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## Photo Editing – What does the gamma histogram mean?

A good way to analyze an image is to measure different locations (densities or intensities) and then draw these measurement points using graph paper. When done, the diagram resembles a half bell curve. We divide this curve into regions. The lower part is called "toe". This graph graphically indicates that the image is starting to form slowly. Next, the area of the straight line will be referred to. This part of the graph graphically shows a proportional response to the exposure light. We can measure the angle of the straight line with a protractor. When the image contrast is low, the angle of the straight line is pressed. If the image has a high contrast, the straight line shows that fact. Its angle will be 45 ° or larger.
Historically, we have transformed this angle into a tangent (TAN) using trigonometry. Most images with sufficient contrast have a straight line with an angle of about 40 °. The tan of 40 = about 0.8. This is traditionally the target contrast for images that show a respectable contrast. We're talking about the science of sensitometry – taking test shots and the science of densitometry – measuring photographic images. It is common to call the TAN of the angle of the straight line "gamma".

The following graphic refers to the film – digital images are a subset of the film when it comes to the determination. we also draw these.

35 = gamma 0.7 = flat 45 = gamma 1.0 = contrast

## Number theory – Stirling's approximation for normalized \$ Gamma \$

To let
$$H (s) = frac {1} {2} s (1-s) pi ^ {- s / 2} gamma left ( frac {s} {2} right).$$
With the approach of Stirling for the gamma function I would like to prove that
$$frac {H (1/2 + it) overline {H} (1/2 + it + iu)} { left | H (1/2 + it) overline {H} (1/2 + it +) iu) right |} = left ( frac {2 pi} {t} right) ^ {iu / 2} left (1+ mathcal {O} left ( frac {u ^ 2 + 1)} {T} right) right)$$
from where $$T and $$| u | leq Delta$$, Do you have any idea how to show it?
I think I should use the approach of the Stirling
$$ln Gamma (s) = (s-1/2) ln ss + frac {1} {2} ln 2 pi + sum_ {m = 1} ^ { infty} frac {B_ { 2m}} {2m (2m-1) s ^ {2m-1}}$$

What I thought might work, as we normalize our estimation function, we can use the fact
$$z = | z | e ^ {i cdot arg (z)}$$
So what we want to appreciate is basically
$$e ^ {i cdot arg (H (1 / + it) overline {H} (1/2 + it + iu))}.$$
We use that for that $$arg (z) = Im ( log z)$$so $$arg ( Gamma (s)) = Im ( ln Gamma (s))$$ for which we use the Stirling approximation.
The contribution of the non-gamma factor is easier to estimate and should be
$$( pi) ^ {iu / 2}$$
Therefore, only an estimate of the gamma contribution remains.
For this purpose we use the approach of Stirling (in response to this question there are many useful approaches)
$$arg left ( gamma ( frac {1} {4} + i frac {t} {2}) right) = In left[left(frac{1}{4}+ifrac{t}{2}-frac{1}{2}right)ln(frac{1}{4}+ifrac{t}{2})-frac{1}{4}-ifrac{t}{2}+frac{1}{2}ln(2pi)+mathcal{O}left(frac{1}{t}right)right]$$
thus
$$arg left ( gamma ( frac {1} {4} + i frac {t} {2}) right) = left[frac{tln(1/16+t^2/4)}{4}-frac{1}{4}arctan(2t)-frac{t}{2}+mathcal{O}(1/t)right]$$
If I use only the first expression of such an extension, I get
$$e ^ {i cdot arg left ( gamma ( frac {1} {4} + i frac {t} {2}) right)} sim left ( frac {1} {16} + frac {t ^ 2} {4} right) ^ {it / 4}$$
and similar
$$e ^ {i cdot arg left ( gamma ( frac {1} {4} -i frac {t} {2} -i frac {u} {2}) right)} sim left ( frac {1} {16} + left ( frac {t} {2} + frac {u} {2} right) ^ 2 right) ^ {- i (t + u) / 4}$$
So I think it remains to be proved:
$$left ( frac {1} {16} + frac {t ^ 2} {4} right) ^ {it / 4} cdot left ( frac {1} {16} + left ( frac .) {t} {2} + frac {u} {2} right) ^ 2 right) ^ {- i (t + u) / 4} = left ( frac {2} {t} right) ^ {iu / 2} left (1+ mathcal {O} left ( frac {u ^ 2 + 1} {T} right) right)$$
and that all additional conditions in the serial extension of $$ln gamma (s)$$ go also in the error expression.
Thanks in advance for any help!

## Real analysis – derivation of the gamma function at 3/2

It is known that the derivative is the gamma function $$– gamma$$ at 1, i. $$gamma & # 39; (1) = – gamma.$$
However, I wonder if the value or a good rapprochement is known
$$Gamma & # 39; (3/2) = int_0 ^ infty sqrt {x} cdot e ^ {- x} cdot ln (x) dx.$$

## multivariable calculus – Gradient of \$ -y ^ T log left (f left (W x; gamma, beta right) right) \$ w.r.t. \$ left {W, gamma, beta right } \$?

How to calculate the gradient of
begin {align} L left (W, gamma, beta right): = -y ^ T log left (f left (W x; gamma, beta right) right) end
in memory of $$left {W, gamma, beta right }$$, from where $$x in mathbb {R} ^ n$$, $$W in mathbb {R} ^ {m times n}$$, and $$y in mathbb {R} ^ m$$, but $$y_i in {0,1 }$$, $$f (z; gamma, beta)$$ is parameterized with $$gamma$$ and $$beta$$?

The definition of
eqalign { f (z; gamma, beta) & = gamma left (z- mu (z) right) \ left ( sigma (z) + epsilon right) ^ {- 1/2} + beta cr mu (z) & = alpha 1 ^ Tz cr sigma (z) & = alpha sum_ {k = 1} ^ m left (ex[k] – mu (z) right) ^ 2 equiv alpha 1 ^ T left[ left( z- mu(z) right) odot left(z – mu(z) right) right] cr from where $$1 ^ T$$ is a row vector with all, $$odot$$ is an elementwise multiplication and $$alpha$$ and $$epsilon$$ are known scalars.

## Calculus – Understand how to integrate parts into the gamma function

The gamma function is defined as …

$S = \int_{0}^{n}t^{s-1}(1-\frac{t}{n})^{n}dt$
,

I'll see how Gaussian representation The gamma function is derived and the first step is the integration of parts. No steps are shown and the following is the result of applying the integration of parts …

$S = \frac{t^{2}}{s}(1-\frac{t}{n})^{n}\binom{n}{0} + \frac{n}{ns}\int_{0}^{n}t^{s}(1-\frac{t}{n})^{n-1}dt$
,

I am confused how these values were derived. That's my attitude …

$u = (1-\frac{t}{n})^{n}$
,

$dv = t^{s-1}$
,

I imagine they chose it that way u and dv, which does ______________ mean…

$v = \frac{t^{s}}{s}$
,

$du = ?$
,

I'm not sure how they came you, I tried to derive u and ended at …

$$e[n ln(1-t/n)]$$

and then got another answer after trying to derive it. Can someone show me how you is derived or shows me where I am wrong so that I can complete the parts through integration?

## Color Correction – How can gamma be applied correctly to linear raw files from an image processing camera?

Visually, this looks absolutely correct to me. In your unmatched image on my color-calibrated monitor, the steps between the gray spots appear at irregular intervals. In the adjusted image, they are more noticeable.

Is color saturation a natural consequence of applying a gamma value, and if so, what can be done to compensate for this effect?

No. This is a consequence if correct black levels and white points are not set. You should do this before you apply the gamma curve.

The gamma curve that you used has the following form:

The light line applies to the values displayed in the histogram. Once you've applied this curve, you'll get a histogram like this:

This is basically a boring, "flat" curve – that is, even though it has no linear value, it is perceptively basically like that. You can see, however, that the values are all in the middle. This is very functional and maybe that's what you want for image processing, but in general it's not what we want visually Ones. You may just want to increase the contrast by dragging the black and white dots as follows:

What gives a picture like this:

… much less washed out.

Your camera may have an adjustable black level, and you may want to raise it slightly. You must also set a suitable white level for your camera for conversion. You may want to check the Dcraw code to see how it normally does. (Well, spoiler: dcraw sets the white level to the 99th percentile of the histogram.)

Incidentally, this result has such a histogram:

what you can see extends to the extremes of the histogram. Since I am working with an 8-bit image in an 8-bit area, you can see that the colors are getting sparse. For "real work" you want to work with a higher bit depth (and probably only apply a transformation instead of a series).

This is definitely a bit boring. In the visual world, we may want to apply an s-curve to increase the power:

yielding

… or something like that.

## raw – How to apply gamma correctly to the image processing camera

I'm using a machine vision camera that produces linear pixels, according to the manufacturer. As a result, I need to apply a gamma correction to the image before I can see the result. However, after applying a gamma correction to the image, the colors appear washed out.

Before each gamma correction:

After applying 2.2 gamma:

Overall, the brightness in the picture looks much better. The colors in the Color Checker, however, seem very oversaturated. Is color saturation a natural consequence of applying a gamma value, and if so, what can be done to compensate for this effect?

## xfce – Redshift Gamma ramp size too small: 0 Error while starting the adaption method randr

I use Linux Mint 18.3, it is Ubuntu 16.04 base

in my thinkpad t480 (laptop has nvidia card), the redshift works fine

but in my dell optiplex 3060m (desktop pc has only intel gpu), the redshift does not work:

``````Gamma ramp size too small: 0
Failed to start fitting method randr.
``````

How can I fix this?

## Numerics – Calculation between gamma functions

I've calculated the gamma functions in Mathematica while there is no agreed answer.

By definition, $$Gamma[alpha]= int_0 ^ infty t ^ { alpha-1} e ^ {- t} dt$$, $$Gamma[alpha,z]= int_z ^ infty t ^ { alpha-1} e ^ {- t} dt$$ and $$Gamma[alpha,z_1,z_2]= int_ {z_1} ^ {z_2} t ^ { alpha-1} e ^ {- t} dt$$, So we should have $$Gamma[alpha]-Gamma[alpha,z]$$ should be the same $$Gamma[alpha,0,z]$$, This is not the case. I'll just leave it $$alpha = 200$$ and $$z$$ from 1 to 5 the numbers do not fit; see below.

``````    α = 200;
table[{Gamma[α] - gamma[α, z]gamma[α, 0, z]}, {z, 1, 5}]{{0th * 10 ^ 359, 0.00184859}, {0. * 10 ^ 359, 1.0983 * 10 ^ 57}, {0. * 10 ^ 359.6.71225 * 10 ^ 91},
{0th * 10 ^ 359, 2.41279 * 10 ^ 116}, {0. * 10 ^ 359, 2.14999 * 10 ^ 135}}
``````

Why this?

## complex analysis – Using the Cauchy formula to solve \$ int_ gamma frac {e ^ {z ^ 2}} {z ^ 2-6z} =

Calculate the integral $$I = int_ gamma f (z) dz$$,from where $$f (z) = frac {e ^ {z ^ 2}} {z ^ 2-6z}$$ from where $$gamma = {z || z-2 | = 3 }$$

I thought about using it $$f (z_0) = frac {1} {2 pi i} int frac {f (z_0)} {z-z_0} dz$$

rewrite $$int_ gamma frac {e ^ {z ^ 2}} {z ^ 2-6z} = int_ gamma frac {e ^ {z ^ 2}} {z (z-6)} = int_ gamma frac { frac {e ^ {z ^ 2}} {z}} {(z-6)}$$

The scope $$gamma$$ determines that this is the domain in which we want the function $$frac {e ^ {z ^ 2}} {z}$$ to use contains $$z-6$$,

So the application of the Cauchy formula:

$$int f (z) dz = pi i frac {e ^ {6 ^ 2}} {3}$$

The solution, however, says that the value of integral is $$frac {- pi i} {3}$$

Question:

What am I doing wrong?


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# What should be offered in undergraduate mathematics that's currently not (or isn't usually)? [closed]

What's one class that mathematics that should be offered to undergraduates that isn't usually? One answer per post.

Ex: Just to throw some ideas out there Mathematical Physics (for math students, not for physics students) Complexity Theory

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## closed as no longer relevant by Felipe Voloch, Bill Johnson, Andres Caicedo, Mark Meckes, Yemon ChoiJan 8 '12 at 20:11

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Courses in physics and complexity theory were certainly available in my undergrad days, and were mandatory for some undergrads. I guess it depends on the country, and possibly the college...?

One glaring omission that was prevalent in my time (and place) was number theory. It was typical for math graduates to never have seen even the statement of quadratic reciprocity, which I find crazy.

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Bayesian Statistics. I think it's more useful in many practical situations than traditional statistics.

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Bayesian statistics is more coherent too. You can cover the basics in a week (and spend a career looking at the implications of those basics!) –  John D. Cook Nov 6 '09 at 22:46

Traditional Statistics. Many biology majors end up knowing more statistics than many mathematics majors which I think is a weird state of affairs.

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It's easy to teach statistics if you're sloppy, but if you want to be careful you quickly end up in deep water -- philosophical controversies, not to mention measure theory etc. So I think one reason stat is not often taught to math undergrads is that it's hard to do well. –  John D. Cook Nov 6 '09 at 22:44

Basics of numerical methods: What computers can and can't do and how they operate in general.

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I think undergraduates should take problem-solving classes. I don't think such classes are widely available, but bright students who didn't do a lot of problem-solving in high school would definitely get a lot out of them.

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I agree that problem solving is good. But the current phenomenon of having "problem solving" classes implies that the rest of mathematics is not about problem solving. Problem solving should be incorporated into the standard curriculum. –  Michael Lugo Nov 3 '09 at 18:27
Fair point. What would be ideal is if classes more strongly emphasized problems and less strongly emphasized the stating and proving of theorems without motivation. –  Qiaochu Yuan Nov 3 '09 at 18:35
To be contrarian, I've found that problem solving classes tend to be prep classes for exams like the IMO and the Putnam. Although you can teach students to do well on exams, I think there's better things you can do with their time. –  Ryan Budney Nov 6 '09 at 22:24
I was thinking more along the lines of the third excerpt from Halmos here: qchu.wordpress.com/2009/08/05/halmos-on-writing-and-education –  Qiaochu Yuan Nov 6 '09 at 22:47

Programming. I think it varies a lot from department to department but some places seem to do a bad job of teaching programming and it can be a really important skill.

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I think programming is not only useful to be able to compute something with the aid of a computer, but programming implies a special way of thinking about problems. Debugging experience and software engineering has helped me much in mathematics. (So, my +1) –  Konrad Voelkel Dec 7 '09 at 16:08
I would also add some bit of "Experimental mathematics" to programming---excellent combination. –  Suvrit Aug 25 '11 at 23:55
And especially, programming well. There are a lot of techniques and tricks that make programming much less painful: source version control, how to write tests, good comments vs bad comments, how to refactor code so that it's readable and "makes sense", use the right language for the right problem and don't worry about premature optimizations... –  Federico Poloni Aug 26 '11 at 7:43

Approximation/asymptotics. It amazes me how many otherwise good students don't have a sense for which parts of an expression are large and which are small.

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My EE education in Romania was 10% about how to approximate. Of course, that's not an exact figure. –  rgrig Mar 15 '10 at 10:45

Category theory!

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IMO category theory is best kept until the student has a context for it. So picking up bits and pieces as they learn algebraic topology is a natural thing to do, making it graduate level material for most students. –  Ryan Budney Nov 6 '09 at 22:40
I think there is a big danger in making undergraduate classes (especially classes with a strong algebraic flavor) consist entirely of definitions and trivial lemmas. A good class needs some deep theorems! Dwelling on things like category theory often ends up making this problem worse. –  Andy Putman Nov 9 '09 at 8:04
Okay, so make it "category theory done right"! But I wouldn't teach a class that was called "Category Theory". That would be like offering a class in, oh I don't know, "Rings and modules". What's the point of that? But category theory could easily be introduced into a more general course well before they reached the "Algebraic Topology" stage where we can finally use the word "functor" without shame. And I disagree completely with your statement "A good class needs some deep theorems". No! A good class needs a story. –  Loop Space Nov 9 '09 at 8:54
Using categories achieves this unification at only a superficial level. A better strategy is to have "capstone" courses on subjects like, say, semisimple Lie algebras that are pretty accessible but use real ideas and results from several different undergraduate areas. –  Andy Putman Nov 11 '09 at 6:51
The point is that category theory does enable you too see how much of what you are doing is trivial. It is a huge conceptual organizer: Free groups, tensor products, sheafification, ... These things used to be hard to understand (and compute with!) before people routinely used universal mapping properties. You don't have to teach a course on category theory, but emphasizing universal properties first, before giving the crazy constructions particular to each subject area, is a great unifying tool that helps to organize any subject. –  Steven Gubkin Nov 12 '09 at 19:44

Having been offered a not-all-that typical undergraduate curriculum, and having then proceeded to miss a lot of it through over-sleeping, I'm not sure what is or isn't usually offered up. Does Ramsey theory (or even just Ramsey's theorem) get a mention in undergrad-level combinatorics? If not, that'd be my suggestion: about the only mathematics I've succeeded in explaining to non-scientists in the pub, from R(3,3) to the idea of lower bounds via random colourings.

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Inequalities!

I don't think I've ever seen a course on inequalities, and there's certainly enough elementary material to cover in a one-semester course. Very few undergrads know much about inequalities.

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I agree. And the book "Cauchy-Schwarz Master Class" by Michael Steele would be a great textbook for the class. –  John D. Cook Nov 6 '09 at 22:41

Computational Algebraic Geometry. Something like the book "Ideals, Varieties and Algorithms" by Cox, Little and O'Shea serves as a good bridge from high school algebra with lots of computations and polynomials to modern algebra with rings and groups, without assuming knowledge of the latter.

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At Bangor years ago we had an undergrad course on Grobner bases etc. Ronnie Brown taught it and it seemed to go down well with the students. He says: It is claimed that mathematics is so advanced that it is impossible for students to read research papers in the subject. However, in a Bangor course on Groebner Bases, one quarter of the continuous assessment was the following: use a bibiliographic database to search for papers on Groebner bases, choose on, and write an account of its use of Groebner bases to the best of your ability and knowledge in the time available. –  Tim Porter Mar 14 '10 at 18:12

Basic logic. Coming into university we all start from different backgrounds and some of us have been taught poorly in the past and haven't had the opportunity to learn the fundamentals of conditional statements or if and only ifs, etc. For example, knowing that proving the contrapositive is the same as proving the original statement is worthy knowledge indeed! Try proving that if x^2 is even then x is even without knowing this trick.

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The contrapositive is every mathematician's best friend. –  Qiaochu Yuan Nov 4 '09 at 1:14
That is, anyone whose best friend isn't the contrapositive isn't a mathematician. –  Tom Church Nov 4 '09 at 4:21

I would have loved a class on how to write mathematical papers and what goes into mathematics research. Everything from neat Latex tricks to how to organize and structure ideas, theorems, etc, going over bad vs good papers, even perhaps discussing what makes good math books. As well, an overview of what goes into a PhD thesis would have been extremely useful. It's a shame that one usually has to pick up these various bits of info on their own. The class could coincide with a current undergraduate senior project for example and act as a supplement. I took a similar class like this in the physics department and it helped me immensely with my work.

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There's not a whole lot of magic when it comes to writing good papers or books. Usually the magic is an immense amount of hidden effort. Allen Hatcher's "Algebraic Topology" is considered a pretty good book. I have dot-matrix printouts of some of the first versions, dating back to about when Hatcher arrived at Cornell. So the book represents about 30 years of teaching algebraic topology, and many iterates of revising the lecture notes. –  Ryan Budney Nov 6 '09 at 22:43
I now wish I had such a class as an undergrad, incidentally, although I think some of the undergrads actually in the class view it (incorrectly!) as "fluff." (Many students take 18.100B, which gives the analysis without the writing.) I disagree with Ryan Budney: just like giving presentations, or teaching, or even conducting research, there are lots of specific, teachable skills that can improve one's writing. Before helping to teach this class, I could diagnose a paragraph as unclear, and with enough work I could fix it. ... –  JBL Mar 18 '10 at 15:50
The content of this class includes both a language to describe certain types of bad writing, and tools for quickly identifying and correcting what about it loses the reader. In other words, there are techniques to make good writing easier, and people who are good writers typically either know these techniques or have a strong intuitive feel for them. Just as is the case with any other endeavor, teaching the techniques makes it easier to do it well, and having really good heuristics lets one write better without having to work any harder at it. –  JBL Mar 18 '10 at 15:58

Maybe this is an overbroad answer, but I'd like to see more specialized subjects that are just really fun. Computational geometry (in the classical/Euclidean sense, not the computational algebraic geometry sense) is the example that leaps to mind -- I'm not aware of anywhere that offers it as an explicitly undergrad-level course, despite the fact that it's amazingly fun, quite simple (I suspect that bright undergrads could get to Arora's PTAS for Euclidean TSP within a semester, and certainly Christofides' algorithm is within the reach of anyone who's taken basic algorithms), and practically useful, although I guess this is more (T)CS than straight math...

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I think a great class for undergrads (in particular, for seniors planning on grad school) would be a capstone "Comparative Mathematics" course. In my imagining, this would be a mix of math history, the "greatest hits", contrasting the fundamental objects of study and proof techniques, and an introduction to the map of modern mathematics. Think the Princeton Companion to Mathematics distilled into a semester.

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I'm going to change the question slightly. What topics do we all think are taught in undergraduate mathematics, but often leak out of the curriculum so that students see too little of them? I have in mind the standard situation at large research universities, where there is a mix of good and not-so-good students.

My pet peeves:

1. Complex numbers as they should appear in standard calculus and linear algebra. They tend to be postponed to upper division courses. Complex numbers greatly simplify both trig identities and partial fractions, but calculus students aren't told.
2. Complex analysis. It tends to float to the top of upper division and disappear.
3. Full multivariate calculus: The Jacobian of a general change of coordinates, the derivative of a multivariate inverse function, maybe also the multivariate Newton's method. The calculus sequence often chickens out and just does special cases of the first of these.
4. Higher-dimensional Euclidean geometry. Like, the definition of an n-cube and the fact that it has 2n vertices.
5. Multivariate probability, especially with both discrete and continuous features.
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Linear algebra. At least, it's not taught to math majors. They tend to see little bits of it in the calculus sequence (in order to solve systems of ODEs, for example) and then again in an abstract algebra class (matrices being a nice source of examples of groups) but never see a coherent treatment of it. At least this is true at the universities I'm familiar with. In both cases there is a linear algebra course mostly taken by nonmajors, but it's not possible for majors to get credit for both linear algebra and first-semester abstract algebra (basically the group theory course). –  Michael Lugo Nov 4 '09 at 13:31
Adding emphasis to your comment (3), I find especially in the States there's a rather artificial distinction between "analysis" and "calculus". To the point that calculus is seen as mindless symbol manipulation, but in analysis thought is allowed. John Hubbard's textbook does a great job of blurring those boundaries, especially when it comes to things like the inverse function theorem and Newton's method. –  Ryan Budney Nov 6 '09 at 22:32
My son took a really good AP calculus course at the local high school, using the most standard textbook and in some sense the most standard syllabus. So I've seen it from the other side. I don't think it's fair to call it "mindless symbol manipulation". But it is true that American universities sell calculus short in various ways. One reflection of that is that a good AP calculus course can be harder than the university product. –  Greg Kuperberg Nov 6 '09 at 22:59
In Germany, linear algebra is emphasized very much. Every university I know has a compulsory one-year linear algebra course along with the one-year analysis course (whose second semester is devoted to multivariate calculus) in the first year. Complex numbers are usually one of the first things which are introduced. Sometimes, they are even introduced in the first week of both courses since the professors talk less to each other than they should ;). But then, in most courses in analysis one is not really told what to do to solve an integral. –  Lennart Meier Jun 16 '10 at 8:35

A calculus class that goes very slowly.

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If you don't teach calculus well, you can't have a decent math major. –  Charlie Frohman Mar 15 '10 at 12:44

Igor Rivin has a whole diatribe on this topic!

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When I was in my first year, I always missed order theory. I teached it to myself then and thought many times "Why didn't they teach us this - we would understand everything so much better!"

And I still think so today. Order theory starts off easy, when you lern about relations, preorders, lattices and so on, and then you get into Zorns Lemma, Schörder-Bernstein Theorem and stuff like that.

But I'm also on the category theory track. I think the notion of category will become, just like the notion of a group, more common sense, not just in mathematics but also in computer science, physics, chemistry and maybe even more.

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That should cover that in an axiomatic set theory course-which ALL math majors should have as a required course. –  Andrew L May 7 '10 at 5:05

Following Greg's lead, I wish that undergrads who want to become math majors didn't "skip out" of differential equations classes (in their eagerness to get to the good stuff like Drinfeld chtoukas, or whatever). I can't think of a more important foundational subject that tends to be systematically avoided by the "best" undergraduate mathematics students.

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I completely agree!!! Lots of places have "rigorous linear algebra" type classes (I'm teaching one right now) -- I wonder why more places don't have a differential equations class geared for math majors. There are even nice books available (like Hurewitz's beautiful little book, or Arnold's). –  Andy Putman Nov 12 '09 at 19:35
I think part of the problem here is the types of course offerings universities have. For example, when I was an undergrad at U.Alberta, there was an honours intro ODEs course, but it was taught like a service course and was largely non-rigorous. It's difficult to attract students to material when the curricula is presented in such an unflattering light. –  Ryan Budney Aug 31 '11 at 15:21

How to write on a blackboard! At the very least, how to write so that the chalk doesn't squeak.

(Declaration of interests: this was inspired by Kim Greene's answer to Tyler Lawson's question about getting fonts right on a blackboard.)

Slightly more seriously, we should teach our students how to present their ideas well.

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It won't be much longer ... classrooms won't have chalkboards at all. –  Gerald Edgar Mar 14 '10 at 18:30
WHY NOT?!? Low tech is good sometimes. –  Andrew L May 7 '10 at 5:01
Blackboards are threatened in many places (I'm aware of Oxford, and some places in Australia). The mathematicians I know in those places are very unhappy with this situation. –  André Henriques May 11 '11 at 18:05

Courses aimed towards applied, rather than pure, mathematics. Like a modeling course related to environmental sciences, perhaps. Most math majors prepare the students for graduate school in pure mathematics, but offer less support for applied tracks, and there be some good careers there.

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I did a course with Atomic and Nuclear Physics making up a third of the time. Apart from beautiful functional analysis and topology courses, one of my favorite courses was in Quantum Mechanics taught by an excellent Physics prof. I there understood about orthogonal functions, etc. He talked sense! The earlier courses on these subjects went straight past me. I could do the problems but did not grok them. –  Tim Porter Mar 14 '10 at 18:27

I was never offered a geometry course as an undergraduate, and there's so much lovely geometry, from Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometries, to algebraic and differential geometry, and the rest. So...geometry.

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A course that just attempts to define the current research areas of maths. If the landscape is so complex, why can't undergraduates be provided with a map, so to speak, in order to begin to decipher this subject?

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Once students have been exposed to linear algebra and vector calculus, build calculus on manifolds using many examples; i.e. go from real $\mathbb{R}$-abstract multilinear to the de Rham complex, illustrating in $\mathbb{R}^3$. All that easen differential geometry, differential topology Riemannian geometry, etc.

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But, please, with motivation. Understanding manifolds is THE hardest part of "elementary" advanced mathematics. Just introducing them by an abstract definition and then doing proofs by "local-global" handwaving doesn't do the job; the students will neither have an idea what the definition signifies, nor why the handwaving is allowed. Maybe some non-Euclidean geometry as a nontrivial motivating example would be useful... –  darij grinberg Mar 15 '10 at 11:18
I actually would love to see non-euclidean geometry (from a more elementary perspective) and differential geometry unified into one course. You always see elementary books which give you bits and pieces of the idea that there are other geometries, and that the sophisticated way of doing this is differential geometry - then much later in life you get thrown into a course where you pick up from multivariable calculus and define manifolds, tangent spaces, tensor fields, etc... There should be an attempt to show the connection between the two. –  David Corwin Jun 16 '10 at 8:12

DESIDERATA:

• asymptotical analysis and its applications
• analytic combinatorics
• analytic number theory
• complex analysis with focus on transforms (i.e laplace, inverse laplace, saddle-point method, stationary phase...)

WE NEED MORE OF THOSE BEFORE THE UGRADS THINK THAT CATEGORY THEORY IS THE PINNACLE OF MATH!!! (the last sentence is a joke, please do not get offended anybody out there).

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Combinatorics seems like one of those subjects that you really have to have a natural affinity for. –  Harry Gindi Dec 7 '09 at 10:15
IMHO there is already too much unmotivated analysis in undergrad education. I rarely meet undergrads who think categories are the pinnacle of math, but I do meet more than enough undergrads who think that two-lines bounds involving epsilons, deltas, absolute values (as commonly seen in stochastics, diff. equations and asymptotics) are the pinnacle of maths. –  darij grinberg Mar 15 '10 at 11:06
@Harry: I used to think so too. But then I saw analytic combinatorics, 'done right', and I learned to really enjoy it, while I hated my 2nd year combinatorics class. –  Jacques Carette May 20 '10 at 2:31
@Jacques, which book did you use? or did you go from lecture notes? It always seems that combinatorics is almost never taught in an understandable way... –  Michael Hoffman May 20 '10 at 21:14

Motivation.

I have seen many students dropping out of math because they didn't get an answer to the question "why should I learn this?". Of course, one could say, a good student should have intrinsic motivation and/or figure out the motivations by himself, but this seems to me like wasting potential.

I don't want to say that mathematics courses don't provide any motivation, but in undergraduate courses (and even textbooks), especially in linear algebra and calculus (when there isn't so much time), I haven't seen enough motivation.

This motivation should go beyond "we want to model the physical world" and/or "with this theorem you can calculate the Eigenvalues". Students need the story between these two extremal answers, they need to know how calculation of Eigenvalues is really applied in modelling the physical world. (This is just an example, I would appreciate to see more motivation for abstract, non-applied mathematics, too)

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When teaching eigenvalues the textbook I used gave a simple predator prey example and then looked at the diagrams of the phase space . (I think it was woodrats and spotted owls (oops that is a prey-predator problem!)) The oscillations in population levels could be seen to be interesting as a simple explanation of things students have heard about. That lead o to how on earth can you calculate these eigenvalues and eigen vectors and to some numerical methods. The point was that the example chosen was simple enough to comprehend without knowing a whole lot of some other subject area. –  Tim Porter Mar 14 '10 at 19:38

Caveat: My undergraduate & graduate studies were both not in Math but in Engineering. But I would love to have taken a course on the history of mathematics and I think this isn't a commonly offered course. There are lots of compelling stories here and it also gives a great perspective on how the different areas of math came to be born (non-Euclidean geometry from work on the parallel postulate to name one). Knowing how a subject evolved historically can give a nice perspective on the subject especially when a formal course on the subject might not necessarily follow the same order of ideas.

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With the proviso that much of the older "folk history" is, I'm told, not accurate, or is misleading. I went to several entertaining history of mathematics lectures where this was pointed out vehemently. Also, the history of ideas is really tricky, because we have to try and understand how e.g. the Greeks thought, not how we would think about what they appear to describe. –  Yemon Choi Mar 15 '10 at 6:40

What about "Mathematics with Computers"? Having modern computer algebra and symbolic computation tools available, one can use them to present and explore nontrivial examples in various fields of mathematics. Part of the course could also present basic algorithms and other techniques used.

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I think you could fudge a bit and get a good idea of how the algorithms work, assuming they have a basic background in abstract algebra –  Michael Hoffman May 20 '10 at 21:10

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# An alternating series with non-decreasing subsequence [closed]

I have an alternating series $\displaystyle\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (-1)^{n+1}a_n.$ I know that it is convergent. I have to find $a_n$ which is non-decreasing.

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## closed as unclear what you're asking by This is much healthier., Sharkos, Rick Decker, Michael Albanese, rogerlJul 16 at 0:54

Please clarify your specific problem or add additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it’s hard to tell exactly what you're asking. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.

From your title it appears that you're looking for a subsequence but it's not clear from your text. The usual way to write a subsequence is ${a_{n_k}}$ ($k = 1, 2, 3...$). As stated, I think the claim that there's such a subsequence which you're trying to prove is false: suppose $a_n = 1/n$, then the series is convergent but every subsequence of ${a_n}$ is decreasing. –  Jonah Sinick Oct 29 '12 at 1:09
If the series is convergent, then $a_n\to 0$, and as $a_n\ge 0$, cannot have an infinite increasing subsequent. And a nondecreasing $a_n$ then must be quasiconstant $0$.


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# Bromination of ethyl substituted benzaldehydes

In a material that I use to study High School Organic Chemistry, the bromination of ethyl substituted benzaldehydes is given as follows:

Source: FIITJEE Grand Masters Package - Chemistry (JEE Preparatory Material)

$\ce{-CHO}$ is a meta directing group, and $\ce{-C2H5}$ is an ortho, para directing group. So isn't some of the products given wrong?

For example, let's take the bromination of ortho ethyl benzaldehyde. Shouldn't the 2nd product's bromine be in a way that is in position 4 wrt $\ce{-C2H5}$ and position 3 wrt $\ce{-CHO}$?

In the meta ethyl benzaldehyde case, why is the $\ce{-CHO}$ group not affecting the position of $\ce{Br}$? Even though it is meta directing, $\ce{Br}$ doesn't seem to substitute the $\ce{H}$ in the meta position of $\ce{-CHO}$

I searched the internet for more information regarding such reactions, and could not find any helpful results for this case.

So, here $\ce{Br}$ will go to the o/p position of ethyl group.


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## erive the boundary layer meridional momentum equation and the eddy meridional momentum flux

The meridional momentum equation is:

dv/dt + u dv/dx + v dv/dy + w dv/dz = - 1/p dp/dz - fu

Please apply the Reynolds averaging to this equation and derive the boundary layer meridional momentum equation and the eddy meridional momentum flux. Hint: Please reference to the lecture slides for the derivation of boundary layer zonal momentum equation and eddy zonal momentum flux. Apply the same procedure to the meridional equation and note the some differences in signs.


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### Invalid Escape Character In String Jsonc 261

This column is available starting with Oracle Database 12 c Release 2 (12. Overview II. *The maximum size limit for file upload is 2 megabytes. Nevertheless it is possible by using the. Recently Added Series. Escape character issue in “run keyword if” in Robot Framework This script is not working as the string contains single quotes (') and double quotes (") and comparing the string is not working in this case. 1,824 Likes, 14 Comments - Tommy Norman (@tnorman23) on Instagram: “Thank you @mallarina_forever for inviting me to speak tonight to the @ualittlerocknsls_”. Double quotes may be embedded within a string by placing a backslash (\) in front of the character. The following characters are reserved in JSON and must be properly escaped to be used in strings: Backspace is replaced with \b. How FOR JSON escapes special characters and control characters (SQL Server) 03/16/2017; 2 minutes to read +1; In this article. The sqlplus command runs the script then tries to read more commands from standard input. 9) SWITCH case labels (Section 7. The errata list is a list of errors and their corrections that were found after the book was printed. Extending Dreamweaver 60 Escape characters The following is a list of escape characters that Dreamweaver supports, along with the strings to specify them and descriptions of their usage. The provisions of this Code shall apply to: 1. - Fixed an issue where special characters weren't displayed correctly in the game. February 23, 2016 Read | Listen (12:36) Bad Skepticism: Why You Should Challenge Popular Assumptions (Skeptoid #506) - From swamp gas and waterspouts to alternative medicine, the harm of not challenging popular. , the user does not have to manually escape the keys to get their associated value). 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A better approach would be to ask for invalid input several times and only bail out if a termination character like q / Q is entered or the user did not provide a valid input six times in a row. For example, ESC # 6. If found at the beginning of a line, the line will be ignored altogether. To print the escape character \ you need to use \\. loads出错：ValueError: Invalid \escape: line 1 column 145 (char 145) JSON crifan 7年前 (2013-01-10) 9293浏览 0评论 【问题】. Thanks, Alain. "evalue": "EOL while scanning string literal (, line 2)",. , the universally displayable characters between 0x00 and 0x7F), where the compromises taken when mapping between two character sets are chosen to be near what a human with a US keyboard would choose. 286 : 429 : 430 : If viewing standard input and the LESSOPEN variable does not begin with vertical bar, the LESSOPEN script will be passed a filename "-". 2012-09-16 Nikto 2. ENTMQCL-249 [cpp] Incorrect handling of invalid addresses ENTMQCL-261 [proton-c] Username sent twice during SASL AUTH ENTMQCL-418 [dotnet] Support intercepting rejection of sent messages ENTMQCL-414 [dotnet] ReceiveSelector example creates \bin in wrong directory ENTMQCL-409 [cpp] messaging_handler is not copyable. JSON String Escape / Unescape. These characters need to be escaped (or encoded) inside JSON strings. character karakter be out of character (bir davranış için) birinin karakterine uymamak ne demek. \codesnippet {replparser}{251}{252} Then, we create a function that prints out a prompt and reads in a line of input: \codesnippet {replparser}{254}{255} Pull the code to parse and evaluate a string and trap the errors out of main into its own function: \codesnippet {replparser}{257}{258} And write a function that evaluates a string and prints. 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It encodes to MPEG-4 (DivX/Xvid), one of the libavcodec codecs and PCM/MP3/VBRMP3 audio in 1, 2 or 3 passes. 4) TYPE /MATCH (Section 1. Double quotes may be embedded within a string by placing a backslash (\) in front of the character. Values for Status has the following meaning:. A null string is an invalid pathname. "---The Classical Cookbook, Andrew Dalby and Sally Grainger [J. "ERROR 3140 (22032) at line 37: Invalid JSON text: "Invalid escape character in string. An example is 1848 Morse Code. AuthenticateUserAction] Could not log into the web application. About JSCompress. by smashing the enter key to long, the program bails out and you have to start all over. Personal challenge: Design your own letters to print out your initials. + Added wake_on_wlan connection setting to configure wake-on-wireless-lan (WoWLAN). Shop Petco for a variety of pet food, supplies, and services. Recommended Python Training - DataCamp For Python training, our top recommendation is DataCamp. n1 is the character position in string s1 to start stuffing. Please also consider those that participated in [#2714089] when assigning issue credit. Bytes in the string which are not valid UTF-8, and UTF-8 characters which do not exist in ISO-8859-1 (that is, characters above U+00FF) are replaced with ?. Page 5 of 474. "evalue": "EOL while scanning string literal (, line 2)",. Kindly note that the normative copy is the HTML version; the PDF version has been produced to generate a printable document. Open the link in a new window. 7-bit ASCII Character Codes. 0 and Version 3. State of the Law A. Processing is done locally: no data send to server. You can configure the validator to be lenient or strict. Приветствую тебя, читатель. Just wrap it up nicely in fig leaves fastened above with string, then hide it under hot ashes, keeping a watch on the time when it will be baked. Returns a string describing the compile-time configuration. There is now a category to list pages with invalid music code. Open the link in a new window. To escape an extended character that is not in the Basic Multilingual Plane, the character is represented as a twelve-character sequence, encoding the UTF-16 surrogate pair. loads出错：ValueError: Invalid \escape: line 1 column 145 (char 145) JSON crifan 7年前 (2013-01-10) 9293浏览 0评论 【问题】. Invalid Characters and Escape Rules. Now, you can coordinate with coworkers, organize a game night, and keep in touch with family all in the same place. So say that, using the same example, t he Item Description is "COMPANY NAME PRODUCT NAME" and I need to split this up into two separate columns that read column #1 "COMPANY NAME" and column # 2 "PRODUCT NAME". cmakePath": "\Common7\IDE\CommonExtensions\Microsoft\CMake\CMake\bin\cmake. For security reasons, the code point U+0000 will also be replaced by U+FFFD. Escape character is '^]'. Heavenly reality. /server/core. Do not exclude non-public sites for relations anymore. Probably most popular jsonschema can take up to 5 seconds for valid inputs and 1. ASCII stands for "American Standard Code for Information Interchange". 18) The new IF MATCH statement (Section 7. This is about what this issue. You can redeem points for free gift cards, games, movies, and more. Reinstall the "Roblox" program. You will receive emails about Microsoft Rewards, including offers about Microsoft and partner products. Long String. GitLab Community Edition. A backslash may be embedded by placing two consecutive backslash characters in the string. QC Entry 97565. If n1 is less than one, the first character position is assumed. mencoder (MPlayer’s Movie Encoder) is a simple movie encoder, designed to encode MPlayer-playable movies (see above) to other MPlayer-playable formats (see below). Initially, it is a zero byte. cyberman54. The optional closing sequence of #s must be preceded by a space and may be. The set of tokens includes six structural tokens, strings, numbers, and three literal name tokens. The algorithm tries each path through the NFA one by one until a match is found; the malicious input is crafted so every path is tried which results in a failure. While this doesn't display so makes the JSON appear OK, it is not syntactically valid in JSON. IKEA offers everything from living room furniture to mattresses and bedroom furniture so that you can design your life at home. - Added new HUD element for car status. cnf (Unix operating systems) or my. trim(); where s represents the new String with no white space, tab or new-line characters. decided: recommendations and decision(s) has been made by one or more of the following: a task-force, XPath WG, or XQuery WG. Installation. Wide characters (such as Japanese or Chinese) now display correctly when the Reflection host character set is set to UTF8. It contains major spoilers and I consider that the player is already familiar with most names and normal game events. Recently Added Series. To clear the SQL mode explicitly, set it to an empty string using --sql-mode="" on the command. • Filename too long, contains invalid characters or has invalid syntax. All non-printable characters must be escaped. If the parsing is incomplete, NULL will be returned and json_tokener_get_error() will return json_tokener_continue. Travels and Explorations. My Current response is;. If code truly needs a file, it will be necessary to extract the information to a file, first. Anonymous http://www. 5 Ok data 354 End data with. A string is a set of characters that starts with a double quote (") and is followed by zero or more printable characters. It's like a private chat room for your small group. ivankravets November 27, 2018,. In November, in Cabañas Department, a counter-insurgency operation surrounded and kept under attack for 13 days a group of 1,000 people who were trying to escape to Honduras. Do not exclude non-public sites for relations anymore. "Minor" changes are text changes that only affect capitalization, punctuation, and whitespace. #N#FloatParseHandling. It encodes to MPEG-4 (DivX/Xvid), one of the libavcodec codecs and PCM/MP3/VBRMP3 audio in 1, 2 or 3 passes. If the parsing is incomplete, NULL will be returned and json_tokener_get_error() will return json_tokener_continue. Provide details and share your research! But avoid … Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. The string does not need to be a JSON object or array; it can also be a string, number or boolean value. 261 263 inline bool. Add methods for removing all invalid characters according to XML 1. Given an int variable modelYear and a string modelName write a statement that prints the message "RECALL" to standard output if the values of modelYear and modelName match the recall details. cannot explain plan of given statement. Mocha tests run serially, allowing for flexible and accurate reporting, while mapping uncaught exceptions to the correct test cases. parse: bad escape character SyntaxError: JSON. If strict is false (True is the default), then control characters will be allowed inside strings. json or project. I use \2\ in place of \ to escape special characters. local p = {} local runeMonster = {} runeMonster ["AMAZON_Fire_4_NORMAL"] = "4815;362;208" runeMonster ["AMAZON_Fire_5_NORMAL"] = "6540;492;283" runeMonster ["AMAZON. Backspace is replaced with \b, Form feed is replaced with \f, Newline is replaced with , Carriage return is replaced with \r, Tab is replaced with \t, Double quote is replaced with \", Backslash is replaced with \\. Characters that precede the AT prefix are ignored. fl/ In late December, the Atlacatl Battalion carried out one of the worst massacres of the war, in various. ASCII Character Chart with Decimal, Binary and Hexadecimal Conversions. ReadValue(WrapperFactory factory, JsonReader reader) in x:\tAPI Core\LitJson\JsonMapper. United States, 350 U. Open the link in a new window. 2011-10-17 18:42:33,302 ERROR [org. json中配置git路径时，新增键值对"git. parse: bad Unicode escape SyntaxError: JSON. The string does not need to be a JSON object or array; it can also be a string, number or boolean value. All land and land development within the incorporated areas of the City of Arvada;. A numeric character reference is parsed as the corresponding Unicode character. Volume Converter. #60630: The compiler has an interned string type, called symbol. Length Converter. 2 ATX headings. This test suite comes from Dominic Sayers and is a mix of RFC examples and examples from other validators. This has been fixed. cmakePath": "\Common7\IDE\CommonExtensions\Microsoft\CMake\CMake\bin\cmake. I found tools which find anomalies in 2D data e. 1，在配置文件中，提示错误“Invalid escape character in string. Net Developer Community Forum: Test Accounts, Sample Code, AIM/SIM Integration, Simple Checkout, Merchant Interface, APIs, Affiliate and. Function with this name is already defined and has another return type. 286 : 429 : 430 : If viewing standard input and the LESSOPEN variable does not begin with vertical bar, the LESSOPEN script will be passed a filename "-". " at position 3088 in value for column '#sql-4c59_f7a98. txt" using 1:($2) with lines title "first line" then Gnuplot will leave a gap. These escape sequences encode commands such as "change the pen color to red" (\e[31m) or "go to cell (5, 12)" (\e[12;5H). The following files can be freely downloaded: ECMA-262 edition 10. eol equal to os. See the NOTICE file distributed with 004 * this. Temperature Converter. config file is an XML file, where you cannot use < and > characters except for the tags. This column is available starting with Oracle Database 12 c Release 2 (12. x, the record identifier is a Unicode string while the fingerprint is a byte string. 20:45, 27 maj 2013 (CET) Tech news: 2013-23. YAML escape sequences use the “ \ ” notation common to most modern computer languages. cxf cannot marshall u+0001 in a string. The launch. 12 : security#3467: Lack of escaping of color items can lead to XSS exposure (CVE-2020-7106) issue#3422: When Graph Item is not linked to a data source, Comments do not always get variables substituted correctly issue#3424: Hosts are being incorrectly filtered when no location filter is set issue#3427: When exporting to a CSV with unicode characters, contents can become garbled. mikes: Modularize Log4j-api and make most other log4j jars automatic modules. If strict is false (True is the default), then control characters will be allowed inside strings. py: benchmark ASCII 1:1 but also ASCII 1:1 with deletion. GitHub Gist: instantly share code, notes, and snippets. Forward declaration is prohibited for structures. It contains major spoilers and I consider that the player is already familiar with most names and normal game events. Fixes CONFIGURATION-720. RFC 3261 SIP: Session Initiation Protocol June 2002 The first example shows the basic functions of SIP: location of an end point, signal of a desire to communicate, negotiation of session parameters to establish the session, and teardown of the session once established. 10 -m string --algo kmp --string "apple" -j REJECT #配置规则禁止apple字符串 iptables规则如下:. ; Full details can be found in GitHub's Issues, filter for the appropriate milestone. 3, quoted in footnote 11 of the Court's opinion Mention of the retail food industry is notably absent in the legislative history. Double quotes may be embedded within a string by placing a backslash (\) in front of the character. In this page you can convert an xml to json and viceversa. The "Shared" value is the total number of relationships in entries that were in both Version 4. 397 (1956), for example, the Court held that an indictment based solely on hearsay evidence is not invalid under the Grand Jury Clause of the Fifth Amendment. The things requested on the brainstorming page were clear problems: - the location bar didn't display non-latin characters properly - the domain name was lost within the entire URL, showing the domain (or just the TLD and root domain) in bold would help reduce the effectiveness of homonym phishing attacks These things are clear problems, and a. 22 "invalid hexadecimal number" 23 "integer constant is too large" 24 "invalid octal digit" 25 "quoted string should contain at least one character" 26 "too many characters in character constant" 27 "character value is out of range" 28 "expression must have a constant value" 29 "expected an expression" 30 "floating constant is out of range". /server/core. com/profile/05365000075418154395 [email protected] 5 release - Ticket 261: Update CSV report to include banner info and put data into proper columns - Ticket 247: Move etag header check to postfetch so no additional requests are made - Ticket 245: Liberal use of CDATA in XML report to prevent problems. Create a custom data handler for the JDBC binding and remove control characters there. If you want to learn more about JSON, jump to the JSON Explained section of. Eslint plugin for JSON files:warning: Starting from major 2. #N#Standard ASCII set, HTML Entity names, ISO 10646, ISO 8879, ISO 8859-1 Latin alphabet No. There are also several predefined date. exe"之后，会提示这个错误，这是由于字符串解析的转义导致。. For example, the following blockEnd tag contains a wildcard character. Submit your own errata for previous code segment (s[1:3]) when it says, "The second of the preceding operations, for instance, gives us all the characters in string S from offsets 1 through 2 (that is, 1 through 3-1) as a new string". first_10_bp = "gggtgcgacg' second 10_bp. DO NOT, I repeat, DO NOT escape an apostrophe in HTML using ' This is not a valid HTML character entity reference. @Derk J The new framework can allow lossy in the encoding. 0 and XML 1. Regular expression operations look sequentially for matches between the characters of the pattern and the characters in the target sequence: In principle, each character in the pattern is matched against the. start of header. 4) TYPE /MATCH (Section 1. This article is intended to give a review of the history of the classical aspects of unified field theories in the 20th century. This change introduces a small backward incompatibility (formerly, if keys contained escape characters, the user would have to include them when getting their value). " The same dump worked fine for me when am on 5. Reserved characters hold special meaning in the JSON format. JDBCExceptionReporter] ERROR: invalid escape string Hint: Escape string must be empty or one character. Hi Kabu, On adding escape character \ before special characters would resolve your issue. If no MarshalJSON method is present but the 34 // value implements encoding. Figure 1 shows a typical example of a SIP message exchange between two users, Alice and Bob. See De Re Atari for an example of SAVEing the six-byte BCD numbers to a disk file -- very useful when dealing with fixed record lengths. Thanks for contributing an answer to Code Review Stack Exchange! Please be sure to answer the question. Invalid utf8 character string × Après avoir cliqué sur "Répondre" vous serez invité à vous connecter pour que votre message soit publié. is an escape sequence that changes the current line of text to double-width characters. 261 263 inline bool. File zipFile = new File(zipUrl. All praise to Yashua the Messiah. the space character is \040. Double quotes may be embedded within a string by placing a backslash (\) in front of the character. To set the SQL mode at server startup, use the --sql-mode="modes" option on the command line, or sql-mode="modes" in an option file such as my. Newline is replaced with. A regular expression pattern is formed by a sequence of characters. The backslash is an escape character in string literals and can only be followed by a limited set of characters. Losslessly compressed data can be decompressed to exactly its original value. But, the following is an invalid easy connect syntax. set_double_byte_encoding(). Thanks for contributing an answer to Code Review Stack Exchange! Please be sure to answer the question. 1 in an input string to StringEscapeUtils. In November, in Cabañas Department, a counter-insurgency operation surrounded and kept under attack for 13 days a group of 1,000 people who were trying to escape to Honduras. In this case, the correct glyph index is 28 computed by following the general recommendations of the OpenType specification. Control characters in this context are those with character codes in the 0–31 range, including '\t' (tab), ' ', '\r' and '\0'. Fixes CONFIGURATION-268. A partial JSON string can be parsed. In character and string escapes, if the character following the \ has no special meaning, the value of the escape is the character itself, for example, \s is the same as s and the warning is given. To print the escape character \ you need to use \\. Unexpected end of program. Strings in Python -. February 23, 2016 Read | Listen (12:36) Bad Skepticism: Why You Should Challenge Popular Assumptions (Skeptoid #506) - From swamp gas and waterspouts to alternative medicine, the harm of not challenging popular. 336 on Linux, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors. rpopma: Add possibility of sending the key of a message to Kafka using KafkaAppender. We are now using dates for meta-schemas, which are what implementations should use to determine behavior, so we will usually refer to 2019-09 (without the word "draft") on this web site. To set the SQL mode at server startup, use the --sql-mode="modes" option on the command line, or sql-mode="modes" in an option file such as my. While Firefox and Chrome, at least, will render the above as an apostrophe in an HTML document, Internet Explorer will not. string，字符串匹配. Do not exclude non-public sites for relations anymore. The ASCII table contains letters, numbers, control characters, and other symbols. The escape character is '\'. , the universally displayable characters between 0x00 and 0x7F), where the compromises taken when mapping between two character sets are chosen to be near what a human with a US keyboard would choose. See Substitutions for more information. Function with this name is already defined and has another return type. Introduce mlp_translations filter in Mlp_Language_Api class. Better table name query. While this doesn't display so makes the JSON appear OK, it is not syntactically valid in JSON. - Implemented support for different moods per track layout instead of global moods. 5ed26f90 — Michael Forney driver: Print unknown option before usage message 4 days ago. Proposed resolution. Your submission may be a program or function. A partial JSON string can be parsed. For example, the table name Order Details is encoded as Order_x0020_Details. 214/KDMSPRD'. @Derk J The new framework can allow lossy in the encoding. hi all forum, I am working on my ajax and jquery chatting module in my website. JSON is based on a subset of the JavaScript Programming Language, therefore, JSON also uses backslash as the escape character: A string is a sequence of zero or more Unicode characters, wrapped in double quotes, using backslash escapes. If the character is in the Basic Multilingual Plane (U+0000 through U+FFFF), then it may be represented as a six-character sequence: a reverse solidus, followed by the lowercase letter u, followed by four hexadecimal digits that encode the character's code point. string scan_regions optional Region in which to scan resources. In a language like C, that kind of code would produce a compile error, as x is either a Boolean or a String or an Integer, and definitely not all three at once. The built-in len() function returns the length of the string, i. Knight's tour 8x 8 1 4 57 20 47 6 49 22 34 19 2 5 58 21 46 7 3 56 35 60 37 48 23 50 18 33 38 55 52 59 8 45 39 14 53 36 61 44 51 24 32 17 40 43 54 27 62 9 13 42 15 30 11 64 25 28 16 31 12 41 26 29 10 63. parse: unterminated string literal SyntaxError: JSON. Escape characters in include path [Windows 10] PlatformIO IDE. Gets or sets how special floating point numbers, e. W0532: 'break' statement is used to exits 'case' or 'default' section, but it's not described at the end of 'case' section. 5ed26f90 — Michael Forney driver: Print unknown option before usage message 4 days ago. TortoiseSVN is a Subversion (SVN) client, implemented as a windows shell extension. 261 263 inline bool. 0, covering 154 modern and historical scripts, as well as multiple symbol sets. This is following the JSON specification. It is invalid to escape any other character. Returns a string formatted according to the given format string using the given integer timestamp or the current time if no timestamp is given. Support comments before preprocessor directives, and unsigned/ long long literals in C/C++ (#613, #616). britter: NumericEntityEscaper incorrectly encodes supplementary characters. DTC400e Card Printer User Guide (L001172 Rev. Leverage native JSON parse if the browser has a native implementation. 7-bit ASCII Character Codes. Otherwise VSCode complains about "Invalid escape character in string. A backslash may be embedded by placing two consecutive backslash characters in the string. This WordPress 3. x through 12. If n1 is less than one, the first character position is assumed. Figure 1 shows a typical example of a SIP message exchange between two users, Alice and Bob. String-constant has more than 65534 characters. Character 5-57. Gets or sets how special floating point numbers, e. The json plugin ship with two recommended config you can use to easily activate it via the extends key. Visual Studio Code generates a launch. The C++ String Toolkit Library (StrTk) consists of robust, optimized and portable string processing algorithms for the C++ language. For example, change the varchar/string to the BLOB data type. SNMP PDUs of type SET will only be accepted with this community string. (e)Another string to the bow is that because of the legal fiction created by the Explanation the inter-State sales or purchases were converted into intraState transactions. For example, ESC # 6. Open the link in a new window. Apache Directory LDAP API 2. New set_encoding() function replaces util. When you join Microsoft Rewards, you’ll earn points just for using Bing. Invalid Characters and Escape Rules. 7 Special Characters and Escape Sequences Backslashes (\) are used to introduce special characters gtgtgt s 'Okay, there\'s a small one. Quiero que ese snippet incluya ya una variable, pero cuando disparo el snippet me quita el simbolo de dolar de las variables: cod. Write Community-- This is the SNMP v1/2c access control parameter for write access to the MIB on the agent. The default value is String. Only valid with C parser Only valid with C parser quotechar : string, The character to used to denote the start and end of a quoted item. 1191, 81st Cong. Eslint plugin for JSON files:warning: Starting from major 2. Sustainability & Community Involvement. SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 187 needs to worry about such low level considerations as the hexadecimal representation of a character string. json中配置git路径时，新增键值对"git. For properties and values, both for JSON data. The following characters are reserved in JSON and must be properly escaped to be used in strings:. This Standard defines the ECMAScript 2019 general-purpose programming language. If the parsing is incomplete, NULL will be returned and json_tokener_get_error() will return json_tokener_continue. On this webpage you will find 8 bits, 256 characters, ASCII table according to Windows-1252 (code page 1252) which is a superset of ISO 8859-1 in terms of printable characters. One-character string used to escape delimiter when quoting is QUOTE_NONE. parse: bad Unicode escape SyntaxError: JSON. This really limits what you can do with generic code. Engage with the Splunk community and learn how to get the most out of your Splunk deployment. + DNS setting rc-manager=file now always follows dangling symlinks instead of replacing /etc/resolv. A character is represented as a single character string. Its value (a string or array of strings) defines what type (or types) the data must be to be valid. A string ends with double quotes. bchb524 2013 lecture 6. You might like to refer to the synaptic package page, to the Package Tracking System, or to the source package src:synaptic's bug page. Have as many as you want, and it's always free. Message SyntaxError: JSON. I understand that this the way C# represents a string with double quotes. " at position 3088 in value for column '#sql-4c59_f7a98. But, the following is an invalid easy connect syntax. conf with a plain file. Numeric character references (NCRs) and named character references are types of character escape used in markup. Escape character issue in “run keyword if” in Robot Framework This script is not working as the string contains single quotes (') and double quotes (") and comparing the string is not working in this case. If strict is false (True is the default), then control characters will be allowed inside strings. ASCII is an acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. n1 is the character position in string s1 to start stuffing. The expression [^abc] matches the character d in the string abcdef, but not the character a, b, or c. Install eslint-plugin-json along eslint: $npm install --save-dev eslint eslint-plugin-json # or$ yarn add --dev eslint eslint-plugin-json. But in some or other way I want to get a clean Json as a response. Introduction. Forward declaration is prohibited for structures. Get answers in as little as 15 minutes. So say that, using the same example, t he Item Description is "COMPANY NAME PRODUCT NAME" and I need to split this up into two separate columns that read column #1 "COMPANY NAME" and column # 2 "PRODUCT NAME". It has always seemed strange to Phil that SQL Server has such complete support for XML, yet is completely devoid of any support for JSON. My Current response is;. A string is a set of characters that starts with a double quote (") and is followed by zero or more printable characters. boolean name required Name can only contain alphanumeric characters and underscore and dash (no spaces or slashes). Avoid control characters in the database or escape invalid characters. unterminated_c_string: 2200F: ZERO LENGTH CHARACTER STRING: zero_length_character_string: 22P01: FLOATING POINT EXCEPTION: floating_point_exception: 22P02: INVALID TEXT REPRESENTATION: invalid_text_representation: 22P03: INVALID BINARY REPRESENTATION: invalid_binary_representation: 22P04: BAD COPY FILE FORMAT: bad_copy_file_format: 22P05. Free download page for Project TortoiseSVN's 1. ASCII Table. parse: bad Unicode escape SyntaxError: JSON. The largest (and best) collection of online learning resources—guaranteed. SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 187 needs to worry about such low level considerations as the hexadecimal representation of a character string. 359, 363 (1956), for example, the Court held that an indictment based solely on hearsay evidence is not invalid under the Grand Jury Clause of the Fifth Amendment. Backspace is replaced with \b, Form feed is replaced with \f, Newline is replaced with \n, Carriage return is replaced with \r, Tab is replaced with \t, Double quote is replaced with \", Backslash is replaced with \\. Recommended Python Training - DataCamp For Python training, our top recommendation is DataCamp. Right now the formula is working using the fix you suggested, but it is splitting it up so that coulmn #1 reads "COMPANY" and column # 2 reads "NAME.
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