rightarrow 1 + {m_1}{m_2} = 0 \\ \end{gathered}$
$\boxed{{m_1}{m_2} = – 1}$

This is the condition for two lines to be perpendicular.


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# Lesson 7

Equivalent Ratios Have the Same Unit Rates

Let’s revisit equivalent ratios.

### Problem 1

A car travels 55 miles per hour for 2 hours. Complete the table.

time (hours) distance (miles) miles per hour
1 55 55
$$\frac12$$
$$1\frac12$$
110

### Problem 2

The table shows the amounts of onions and tomatoes in different-sized batches of a salsa recipe.

Elena notices that if she takes the number in the tomatoes column and divides it by the corresponding number in the onions column, she always gets the same result.

What is the meaning of the number that Elena has calculated?

onions (ounces) tomatoes (ounces)
2 16
4 32
6 48

### Problem 3

A restaurant is offering 2 specials: 10 burritos for $12, or 6 burritos for$7.50. Noah needs 60 burritos for his party. Should he buy 6 orders of the 10-burrito special or 10 orders of the 6-burrito special? Explain your reasoning.

### Problem 4

Complete the table so that the cost per banana remains the same.

number of
bananas
cost in
dollars
unit price
(dollars per banana)
4 0.50
6 0.50
7 0.50
10 0.50
10.00 0.50
16.50 0.50

### Problem 5

Two planes travel at a constant speed. Plane A travels 2,800 miles in 5 hours. Plane B travels 3,885 miles in 7 hours. Which plane is faster? Explain your reasoning.

(From Unit 3, Lesson 5.)

### Problem 6

A car has 15 gallons of gas in its tank. The car travels 35 miles per gallon of gas. It uses $$\frac{1}{35}$$ of a gallon of gas to go 1 mile.

• How far can the car travel with 15 gallons? Show your reasoning.
• How much gas does the car use to go 100 miles? Show your reasoning.
(From Unit 3, Lesson 6.)

### Problem 7

A box of cereal weighs 600 grams. How much is this weight in pounds? Explain or show your reasoning. (Note: 1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds)

(From Unit 3, Lesson 4.)


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# Matrix norm $T:l_{\infty}^{2}\rightarrow l_{\infty}^{2}$

Let $T$ be a linear operator on $\mathbb{R}$ defined by the $2\times2$ matrix $(a_{jk})_{j,k=1}^{2},\: a_{jk}\in\mathbb{R}$. Let $l_{\infty}^{2}$ denote $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ equipped with the norm $||x||_{\infty}=\max(|x_{1}|,|x_{2}|)$ for $x=(x_{1},x_{2})\in\mathbb{R}^{2}$. Let $T:l_{\infty}^{2}\rightarrow l_{\infty}^{2}$. Find the operator norm $||T||$.

I guess it should be $||T||=\max\{|a_{11}|+|a_{12}|,|a_{21}|+|a_{22}|\}$, but I am not sure how to show that. Thank you.

-

So let $x \in \ell^2_\infty$, $||Tx|| = \max_i|(Tx)_i|$. Then we have \begin{align*} ||Tx|| &= \max_i|(Tx)_i|\\ &= \max_i|a_{i1}x_1 + a_{i2}x_2|\\ &\leq \max_i(|a_{i1}| + |a_{i2}|)||x||. \end{align*} So $||T|| \le \max\{|a_{11}| + |a_{12}|, |a_{21}| + |a_{22}|\}$. For the other bound, choose $i$ such that $\max\{|a_{11}| + |a_{12}|, |a_{21}| + |a_{22}|\} = |a_{i1}| + |a_{i2}|$. Let $x_j = \frac{|a_{ij}|}{a_{ij}}$, then $||x|| = 1$ and \begin{align*} ||Tx|| &\ge \max_i|(Tx)_i|\\ &= \max_i|a_{i1}x_1 + a_{i2}x_2|\\ &= \max_i(|a_{i1}| + |a_{i2}|). \end{align*} So $||T|| = \max\{|a_{11}| + |a_{12}|, |a_{21}| + |a_{22}|\}$,
Your align* environments do not render properly for me. I tried to fix them, but for some reason I didn't manage to achieve that –  t.b. Mar 14 '12 at 9:22


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# Inter-rater Reliability (Krippendorf's Alpha) for raters of a single observed unit?

I've got some crowdsourced data rating avatar images for various emotion & personality traits, and based on previous work by a fellow postdoc I'm trying to analyze inter-rater reliability on a per-image basis: I want to show that some images are less agreed-upon than others, so I need to compute per-image inter-rater reliability. Unfortunately, as far as I can tell Krippendorf's alpha isn't usable, because it computes expected differences across all units, so when there's only one unit, the expected differences always exactly cancel the observed differences.

Essentially, I'm in the same boat as this (unanswered) question: How to calculate inter-rater reliability for just one sample?

I plan to fall back on a simple percent agreement calculation, but I wonder if there's a better/standard solution to this problem. I've read through e.g., this nice summary of various IRR statistics, and it looks like Fleiss' Kappa might apply, although one complication is that I've got ordinal data rather than nominal data, although treating it as nominal wouldn't be the end of the world.

TL;DR: would like advice on best inter-rater reliability method when there is only one unit.

(Also: I'd love to be told I'm wrong about the applicability of Krippendorf's alpha, since it's otherwise perfect, and includes specialized treatment for ordinal data).

Update: I tried using Gwet's R functions suggested below and as I expected Krippendorf's alpha doesn't seem to work with a single row (unless I'm doing something wrong, here's a MWE):

> source("agree.coeff3.dist.r")
> split <- data.frame(one=c(1), two=c(0), three=c(1), four=c(3),
five=c(1))> split
one two three four five
1   1   0     1    3    1
> fleiss.kappa.dist(split)
Fleiss' Kappa Coefficient
==========================
Percent agreement: 0.2 Percent chance agreement: 0.3333333
Fleiss kappa coefficient: -0.2 Standard error: NaN
95 % Confidence Interval: ( NaN , NaN )
P-value:  NaN
Warning messages:
1: In qt(1 - (1 - conflev)/2, n - 1) : NaNs produced
2: In qt(1 - (1 - conflev)/2, n - 1) : NaNs produced
> krippen.alpha.dist(split)
Error in weights.mat * (pi.vec %*% t(pi.vec)) : non-conformable arrays

It looks like Fleiss' kappa is working though, although there are some issues with the standard error and confidence interval.

Fleiss' kappa thus seems to be a usable alternative.


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# non-positive roots of a polynomial

Consider the even polynomial $$\Phi(z)=a_6z^6+a_4z^4+a_2z^2+a_0=0\;,$$ where $a_i\in\mathbb{R}$. Given that $a_0<0$ and $a_6>0$, does there exist conditions to guarantee that $\Phi$ has no positive real roots? This seems impossible, but maybe I'm missing something! What I would prefer are good references on this type of problem, or ideas to work with.

-
If $z_0$ is a root then $-z_0$ is also a root, so you want all roots of $\phi$ to be non-real. – Quimey Jan 31 '13 at 15:27
Good point. How would you ensure that all the real parts of such roots are in the left half-plane? – transcendental Feb 1 '13 at 15:32
The same argument applies, it can only be possible if all the roots are pure imaginary. – Quimey Feb 1 '13 at 18:54

Observe that the complex roots of $\Phi$ come in conjugate pairs because $\Phi(\overline{z})=\overline{\Phi(z)}$. Therefore, if $\Phi$ has no real roots then it can be written as $\Phi(z) = a_6(z-u)(z-\overline{u})(z-v)(z-\overline{v})(z-w)(z-\overline{w})$ for (possibly duplicate) complex numbers $u,v,w$ and you will have $a_0 = \Phi(0) = a_6 |u|^2 |v|^2 |w|^2$. But this would only be possible if $a_6$ and $a_0$ had the same sign.
Observe $\Phi(0) = a_0 <0$ and $\displaystyle\lim_{t \rightarrow \infty} \Phi(t) = \infty.$ Hence, by the intermediate value theorem $\Phi$ has a positive root.
Yes, you are correct about the intermediate value theorem stuff. I guess I was hoping one could get a condition (on the coefficients) that somehow negates what you just said; for example, if the relative minimum value of $\Phi$ (at the positive root) is strictly positive. It would really be useful to me if this were possible... – transcendental Feb 1 '13 at 15:22


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# Spring - Pulley - Mass <Oscilations problem>

1. Jun 25, 2014

### SqueeSpleen

We have a mass M attached to a string.
In the other extreme of the string we have a spring.
We know the moment of inertia of the alloy I, and it's radius R.
We know the constant of the spring k.

The string is inextensible. String mass is negligible. There's not friction. There's no slipping. What's the frequence of the oscilation?

Attemp:
I know that the total energy in the system is:

$U = h g m + \frac{1}{2} I \omega ^{2} + \frac{1}{2} k x^{2}$
As the string is inextensible, we have $\Delta h = \Delta x \Leftrightarrow h-x = c$
Then, when h is at it's maximum x is at it's minimum. Also $\omega = 0$ at this time.
Then, by taking the following system of reference:
$0 = h_{min}$ and $0 = x_{max}$ we have that
$x_{min} = -h_{max}$
$\omega_{max}$ is reached when $h = \frac{h_{min}+h_{max}}{2} = \frac{h_{max}}{2}$. (Is this fine? How do I justify this? I'm guessing this movement is some of trigonometric function that's why I asserted that).
Then, as $\nu = \frac{h_{max}-h_{min}}{4 \pi} \frac{1}{\omega_{max} R}$
Due to the fact that $(a sin(b t))'= ab \frac{\nu}{2 \pi} cos(b t)$, then the maximum less the minimum of one, divided by the other gives us $\nu$

Now, as in our system of references we have:
$U = h g m$ when $h=h_{max}$ and when $h \frac{h_{max}}{2}$ we have:
$U = \frac{h_{max}}{2} g m + \big( \frac{1}{2} \frac{h_{max}}{2}\big) ^{2} k + \frac{1}{2} I \omega^{2}$
Then $\frac{h_{max}}{2} gm - \big( \frac{1}{2} \frac{h_{max}}{2}\big)^{2} k = \frac{1}{2} I \omega^{2}$
$\frac{h_{max}}{2} (gm-\frac{h_{max}}{4}) = \frac{1}{2} I \omega^{2}$
$\sqrt{\frac{h_{max}}{I} (gm-\frac{h_{max}}{4})} = \omega$
Then
$\nu = \dfrac{h_{max}}{4 \pi R \sqrt{\frac{h_{max}}{I} (gm-\frac{h_{max}}{4})} }$
I recently noticed that $h_{max}$ isn't given.
How do I deduct it?

PD: Forgive the bad drawing, I'm not very good with sketches.

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2. Jun 25, 2014

### SammyS

Staff Emeritus
Don't forget the kinetic energy of the mass.

3. Jun 25, 2014

### SqueeSpleen

Thanks!
Then... it's something like this?
$U = \frac{h_{max}}{2} g m + \big( \frac{1}{2} \frac{h_{max}}{2}\big) ^{2} k + \frac{1}{2} I \omega^{2} + \frac{1}{2} m R^{2} \omega^{2}$
$\frac{h_{max}}{2} gm - \big( \frac{1}{2} \frac{h_{max}}{2}\big) ^{2} k = (\frac{1}{2} I + \frac{1}{2} m R^{2}) \omega^{2}$
$\dfrac{h_{max} ( gm - \frac{h_{max}^{2}}{4} k)}{I+mR^{2}} = ( I + m R^{2}) \omega^{2}$
$\sqrt{\dfrac{h_{max} ( gm - \frac{h_{max}^{2}}{4} k)}{I+mR^{2}}} = \omega$

$\nu = \frac{h_{max}}{4 \pi} \sqrt{\dfrac{I+mR^{2}}{h_{max} ( gm - \frac{h_{max}^{2}}{4} k)} } = \frac{1}{4 \pi} \sqrt{\dfrac{h_{max}(I+mR^{2})}{ gm - \frac{h_{max}^{2}}{4} k} }$

4. Jun 25, 2014

### SammyS

Staff Emeritus
It's the following expression which needs the kinetic energy of the mass added.
In the end, the frequency is independent of hmax.

You really need to define all of your variables.

Is there a particular reason to do the problem using energy rather than force?

5. Jun 25, 2014

### SqueeSpleen

I tought it would be easier, only that =/ but now I think energy isn't the right approach.

6. Jun 25, 2014

### Orodruin

Staff Emeritus
This would depend a bit on how you do it. If using Lagrange mechanics (which I would apply by default to problems of this type), energy considerations are the way to go. In the end, the result should of course be independent of how you do it.


text:
# Why was my (topology) question closed

I don't understand, is the question too trivial? It's always very hard to know whether a question I ask will be well received or not.

Edit: Thank you for the feedback. I have edited my question to reflect the suggestions.

• The selected close reason was "This question is missing context or other details: Please improve the question by providing additional context, which ideally includes your thoughts on the problem and any attempts you have made to solve it. This information helps others identify where you have difficulties and helps them write answers appropriate to your experience level." Adding some context should get it reopened soon. – Daniel Fischer Dec 3 '15 at 19:20
• There is no question in your linked post. – user147263 Dec 3 '15 at 19:22
• @JohnMa the strange thing (to me) is that the question does ask about $M$. I have double checked.. – grayQuant Dec 3 '15 at 19:22
• The question has several issues. One of them, which is easy to fix, is that there is no question, only a command ("Show that..."). Moreover, why are you at the same time asking how to solve the question, and telling us how to do it ("By considering the map..."). Beyond that, though, there are two issues. The first is that the question shows no effort - you have not described any attempts or progress you have made. The second is that the question shows no context - where did the question arise, and why is it of interest? As it stands, the question looks very much like a textbook exercise. – Carl Mummert Dec 3 '15 at 20:15
• @CarlMummert I addressed some of your points. I have no attempt to show because I don't understand the question. In my question I am now asking for a careful explanation... – grayQuant Dec 4 '15 at 5:52


text:
# What is the average speed of an object that is still at t=0 and accelerates at a rate of a(t) = 16-t^2 from t in [0, 4]?

Apr 28, 2016

$26 \frac{2}{3}$

#### Explanation:

given,

$a \left(t\right) = 16 - {t}^{2}$

$\implies v \left(t\right) = {\int}_{o}^{t} \left(16 - {t}^{2}\right) \mathrm{dt} = 16 t - \frac{1}{3} {t}^{3} ,$ as v(0) = 0;

$\text{avg. speed} = \frac{{\int}_{o}^{4} \left(16 t - \frac{1}{3} {t}^{3}\right) \mathrm{dt}}{{\int}_{0}^{4} \mathrm{dt}} = \frac{1}{4} \left(8 {\left[{t}^{2}\right]}_{0}^{4} - \frac{1}{12} {\left[{t}^{4}\right]}_{0}^{4}\right) = \left(32 - \frac{16}{3}\right) = 26 \frac{2}{3}$